1、职称英语（卫生类） A级模拟试卷 31及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 She has been the subject of massive media coverage. （ A） extensive （ B） negative （ C） responsive （ D） explosive 2 Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive. （ A） very boring （ B） very thoroug
2、h （ C） very interesting （ D） very touching 3 The old lady let her flat to an English couple. （ A） offered （ B） rented （ C） provided （ D） sold 4 Did you do that to irritate her? （ A） tease （ B） attract （ C） annoy （ D） protect 5 It is very difficult for a child to adhere to rules. （ A） remember （ B） f
3、ollow （ C） understand （ D） learn 6 Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake. （ A） damaged （ B） shaken （ C） fallen （ D） jumped 7 We have ample money for the journey. （ A） some （ B） little （ C） enough （ D） extra 8 The childs abnormal behavior puzzled the doctor. （ A） funny （ B） frightening
4、 （ C） repeated （ D） unusual 9 Foreign money can be converted into the local currency at this bank. （ A） altered （ B） changed （ C） bought （ D） sold 10 The eternal motion of the stars fascinated him. （ A） long （ B） never-ending （ C） boring （ D） extensive 11 The index is the governments chief gauge of
5、future economic activity. （ A） method （ B） measure （ C） way （ D） manner 12 Even sensible men do absurd things. （ A） unusual （ B） ridiculous （ C） special （ D） typical 13 At the age of 30,Hersey suddenly became a celebrity. （ A） boss （ B） manager （ C） star （ D） dictator 14 You should not criticize him
6、 so harshly in his face. （ A） evaluate （ B） talk about （ C） praise （ D） find fault with 15 A new system of quality control was brought in to overcome the defects in the firms products. （ A） invested （ B） introduced （ C） installed （ D） insisted 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每
7、个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Women with AIDS For a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men. The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause. Now we are rapidly approaching th
8、e point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough. Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do. In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick part
9、ner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV - positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men, however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors. They get care. Women often do not. The discrimination against HIV-
10、positive women is simply terrible. They are likely to be more inactive than men in home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease. This is not at all true. They get it from a man. They dont just simply have HIV. Of cause, theres a social discrimination again
11、st all people with HIV. They are scared that other people will know they are HIV-positive and that they will, therefore be discriminated against. For example , its very difficult for people with HIV to travel. They are not allowed to enter many countries, including the United States,China and Russia
12、. The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolation. Once the woman knows shes HIV-positive, she lives in fear that other people will find out. Shes so frightened she will go into hiding, into an isolated place by herself. Its not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HI
13、V-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone, except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick. But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it-whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the Un
14、ited Nations to struggle for their rights are likely to live longer. Active women dont die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women. 16 HIV-positive women make up nearly half of all AIDS cases in the world. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The high level of in
15、fection among women has been taken seriously. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 There are more AIDS cases in the United States,China and Russia. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 There is social discrimination against only women with HIV. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned
16、20 Isolation is the biggest difficulty for HIV-positive women. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Active women with AIDS tend live longer. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Women with AIDS are encouraged to tell their trouble to others. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、
17、概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Exercising Your Memory 1 Aging does not mean a dramatic decline in memory power, unless you help it happen by letting your mind go. 2 Thats not to say that memory doesn
18、t change throughout life. Researchers divide memory into categories based on the length of time when memories are stored. One system divides it up as short-term(less than one minute; remembering a telephone number while you dial, for instance), long-term(over a period of years)and very long-term mem
19、ory(over a lifetime). 3 Short-term memory isnt mastered until about age 7 , but after that you never lose it. Long-term memory, however, involves more effort and skill and changes more through life. Its not until the early teens(十几岁 )that most people develop a mature long-term memory. 4 First, we mu
20、st get information into our heads through learning. Learning strategies can get rusty(生锈 )without constant use. High school and college students, who are forced to repeatedly exercise their long-term memory abilities(at least long enough to get them through a final exam), usually do well on memory t
21、ests. The longer you stay in school, the more chance you get to polish your learning skills. Its no wonder that more highly educated people have more effective memory skills throughout life. 5 Although older people in general learn somewhat more slowly than they did when younger, a dramatic differen
22、ce exists between those who stay intellectually activereading, discussing, taking classes, thinking and those who do not. Giving the brain daily workout(锻炼 )is just as important as exercising your muscles. Brainwork keeps your learning strategies in shape, and this helps your memory to function at f
23、ull capacity. 6 The next part of a healthy long-term memory is retention(记忆力 ), the ability to store what you have learned. Memory researchers still do not know whether memories are lost whether they still exist in the brain but our mental searching cannot turn them up, or have disappeared entirely
24、as our brain ages. 7 The third necessity for memory is recall, the ability to bring to mind the memories we have stored. Again, while aging has widely different effects on the recall abilities of different people, research indicates that the older we get, the longer it takes to recall facts. But slo
25、wer recall is still recall. In fact, aging does not seem to have any effect on forgetting at all, which takes place at the same rate in younger and older people. A Importance of staying intellectually active B Effects of aging on a persons recall ability C Short-term memory versus long-term memory D
