1、职称英语（卫生类） A级模拟试卷 29及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The story that my grandpa told me was very touching. （ A） inspiring （ B） boring （ C） moving （ D） frightening 2 The commercial telephone service was no longer operative. （ A） creative （ B） movi
2、ng （ C） rotating （ D） working 3 The scientists are exploring the area in hopes of finding new stores of underground oil,which can serve as an outlet for the energy crisis. （ A） styles （ B） varieties （ C） supplies （ D） shops 4 My father always takes a stroll for a while after supper. （ A） walk （ B） r
3、est （ C） bath （ D） breath 5 Many factory workers find their jobs tiresome. （ A） difficult （ B） pointless （ C） profitable （ D） boring 6 I think the new strategy our manager came up with wont work in the market. （ A） manner （ B） battle （ C） management （ D） tactic 7 The new apartment had many drawbacks
4、, most notably its price. （ A） noticeably （ B） remarkably （ C） particularly （ D） significantly 8 The conference was hailed as a great success. （ A） published （ B） challenged （ C） acclaimed （ D） guided 9 A turbulent storm was a major factor in the defeat of the Spanish Armada. （ A） noxious （ B） viole
5、nt （ C） mysterious （ D） pathetic 10 Pure feldspar is a colorless, transparent mineral,but impurities commonly make it opaque and colorful. （ A） truly （ B） rapidly （ C） periodically （ D） frequently 11 Only those who worked here for more than five years are eligible for the special payment. （ A） encou
6、raged （ B） enforced （ C） expected （ D） entitled 12 Fine freshwater pearls are found in the main stream and the tributaries of the Mississippi River. （ A） banks （ B） deltas （ C） branches （ D） currents 13 The shabby treatment from his colleagues made him very angry. （ A） unforgettable （ B） unbelievabl
7、e （ C） unfair （ D） unthinkable 14 His eyes widened in surprise after hearing the news. （ A） extended （ B） stretched （ C） broadened （ D） traversed 15 A series of rifle shots disturbed the tranquility of the camp grounds. （ A） solidarity （ B） peacefulness （ C） equanimity （ D） propinquity 二、 阅读判断 (第 16
8、-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Disease, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention Disease may be defined as the abnormal state in which part or all of the body is not properly adjusted or is not capable of carrying on all it
9、s required functions. There are marked variations in the extent of the disease and in its effect on the person. In order to treat a disease, the doctor obviously must first determine the nature of the illness that is, make a diagnosis. A diagnosis is the conclusion drawn from a number of facts put t
10、ogether. The doctor must know the symptoms, which are the changes in body function felt by the patient; and the signs(also called objective symptoms)which the doctor himself can observe. Sometimes a characteristic group of signs(or symptoms)accompanied a given disease. Such a group is called a syndr
11、ome. Frequently certain laboratory tests are performed and the results evaluated by the physician in making his diagnosis. Although nurses do not diagnose, they play an extremely valuable role in this process by observing closely for signs, encouraging the patient to talk about himself and his sympt
12、oms, and then reporting this information to the doctor. Once the patient s disorder is known, the doctor prescribes a course of treatment, also referred to as therapy. Many measures in this course of treatment are carried out by the nurse under the physician s orders. In recent years physicians, nur
13、ses and other health workers have taken on increasing responsibilities in prevention. Throughout most of medical history, the physicians aim has been to cure a patient of an existing disease. However, the modern concept of prevention seeks to stop disease before it actually happens to keep people we
14、ll through the promotion of health. A vast number of organizations exist for this purpose, ranging from the World Health Organization(WHO)on an international level down to local private and community health programs. A rapidly growing responsibility of the nursing profession is educating individual
15、patients toward the maintenance of total healthphysical and mental. 16 By disease it means the condition in which one or more parts of the body fail to function properly. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 A syndrome refers to a complex of signs and/or symptoms typical of a specific disease
16、. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The diagnostic aids are indispensable in any case for a physician to diagnose a disease. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Because nurses can observe patients closely, they have the authority to deal with any critical condition happening to pat
