1、职称英语（卫生类） A级模拟试卷 6及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 These are their motives for doing it. （ A） reasons （ B） excuses （ C） answers （ D） plans 2 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west. （ A） twists （ B） stretches （ C） broadens （ D）
2、bends 3 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs. （ A） abuse （ B） flavor （ C） temptation （ D） consumption 4 These programmes are of immense value to old people. （ A） natural （ B） fatal （ C） tiny （ D） enormous 5 A great deal has been done to remedy the situation. （ A） maintain （ B） improve （ C） assess （
3、 D） protect 6 John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article. （ A） cooperating （ B） competing （ C） combining （ D） arguing 7 He is determined to consolidate his power. （ A） strengthen （ B） control （ C） abandon （ D） exercise 8 Many scientists have been probing psychological problems. （ A） solvi
4、ng （ B） exploring （ C） settling （ D） handling 9 Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and exercise habits. （ A） removed （ B） cured （ C） worsened （ D） relieved 10 All the cars are tested for defects before leaving the factory. （ A） functions （ B） faults （ C） motions （ D） parts 11 The
5、food is insufficient for three people. （ A） instant （ B） infinite （ C） inexpensive （ D） inadequate 12 Thousands of people perished in the storm. （ A） died （ B） suffered （ C） floated （ D） scattered 13 But in the end he approved of our proposal. （ A） undoubtedly （ B） certainly （ C） ultimately （ D） nec
6、essarily 14 For young children, getting dressed is a complicated business. （ A） strange （ B） complex （ C） personal （ D） funny 15 In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management. （ A） evaluation （ B） production （ C） efficiency （ D） publicity 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面
7、的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Cosmetic Surgery Surgery that can improve the way a person looks is becoming more and more popular in the United States. This kind of surgery is called cosmetic surgery, and both men and women are turning to
8、 this treatment as a way of keeping their appearance young as well as keeping competitive (有竞争力的 ) in their jobs. Men especially are beginning to turn to face-lifts (面部拉皮手术 ), liposuction (taking fat out of the body), and implants (putting artificial parts into their bodies) to help them look younge
9、r. As companies downsize (缩编 ) and move younger employees into higher positions, older employees in their late forties and early fifties feel the need to look and act younger in order to stay competitive. These operations are not without dangers, however. One young woman had an eye operation to get
10、rid of the bags under her eyes. She described her experience as terrible. She said, “When he started cutting, I was fully awake. Even though hed given me an injection near my eyes, I saw everything.“ She went on to explain, “1 knew I had to keep still because of what he was doing. He was scraping (刮
11、 ) away fat underneath my eyes. It took about ten minutes. After he finished, I felt I couldnt walk. I was so faint.“ Her troubles did not end after the operation for two weeks. Her eyes were swollen (肿胀的 ) and almost completely closed, and even dark glasses could not hide the side effects of the op
12、eration. Liposuction, taking fat out of the body, is probably the most popular cosmetic operation in the United States. It seems simple enough. First, a small cut is made over the place where the patient wants the fat removed. Next, a small pipe is put into the cut. A machine like a vacuum cleaner i
13、s then used to suck the fat out of the body. However, as one doctor explained, some problems can happen after the operation. He warned, “Irregular lumps and loose skin can result from this operation. If it is not evenly done, liposuction can produce a very lumpy result.“ Patients often must have mor
14、e liposuction to correct the problem. 16 Cosmetic surgery is more popular in the US than anywhere else. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The way a man looks has little to do with the job opportunities he may have. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 There are hardly any risks invo
15、lved in cosmetic operations. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The young woman was by no means satisfied with the eye operation. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The eye operation was such a failure that the woman refused to pay for it. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 2
16、1 Not everyone is a good candidate for liposuction. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Sometimes liposuction patients may have to undergo more than one operation. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项 中为第 2-5段每段选择