26、 Retention as the second necessity for memory E Link between learning strategies and effective memory skills F Significance of exercising your muscles 23 Paragraph 3 _ 24 Paragraph 4_ 25 Paragraph 5_ 26 Paragraph 6_ 26 A for younger and older people B to the proper function of your memory C is calle
27、d long-term memory D the capacity to store what you have learned E belongs to very long-term memory F the ability to remain mentally healthy 27 Retention refers to_. 28 The rate of forgetting is the same_. 29 Remembering something all your life_. 30 Exercising your brain every day is beneficial_. 四、
28、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Listening to Birdsong A male zebra finch chirps away to himself. Suddenly he notices a female bird nearby. He realizes he has an audience and immediately changes his song. Can the female tell the difference in his performance? Acco
29、rding to a new study, the female zebra finch knows. And she prefers the special trills he creates when he sings to her. A male zebra finch changes his song when singing to a female in ways that people can barely detect. But the female finch can tell the difference. Scientists had noticed slight vari
30、ations in the songs of male zebra finches based on whether they were singing alone or whether there was a female(and potential mate)nearby. With an audience , the males sped up the pace of their songs and controlled the notes they used. For this study, researchers Sarah C. Woolley and Allison Doupe
31、at the University of California, San Francisco decided to focus attention on the listening females, which have not been well studied in the past. In the study, Woolley and Doupe set up,a long cage with a sound speaker at each end. One broadcast the sound of a male zebra finch singing to himself, lik
32、e someone singing in the shower. The other speaker broadcast a male performing for a female audience, as if he was giving a concert. Female birds were placed between the two speakers. Some of the birds had mates. Others didnt. The females shifted around a bit, and then most of them hopped over to si
33、t beside just one speaker. All the birds that made a clear choice liked songs meant for a female audience, even if theyd never met the male. Mated females also had a chance to listen to two different performance songs, one from an unknown male, and one from their mate. They spent more time listening
34、 to the concert version of their mates songs. This suggests that after a while, females learn to recognize and prefer the songs of their mates. Scientists then studied the brains of the females. They found certain areas of the brain perked up when the birds listened to the concert songs. These brain
35、 areas may be involved in recognizing and evaluating the songs, and storing the memories of them. This research deals with whats called directed communication, when the communicator, or sender, focuses the message for a specific audience. One example is the way moms speak to their babies. Mothers ar
36、ound the world use the same sort of high pitched sing-song chatter, and the babies respond best to those sounds. Songbirds are one of the only other species known to learn their communication, in this case their songs. 31 What does the first paragraph say about zebra finches? （ A） Male zebra finches
37、 like to sing to female zebra finches. （ B） Male zebra finches sing louder than female zebra finches. （ C） Male zebra finches change their songs in female zebra finches presence. （ D） Male zebra finches like to listen to female zebra finches sing. 32 What did the researchers find in their study of f
38、emale zebra finches? （ A） Female finches liked songs male finches sang for them. （ B） Female finches only liked songs male finches sang for their mates. （ C） Female finches liked to listen to songs from both speakers. （ D） Female finches chose the best male singers as their mates. 33 What is meant b
39、y “concert songs“ in the seventh paragraph? （ A） Songs sung by zebra finches at a concert. （ B） Songs sung by male finches for female finches. （ C） Songs sung by female finches for male finches. （ D） Songs sung by male finches to many female finches. 34 What is NOT true of directed communication? （
40、A） The sender of a message has a specific audience. （ B） Male zebra finches sing to female finches. （ C） Mothers talk to their babies. （ D） Male zebra finches sing to themselves. 35 Which of the following can best reflect the theme of the passage? （ A） Chirping away. （ B） Birdsongs as communication.
41、 （ C） Zebra finches and their life. （ D） Enjoying birdsongs. 35 Knitting My mother knew how to knit(编织 ), but she never taught me. She assumed, as did many women of her generation, that knitting was no longer a skill worth passing down from mother to daughter. A combination of feminism(女权主义 )and con
42、sumerism(消费主义 )made many women feel that such homely accomplishments were now out of date. My Grandmother still knitted , though, and every Christmas she made a pair of socks for my brother and me, of red wool. They were the ones we wore under our ice skates(冰鞋 ), when it was really important to hav
43、e warm feet. Knitting is a nervous habit that happens to be productive. It helped me quit smoking by giving my hands something else to do. It is wonderful for depression because no matter what else happens, you are creating something beautiful. Time spent in front of the television or just sitting i
44、s no longer time wasted. I love breathing life into the patterns. Its true magic, finding a neglected, dog-eared old book with the perfect snowflake design, buying the same Germantown wool my grandmother used, in the exact blue to match my daughters eyes, taking it on the train with me every day for
45、 two months, working enthusiastically to get it done by Christmas, staying up late after the stockings are filled to sew in the sleeves and weave in the ends. Knitting has taught me patience. I know that if I just keep going, even if it takes months, there will be a reward. When I make a mistake, I
46、know that anger will not fix it, that I just have to go back and take out the stitches(针脚 )between and start over again. People often ask if I would do it for money, and the answer is always a definite no. In the first place, you could not pay me enough for the hours I put into a sweater. But more i
47、mportant, this is an activity I keep separate from such considerations. I knit it to cover my children and other people I love in warmth and color. I knit to give them something earthly that money could never buy. Knitting gives my life an alternative rhythm to the daily deadline. By day I can write
48、 about Northern Ireland or the New York City Police Department and get paid for it, but on the train home, surrounded by people with laptops, I stage my little rebellion. I take out my old knitting bag and join the centuries of women who have knitted for love. 36 Why did many women feel that knittin
49、g was out of date? （ A） Because their mothers didnt teach them. （ B） Because they were influenced by feminism and consumerism. （ C） Because they were feminists. （ D） Because they were consumerists. 37 The author wore the red socks her grandmother had knitted for her_. （ A） when she went to school （ B） when she went sightseeing （ C） when she celebrated Christmas （ D） when she went skating 38 The word “ quit“ in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_. （