17、ients. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Modern medicine attaches much more importance to disease prevention than traditional medicine. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 An effective system of disease prevention and treatment has been established in every country all over the wor
18、ld. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Generally speaking, the physician is more willing to treat patients physical disease than their mental illness. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第
19、27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Optimists Really Do Live Longer,Say Scientists 1 For the philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer optimism was fundamentally wrong, banal and corrupting while the father of psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud simply declared it to be neurotic. 2 Experience shows that looking on t
20、he bright side of life does have advantages and recent scientific evidence “points to the positive mindset as being beneficial to health. In other words, optimists live longer. 3 That was the conclusion reached by experts at the Mayo Clinic in the US State of Minnesota who evaluated answers given by
21、 people to a set of questions in the 1960s. Of the 729 candidates, 200 had died and according to scientists, there were a disproportionate number of pessimists among them. 4 Ten points more on the pessimism scale that was the difference between “slightly pessimistic “and “averagely pessimistic“ were
22、 enough to boost a person s chances of dying by 19 percent,according to the study by prominent psychologist Martin Seligman of the University of Pennsylvania. 5 The study does not say why pessimists die. But an older survey taken among children in San Francisco and Los Angeles makes it clear that pe
23、rsonal attitude towards the world is a key factor in the longevity equation. 6 The latest evidence to support the theory that optimists tend to cope better with illness of all kinds has been provided by Professor Ralf Schwarzer of Berlin s Free University who questioned 600 heart and lung patients.
24、His conclusion; Optimists recover more swiftly from operations than their pessimistic counterparts, tend to be happier after treatment and return to work more swiftly. 7 There have been suggestions that optimists do not stay healthier but rather turn into optimists later because they enjoy good heal
25、th. Numerous surveys have taken into account a person s state of health at the outset and the effect remains the same. 8 Studies have shown that optimists do not blind themselves to reality either. They thus interpret it in a positive way. “Sublimating and denying things tend to alter reality but il
26、lusions are a way of seeing reality in the best light,“ said Californian psychology professor Shelley Taylor. 9 German science journal Bild der Wissenschaft, which carries a major article on the topic in its current March issue, commented on “the right attitude “to having a tumor. 10 It seems psycho
27、therapy can go some way towards extending the life span and life quality of a sick person although a complete recovery using psychological technique alone is unlikely. 11 Doctors like, however, to point to the example of US cycling professional Lance Armstrong, who was seriously ill with cancer, but
28、 whose unshakeable optimism helped him to take the top trophy twice at cycling s premier Tour de France. 12 The magazine also quoted a study by Sheldon Cohens of the Carnegie-Mellon-University in Pittsburgh: 420 volunteers were deliberately infected with strains of various common cold viruses. A day
29、 later checks were carried out to see who had caught a cold. 13 The results showed that in the case of people who had satisfactory,long-term relations with friends, neighbors or colleagues, the virus was less likely to trigger a cold. Of people with three or fewer firm relationships 62 percent becam
30、e ill compared with only 35 percent of those who had six or more close human links. A. Quicker Recovery From Illness B. Personal Attitude Counts C. Relationship Between Good Health and Optimism D. A Positive Way of Understanding Reality E. Optimism and Pessimism F. Optimists With Illusions 23 Paragr
31、aph 5 24 Paragraph 6 25 Paragraph 7 26 Paragraph 8 26 A. to avoid unpleasant things in life B. in looking on the bright side of life C. less likely to catch cold D. how one looks on life E. to be unhappy all the time F. more likely to get cancer 27 Some scholars did not believe_. 28 How long one can
32、 live,partly depends on 29 An optimist does not necessarily try_ 30 An experiment showed that optimists were 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Who Want to Live Forever? If your doctor could give you a drug that would let you live a healthy life for twice as long,
33、 would you take it? The good news is that we may be drawing near to that date. Scientists have already extended the lives of flies, worms and mice in laboratories. Many now think that using genetic treatments we will soon be able to extend human life to at least 140 years. This seems a great idea. T