17、一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Exercising Your Memory 1 Aging does not mean a dramatic decline in memory power, unless you help it happen by letting your mind go. 2 Thats not to say that memory doesnt change throughout life. Researchers divide memory into categories based on the le
18、ngth of time when memories are stored. One system divides it up as short-term (less than one minute; remembering a telephone number while you dial, for instance), long-term (over a period of years) and very long-term memory (over a lifetime). 3 Short-term memory isnt mastered until about age 7, but
19、after that you never lose it. Long-term memory, however, involves more effort and skill and changes more through life. Its not until the early teens (十几岁 ) that most people develop a mature long-term memory. 4 First, we must get information into our heads through learning. Learning strategies can ge
20、t rusty (生锈 ) without constant use. High school and college students, who are forced to repeatedly exercise their long term memory abilities (at least long-term enough to get them through a final exam), usually do well on memory tests. The longer you stay in school, the more chance you get to polish
21、 your learning skills. Its no wonder that more highly educated people have more effective memory skills throughout life. 5 Although older people in general learn somewhat more slowly than they did when younger, a dramatic difference exists between those who stay intellectually active m reading, disc
22、ussing, taking classes, thinking and those who do not. Giving the brain a daily workout (锻炼 ) is just as important as exercising your muscles. Brainwork keeps your learning strategies in shape, and this helps your memory to function at full capacity. 6 The next part of a healthy long-term memory is
23、retention (记忆力 ), the ability to store what you have learned. Memory researchers still do not know whether memories are lost whether they still exist in the brain but our mental searching cannot turn them up, or have disappeared entirely as our brain ages. 7 The third necessity for memory is recall,
24、 the ability to bring to mind the memories we have stored. Again, while aging has widely different effects on the recall abilities of different people, research indicates that the older we get, the longer it takes to recall facts. But slower recall is still recall. In fact, aging does not seem to ha
25、ve any effect on forgetting at all, which takes place at the same rate in younger and older people. 23 A Importance of staying intellectually active B Effects of aging on a persons recall ability C Short-term memory versus long-term memory D Retention as the second necessity for memory E Link betwee
26、n learning strategies and effective memory skillsF Significance of exercising your muscles 23 Paragraph 3_ 24 Paragraph 4_ 25 Paragraph 5_ 26 Paragraph 6_ 27 A for younger and older people B to the proper function of your memory C is called long-term memory D the capacity to store what you have lear
27、ned E belongs to very long-term memoryF the ability to remain mentally healthy 27 Retention refers to_. 28 The rate of forgetting is the same_. 29 Remembering something all your life_. 30 Exercising your brain every day is beneficial_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳
28、选项。 31 Is the Tie a Necessity? Ties, or neckties, have been a symbol of politeness and elegance in Britain for centuries. But the casual Prime Minister Tony Blair has problems with them. Reports suggest that even the civil servants may stop wearing ties. So, are the famously formal British really go
29、ing to abandon the neckties? Maybe. Last week, the UKs Cabinet Secretary Andrew Turnbull openly welcomed a tieless era. He hinted that civil servants would soon be free of the costliest 12 inches of fabric that most men ever buy in their lives. In fact, Blair showed this attitude when he had his fir
30、st guests to a cocktail party. Many of them were celebrities (知名人士 ) without ties, which would have been unimaginable even in the recent past. For some more conservative British, the tie is a must for proper appearance. Earlier, Labor leader Jim Callaghan said he would have died rather than have his
31、 children seen in public without a tie. For people like Callaghan, the tie was a sign of being complete, of showing respect. Men were supposed to wear a tie when going to church, to work in the office, to a party - almost every social occasion. But today, people have begun to accept a casual style e
32、ven for formal occasions. The origin of the tie is tricky. It started as something called simply a “band“. The term could mean anything around a mans neck. It appeared in finer ways in the 1630s. Frenchmen showed a love of this particular fashion statement. Their neckwear (颈饰 ) impressed Charles II,
