1、职称英语（卫生类） A级模拟试卷 10及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. （ A） take out （ B） break off （ C） push in （ D） dig up 2 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September. （ A） play （ B） show （
2、C） send （ D） tell 3 This table is strong and durable. （ A） long-lasting （ B） extensive （ C） far-reaching （ D） eternal 4 He endured great pain before he finally expired. （ A） fired （ B） resigned （ C） died （ D） retreated 5 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror. （ A） smiling （ B） laughing （ C） sh
3、outing （ D） staring 6 The index is the governments chief gauge of future economic activity. （ A） measure （ B） opinion （ C） method （ D） decision 7 Its sensible to start any exercise program gradually at first. （ A） workable （ B） reasonable （ C） possible （ D） available 8 A lot of people could fall ill
4、 after drinking contaminated water. （ A） boiled （ B） polluted （ C） mixed （ D） sweetened 9 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position. （ A） maintain （ B） better （ C） acquire （ D） support 10 She stood there, trembling with fear. （ A） jumping （ B） crying （ C） moving （ D） shaking 11 Med
5、ical facilities are being upgraded. （ A） expanded （ B） repaired （ C） improved （ D） transferred 12 Rock climbing is hazardous. （ A） interesting （ B） dangerous （ C） attractive （ D） useful 13 John is eligible for this job. （ A） accepted （ B） qualified （ C） rejected （ D） recommended 14 In order to impro
6、ve our standard of living, we have to accelerate production. （ A） involve （ B） decrease （ C） speed up （ D） give up 15 Mary looked pale and weary. （ A） worried （ B） ugly （ C） silly （ D） exhausted 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题， 每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果
7、该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Using HIV Virus to Cure Cancer Scientists are planning to use human immunodeficiency (免疫缺陷 ) virus (HIV), one of mankinds most feared viruses, as a carrier of genes which can fight cancer and a range of diseases that cannot be cured. The experts say HIV has an almost perfect ab
8、ility to avoid the bodys immune (免疫的 ) defenses, making it ideal for carrying replacement genes into patients bodies, according to the Observer. A team at the California-based Salk Institute, one of the worlds leading research centers on biological sciences, has created a special new breed of HIV an
9、d has started negotiations with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to begin clinical gene therapy (治疗 ) trials this year. The first trials are expected to involve patients suffering from cancers that cannot be cured by surgery although project leader Professor Inder Verma said the HIV techn
10、ique would have “far wider applications“. The plan remains very likely to cause controversy since it involves making use of a virus which has caused more than 22 million deaths around the world in the past two decades. Verma said that the idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose was “shocking“ but
11、 the fierce nature of HIV had disappeared by having all six of the potentially deadly genes removed. Illnesses such as various cancers are caused when a gene in a patients body fails to work properly. In the past two years, breakthroughs in genetics (遗传学 ) have led gene therapy scientists to try and
12、 replace the genes that de not function normally. Unfortunately, the bodys immune defenses have been known to attack the modified genes and make them lose their effects before they can start their task and progress in the field has been held up by the lack of a suitable carrier. The HIV virus has th
13、e ability to escape from, and then destroy, the immune defense cells designed to protect our bodies and this makes it attractive to scientists as a way of secretly conveying replacement genes into patients bodies. 16 FDA has approved the plan of using HIV to cure cancer in humans. （ A） Right （ B） Wr
14、ong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose has been widely accepted. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 HIV can be safely used to cure cancer only if the deadly genes have been removed. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The HIV virus is an excellent w
15、arrior to fight the bodys immune cells. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Other countries are also expected to begin clinical gene therapy trials soon. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 It is the lack of money that has held up the progress in using replacement genes to cure cance
16、r. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The HIV virus has caused more deaths in developed countries. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与 完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Ashleys Message
17、 of Hope 1. The birth of any child raises many questions. Will she have my eyes, her dads smile? What will she want to be when she grows up? But the biggest question for every parent is “will she be healthy?“ 2. Our daughter, Ashley Elizabeth Naylor, was born on August 12, 1988. We had a lot of mixe
18、d emotions the day of her birth, but mainly we felt fear and despair. The doctors suspected complications (并发病 ), which led to a cesarean section (剖腹产手术 ), but the exact problem was not known. Two weeks after her birth, chromosome (染色体 ) analysis revealed cat cry syndrome. The doctors were uncertain
19、 about how the disease would develop. This was a rare disorder, we were told, and little could be offered to help our daughter. The doctors used the words “profoundly slow,“ which cut like a knife through our hearts and our hopes. It wasnt until a few years later that we realized how little the medi
20、cal community actually knew about cat cry syndrome and especially about our little girl! 3. Ashley defied all the standard medical labels, as well as her doctors expectations. Her spirit and determination enabled her to walk with the aid of a walker (学步车 ) and express herself using sign language and
21、 a communication device. With early intervention and education at United Services for the Handicapped, Ashley found the resources and additional encouragement she needed to succeed. In return, Ashley freely offered one of her best loved and sought after gifts-her embraces. Her bright eyes and glowin
22、g smile captured the hearts of everyone she met. 4. In May of 1992, Ashleys small body could no longer support the spirit that inspired so many. She passed away after a long battle with pneumonia (肺炎 ). Her physical presence is gone, but her message remains: hope. 5. If you are a parent faced with s
23、imilar profound questions after the birth of your child, do not assume one doctor has all the answers. Search for doctors who respect your child enough to talk to her, not just about her. Above all, find an agency or a school that can help you give your child a chance to succeed. Early education for
24、 your child and support for yourself are crucial. 6. If you are a student in a health field, become as knowledgeable as possible and stay current with the latest research, but most importantly, be sensitive to those who seek your help. Each word you speak is taken to heart, but hope can make all the