34、hink of how much more time we could spend chasing our dreams, spending time with our loved ones, watching our families grow and have families of their own. “ Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes and promote long term thinking,“ says Dr. Gregory Stock of the University of C
35、alifornia School of Public Health. “It would also raise productivity by adding to the year we can work. Longer lives dont just affect the people who live them. They also affect society as a whole. “We have war, poverty, all sorts of issues around, and I don t think any of them would be at all helped
36、 by having people live longer,“ says US bioethicist Daniel Callahan. “The question is What will we get as a society? I suspect it won t be a better society. “ It would certainly be a very different society. People are already finding it more difficult to stay married. Divorce rates are rising. What
37、would happen to marriage in a society where people lived for 140 years? And what would happen to family life if 9 or 10 generations of the same family were all alive at the same time? Research into ageing may enable women to remain fertile for longer. And that raises the prospect of having 100-year-
38、old parents, or brothers and sisters born 50 years apart. We think of an elder sibling as someone who can protect us and offer help and advice. That would be hard to do if that sibling came from a completely different generation. Working life would also be affected, especially if the retirement age
39、was lifted. More people would stay in work for longer. That would give us the benefits of age-skill,wisdom and good judgment. On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would
40、 be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss? Young people would be a smaller part of a society in which people lived to 140. It may be that such a society would place les
41、s importance on guiding and educating young people, and more on making life comfortable for the old. And society would feel very different if more of its members were older. There would be more wisdom, but less energy. Young people like to move about. Old people like to sit still. Young people tend
42、to act without thinking. Old people tend to think without acting. Young people are curious and like to experience different things. Old people are less enthusiastic about change. In fact, they are less enthusiastic about everything. The effect of anti-ageing technology is deeper than we might think.
43、 But as the science advances, we need to think about these changes now. “ If this could ever happen, then we d better ask what kind of society we want to get,“ says Daniel Callahan. “We had better not go anywhere near it until we have figure those problems out. “ 31 Which of the following is NOT men
44、tioned as one of the things that living longer might enable an individual to do? （ A） Spending more time with his family. （ B） Having more education. （ C） Realizing more dreams. （ D） Working longer. 32 Which of the following is implied in the sixth paragraph? （ A） Marriages in the US today are quite
45、 unstable. （ B） More and more people in the US today want to get married. （ C） Living longer would make it easier for people to maintain their marital ties. （ D） If people live longer, they would stay in marriage longer. 33 All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on workin
46、g life EXCEPT_. （ A） communication between employers and employees would be more difficult （ B） more money would be used by employers in payment of their employees （ C） the job market would be more competitive （ D） it would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions 34 An imp
47、ortant feature of a society in which people live a long life is that_. （ A） it places more emphasis on educating the young （ B） it is both wise and energetic （ C） it lacks the curiosity to experiment what is new （ D） it welcomes changes 35 Which of the following best describes Callahan s attitude to
48、 anti-ageing technology? （ A） Optimistic. （ B） Pessimistic. （ C） Reserved. （ D） Negative. 35 Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of Stroke Australian doctors declared Monday that a cocktail of simple antihypertensive drugs can lower the risk of patients suffering a repeat stroke by more than a thir
49、d. This is the result of their research. The research, presented at a medical conference in Italy over the weekend, has been valued highly as a major breakthrough in stroke prevention. Strokes kill 5 million people a year,and more than 15 million suffer non-fatal strokes that often leave them with useless limbs, slurred speech and other serious disabilities. One in five stroke survivors goes on to have a second,often fatal,stroke within five years of the first. An international six-year study of 6,1