33、 the king of England who was exiled (流放 ) to France at that time. When he returned to England in 1660, he brought this new fashion item along with him. It wasnt, however, until the late 18th century that fancy young men introduced a more colorful, flowing piece of cloth that eventually became known
34、as the tie. Then, clubs, military institutions and schools began to use colored and patterned ties to indicate the wearers membership in the late 19th century. After that, the tie became a necessary item of clothing for British gentlemen. But now, even gentlemen are getting tired of ties. Anyway, th
35、e day feels a bit easier when you wake up without having to decide which tie suits you and your mood. 31 The tie symbolizes all of the following except （ A） respect, （ B） elegance, （ C） politeness, （ D） democracy, 32 Why does Blair sometimes show up in a formal event without a tie? （ A） Because he w
36、ants to make a show. （ B） Because he wants to attract attention, （ C） Because ties are costly, （ D） Because he wants to live in a casual w&y. 33 Which of the following is NOT a social occasion? （ A） Going to church. （ B） Going to work in the office, （ C） Staying at home. （ D） Going to a party, 34 Wh
37、o brought the Frenchmens neckwear to Britain? （ A） Tony Blair. （ B） Charles II. （ C） Jim Callaghan. （ D） Andrew Turnbull. 35 When did British gentlemen begin to wear ties regularly? （ A） After the late 19th century, （ B） In the 1630s. （ C） In 1660, （ D） In the late 18th century. 36 Brain-dead Mother
38、 Dies after Giving Birth A brain-dead woman who was kept alive for three months so she could deliver the child she was carrying was removed from life support on Wednesday and died, a day after giving birth. “This is obviously a bittersweet time for our family,“ Justin Torres, the womans brother-in-l
39、aw, said in a statement. Susan Torres, a cancer-stricken, 26-year-old researcher at the National Institutes of Health, suffered a stroke in May after the melanoma (黑瘤 ) spread to her brain. Her family decided to keep her alive to give her foetus (胎儿 ) a chance. It became a race between the foetus de
40、velopment and the cancer that was destroying the womans body. Doctors said that Torres health was getting worse and that the risk of harm to the foetus finally outweighed the benefits of extending the pregnancy. Torres gave birth to a daughter by Caesarean section (剖腹产手术 ) on Tuesday at Virginia Hos
41、pital Center. The baby was two months premature and weighed about a kilogram. She was in the newborn intensive care unit. Dr Donna Tilden-Archer, the hospitals director of neonatology (新生儿学 ), described the child as “very vigorous.“ She said the baby had responded when she received stimulation, indi
42、cating she was healthy, Doctors removed Torres from life support early Wednesday with the consent of her husband, Jason Torres, after she received the final sacrament (圣礼 ) of the Roman Catholic Church. “We thank all of those who prayed and provided support for Susan, the baby and our family,“ Jason
43、 Torres said in a statement. “We especially thank God for giving us little Susan. My wifes courage will never be forgotten.“ English-language medical literature contains at least 11 cases since 1979 of irreversibly brain-damaged women whose lives were prolonged for the benefit of the developing foet
44、us, according to the University of Connecticut Health Center. Dr Christopher McManus, who coordinated care for Susan Torres, put the infants chances of developing cancer at less than 25 per cent. He said 19 women who have had the same aggressive form of melanoma as Torres have given birth, and five
45、of their babies became iii with the disease. 36 Susan Torres died soon after （ A） she suffered a stroke. （ B） she became brain-dead. （ C） she was diagnosed with cancer. （ D） she gave birth to a baby. 37 The pregnancy was stopped because （ A） the foetus was found seriously iii. （ B） the risks outweig
46、hed the benefits. （ C） there was no hope to rescue the foetus. （ D） the Torres family couldnt afford the expenses any more. 38 Which is NOT true of the baby? （ A） She was born of a dead mother. （ B） She was two months premature. （ C） She weighed about a kilogram. （ D） She was healthy. 39 Susan Torre
47、s had been put on life support so （ A） she could live comfortably. （ B） she could see her baby. （ C） she could die without pain. （ D） she could deliver her baby. 40 The babys chances of developing cancer were said to be （ A） about 11 per cent. （ B） around 19 per cent. （ C） less than 25 per cent. （ D
48、） close to 5 per cent. 41 Smart Exercise Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that ex
49、ercise can make blood vessels, including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says: “While we already know that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can literally cause physical changes in the brain.“ The effects of-exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities that require a lot of movement and physical act
