1、职称英语（卫生类） A级模拟试卷 27及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 If I made a mistake, I will try to remedy it. （ A） clarify （ B） diagnose （ C） evaporate （ D） correct 2 We derive information mainly from the Internet. （ A） deprive （ B） obtain （ C） descend （ D
2、） trace 3 He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert. （ A） bear （ B） hate （ C） like （ D） criticize 4 These factors interact intimately and cannot be separated. （ A） tensely （ B） nearly （ C） carefully （ D） closely 5 The boys broke into excited cheering. （ A） burst （ B） blasted （ C） burn
3、ed （ D） blazed 6 China does a lot of trade with many countries. （ A） a great deal of （ B） a great many of （ C） a large number of （ D） a great level of 7 An old friend called on me the day before yesterday. （ A） telephoned （ B） rang （ C） visited （ D） saw 8 We are going to have the TV fixed. （ A） prep
4、ared （ B） mended （ C） cleaned （ D） arranged 9 I am heartily grateful to your help. （ A） helpful （ B） hateful （ C） delightful （ D） thankful 10 The food is insufficient for three people. （ A） instant （ B） infinite （ C） inexpensive （ D） inadequate 11 Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligi
5、ble to apply for it. （ A） competitive （ B） diligent （ C） qualified （ D） equal 12 He impressed all his colleagues as a vigorous man in the prime of his career. （ A） hot-tempered （ B） healthy （ C） friendly （ D） patient 13 Not all member states abided by the principle they had agreed on previously. （ A
6、） adhered to （ B） abandoned （ C） applied （ D） adopted 14 Thousands of people perished in the storm. （ A） died （ B） suffered （ C） floated （ D） scattered 15 The construction of the railway is said to have been terminated. （ A） resumed （ B） put an end to （ C） suspended （ D） re-schedule 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22
7、题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Mother Nature Shows Her Strength Tornadoes(龙卷风 )and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening: The storms were dramatic and dangerous. Geo
8、rge Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel(漏斗 状的 )cloud was behind him. “I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it
9、 disappeared. “Snyder said. Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees feel onto houses and cars. Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down. Amanda Sy
10、mcheck was having a party when the storm began. “I knew something was wrong, “she said. “I saw the sky go green and pink(粉红色 ). Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection. “ The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars
11、 and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes. The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river. More than four inches
12、 of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County. The river was so hight that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to Cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.
13、 Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated(撤走 ). The Red Cross served meals to them. “This was a really intense storm
14、, “said Snyder. People were afraid. Mother Nature call be fierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed. “ 16 The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 George Snyder was a firefighter. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Ama
15、nda Symcheck was having a party in the basement when the storm began. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Power supply system was not damaged during the storm. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years. （ A） Righ
16、t （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Several people were missing during the storm. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每
17、段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Screen Test 1. Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer. If this happens early enough, the disease can often be treated successfully. According to a survey Australia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen w
18、omen under 50. 2. But the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer. Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser. 3. Researchers at the Polytechnic Univer
19、sity of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160, 000 women at 11 local clinics. After estimating the womens cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause. 4. The mathematical model recommended by Britains National Radiolo
20、gical Protection Board(NRPB)predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100, 000 women, 18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower figure of 20 cancers. 5. The researchers argue that the level of radiat
21、ion-induced cancers is “not very significant“ compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100, 000 women screened. 6. But they point out that the risk of women contracting
22、cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study, they suggest, could help “optimize the technique“ for breast cancer screening. 7. “There is a trade-off between the
23、 diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks, “ admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. “On the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life. Thats
24、why radiation exposure should be minimized in any screening programme. “ A. Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman B. Investing the Effect of Screening C. Effects Predicted by Two Different Models D. Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation E. Treatment of Cancers F. Factors That Trigger Canc
25、ers 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 26 A. be costly B. harmful C. save a life D. still open to debate E. reduce the risk of radiation triggering a cancer F. reduced to the minimum 27 Early discovery of breast cancer may_. 28 Advantages of screening women under 50 a
26、re_. 29 Delaying the age at which screening starts may_. 30 Radiation exposure should be . 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Preserving Nature for Future Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt i