25、 difference in a familys future. 23 A Wonders Made by Our Sick but Charming Little Girl B Helping a Doctor to Succeed C Hearts Saddened by a Rare Disorder of Our Baby Girl D Sympathy and Knowledge Shown by Medical Students E Message Left Behind by a Short but Inspiring Life F Helping Your Unlucky Ki
26、d to Succeed 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 27 A failure and success B fear and despair C a chance to succeed D bright eyes and glowing smile E whether he or she will have a chance to see a good doctor F whether he or she will be healthy 27 What a parent is most
27、concerned with upon the birth of a child is _. 28 The day her daughter was born, the writers heart was mostly filled with _. 29 All those who met the little girl were touched by her _. 30 A parent should de as much as he or she can so as to give his or her child _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面
28、有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Family and Health Care “Chronic diseases, such as heart disease and cancer, have replaced acute infectious illness as the leading causes of death in the United States,“ says Thomas L. Campbell, a physician specializing in family related medicine. Since most of th
29、ese diseases cannot be cured, Campbell believes more emphasis must be placed on health promotion and disease prevention. The way to do this is through the family, Campbell says in a report published by the National Council on Family Relations. “The family has a powerful influence on health beliefs a
30、nd behaviors because it is the primary social agent in the promotion of health and well-being. Preventive health-care programs and policies must focus on the family and use it as an important resource in health promotion.“ Campbell points to a number of observable connections between health and fami
31、ly: The family is the primary setting in which attitudes and behaviors regarding diet, exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use are learned and maintained. Unhealthy behaviors and genetic risk factors for diseases are frequently found within families, as family members tend to share not
32、only genes, but diets, physical activities, and alcohol and tobacco use. Chronic marital (婚姻的 ) distress and conflict can lead to acute and chronic health changes, such as rising blood pressure and heart rate and lowering immunity (免疫力 ) of cells. These physiological (生理上的 ) changes result in a wide
33、 range of diseases, especially heart disease and cancer. Campbell believes that a number of measures be made within the health-care system to accommodate the influence of the family. For example, health education and preventive care should be targeted toward families as well as individuals and commu
34、nities. Also, when a risk factor for a disease or condition is identified in one family member, all other family members should be tested. Campbell also recommends that mental-health care be included in wellness programs and suggests that family professionals (therapists, sociologists, and family-li
35、fe educators) become more actively involved in health promotion. 31 Campbell believes people should pay more attention to health promotion and disease prevention because most of these diseases （ A） can hardly be cured. （ B） can be cured gradually. （ C） can cause many deaths. （ D） can be cured only b
36、y specialists. 32 According to Campbell, the most effective way to promote health and prevent diseases is （ A） to make new health-care programs. （ B） to stress the role and the influence of the family. （ C） to adopt a new medical policy. （ D） to ask each family to donate money to the community. 33 W
37、hich of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A） Family is the place where we learn attitudes regarding eating. （ B） Family is the place where we learn behaviors regarding eating. （ C） When conflict occurs in a family its members may suffer from distress bad to health. （ D） Divorce is the
38、 best policy to promote health. 34 According to Campbell, health education should be centred on （ A） families. （ B） individuals. （ C） communities. （ D） all of the above. 35 Which of the following is the possible job of a family professional? （ A） To give advice to family members who have mental prob
39、lems. （ B） To help the smart family members to become professors. （ C） To help the children in the family review their lessons. （ D） To give the family members medical treatment like doctors. 36 Laughter There is an old saying in English: “Laughter is the best medicine“. Until recently, few people t
40、ook the saying very seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to investigate laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found evidence that laughter really can improve peoples health. Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films,
41、 while doctors checked their heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the f
42、eet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial. Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be capable of reducing the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group which tolerated the pai
43、n for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽 ) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which diminish both stress and pain, There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter h
44、elps the bodys immune system, that is, the system which fights infection. In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control group - in other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in both g
45、roups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells, that is, the cells which fight infection. As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病学家 ) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which
46、 they try to improve their patients condition by encouraging them to laugh, They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter. 36 We learn from the first paragraph that laughter
47、（ A） is good for ones health. （ B） is related to some illness. （ C） has been investigated long since. （ D） has no effect on the body. 37 Doctors have found that laughter （ A） keeps down blood pressure. （ B） has similar effects to physical exercise. （ C） decreases the heart rate. （ D） increases stres
48、s. 38 Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter, according to the passage? （ A） It reduces pain, （ B） It exercises the body. （ C） It improves the bodys immune system. （ D） It can cure cancer. 39 in a laughter clinic, doctors （ A） laugh at their patients. （ B） encourage their patients
49、 to laugh. （ C） smile when they dont feel like laughing. （ D） never stop laughing. 40 The writers attitude towards laughter is （ A） critical. （ B） doubtful, （ C） positive. （ D） negative. 41 Sleep and Dreams We often hear people ask the question, “What did you dream about last night?“ This shows that dreaming is a very common experience. Everyone in normal health spends parts of the night dreaming. And just as there are many different types of dre