27、n the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 countries are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile(爬行动物 )species and 24 per cent of butterflies(蝴蝶 )are in danger of dying out. European concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr. Peter Baum, an expert in the environment an
28、d natural resources division of the council, when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park. The park is one of the few areas in Europe to hold the councils diploma(证书 )for nature reserves(自然保护区 )of me highest quality, and Dr. Baum had come to present it to t
29、he park once again. He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks, and that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today. But Dr. Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environments needed. To be allowed to survive in peace in their
30、own right. “No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist attraction, “he went on. The short, sighted view that reserves had to serve immediate human demands for outdoor recreation(户外娱乐 )should be replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to pres
31、erve nature for the future. “We forget that they are the guarantee of life systems, on which any built-up area ultimately depends. “Dr. Baum went on. “We could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature. However, our natural environment areas, which are the origi
32、nal parts of our countryside, have shrunk(缩小 )to become mere islands in a spoiled and highly polluted landmass. “ 31 Recent studies by the Council of Europe have indicated that_. （ A） Britain is the only country where wildlife needs more protection （ B） all species of wildlife in Europe are in dange
33、r of dying out （ C） there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere （ D） many species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe need protecting 32 Why did Dr. Baum come to a British national park? （ A） Because he needed to present it with a councils diploma. （ B） Because he
34、was concerned about its management. （ C） Because it was the only national park of its kind in Europe. （ D） Because it had never before received a diploma from the Council. 33 The last sentence in the second paragraph implies that_. （ A） people should create more natural environment areas （ B） people
35、 would go on protecting national parks （ C） certain areas of countryside should be preserved （ D） people should defend the right to live in a peaceful environment 34 In Dr. Baums opinion, the view that a nature reserve should serve as a tourist attraction is_. （ A） idealistic （ B） revolutionary （ C）
36、 short-sighted （ D） traditional 35 Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? （ A） We have developed industry at the expense of countryside. （ B） We have forgotten what our original countryside looked like. （ C） People living On islands should protect natural resources for their
37、 survival. （ D） We should destroy all the built up areas. 35 Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road. The cars sensors ch
38、eck odors inside the car and monitor a drivers sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the
39、 gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the drivers palm. Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Swedens Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a cars seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start. Nissans new concept vehicle also incl
40、udes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a drivers alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest. The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi sa
41、ys the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology. “For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used, “ Doi says. Nissan has no specific timet
42、able for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015. The cars seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admi
43、ts that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. “If you drink one beer, its going to register, so we need to study whats the appropriate level for the system to activate, “ he says. In the UK, some research groups are using similar advanced techniques to understa
44、nd driver behavior and the effectiveness of different road designs. 36 Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Japanese concept care? （ A） It has a sensor system that could issue a warning if the driver is drunk. （ B） It has sensors that detect traces of alcohol inside the car. （ C） It
45、has sensors locked up in the ignition system. （ D） It has a breathalyzer-like detection system. 37 What has Volvo developed? （ A） The same detection system mentioned in the previous paragraph. （ B） A breathalyzer attached to a cars seat belt. （ C） A smart car seat belt. （ D） An intelligent engine. 3
46、8 What is the function of the camera mentioned in Paragraph 4? （ A） It monitors the drivers eyes to see if he needs a rest. （ B） It judges if the driver wants to pull over. （ C） It judges if the driver wants to take a rest. （ D） It issues an alarm when the driver speaks. 39 According to Doi_. （ A） t
47、he overall effectiveness of the detection technology has improved （ B） Nissan is making a timetable to market the detection system （ C） it is impossible to improve the overall effectiveness of the detection system （ D） Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate 40 Wh
48、ich of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6? （ A） An external camera checks that the car is going properly. （ B） The car will automatically keep to its lane. （ C） The seat belt will tighten when the driver is found drowsy. （ D） The technology of the alcohol odor sensor should be improved. 4
49、0 A Sunshade for the Planet Even with the best will in the world, reducing our carbon emissions is not going to prevent global warming. It has become clear that even if we take the most strong measures to control emissions, the uncertainties in our climate models still leave open the possibility of extreme warming and rises in sea level. At the same time, resistance by governments and special interest groups makes it quite possible that the actions suggested b
