1、职称英语（卫生类） A级模拟试卷 8及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. （ A） jumps （ B） rises （ C） falls （ D） changes 2 Did you do that to irritate her? （ A） tease （ B） attract （ C） annoy （ D） protect 3 M
2、ary looked pale and weary. （ A） ill （ B） tired （ C） worried （ D） peaceful 4 The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage (污水 ). （ A） polluted （ B） downgraded （ C） mixed （ D） blackened 5 Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive. （ A） very boring （ B） very thorough （ C） very i
3、nteresting （ D） very touching 6 Alice is a fascinating girl. （ A） a beautiful （ B） a pretty （ C） an attractive （ D） a pleasant 7 Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents: （ A） displayed （ B） shown （ C） proved （ D） assessed 8 The old lady let her flat to an English coup
4、le. （ A） offered （ B） rented （ C） provided （ D） sold 9 She stood there, crying and trembling with fear. （ A） shaking （ B） staggering （ C） struggling （ D） murmuring 10 They strolled around the lake for an hour or so. （ A） ran （ B） rolled （ C） walked （ D） raced 11 The conclusion can be deduced from th
5、e premises. （ A） argued （ B） derived （ C） permitted （ D） come 12 I can no longer tolerate his actions. （ A） put up with （ B） accept （ C） take （ D） suffer from 13 Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments. （ A） ask （ B） persuade （ C） assign （ D） order 14 She has been the subj
6、ect of massive media coverage. （ A） extensive （ B） negative （ C） responsive （ D） explosive 15 I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs. （ A） supply （ B） reach （ C） provide （ D） meet 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误
7、信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 How Men Face the Fat Problem It is a pleasure to see men of a certain age worrying about their weight. Listening to them is not such a pleasure. Because the men are new at the game, they dont hesitate to discuss the fat problem incessantly. However, women of the same
8、 age do not discuss the fat problem, especially not in mixed company. They prefer to face the problem with quiet dignity. Discussing the problem might only draw attention to some stray body part that may be successfully tucked away under an article of clothing. The age at which a man begins to explo
9、re the fat problem can vary. The actual problem can manifest itself in the early 30s, but broad-range discussion usually starts later. There are early nonverbal symptoms. Ive watched the rugged journalist who shares my apartment sneak by with a Diet Coke. His shirts are no longer neatly tucked in to
10、 display a trim waist. Recently he has begun to verbalize his anxiety. He tells me, with a sheepish grin, that he is taking his suits to Chinatown to have them “tailored.“ Still-older man have lost their dignity and rattle on unabashedly. Often, wives and children play important roles in their fat-i
11、nspection rituals. Take my oldest brother, a former college football player, as an example. His daughter says that several times a day he will stand at attention and call out, “Fat, medium or thin?“ She knows the correct answer: medium. Thin would be an obvious stretch, and fat may not get her that
12、new video. According to his wife, he stands in front of the mirror in the morning (before the days meals take their toll), puts his hands behind his head and lurches into a side bend, then clutches the roll that has developed and says, “Am I getting fatter?“ His wife is expected to answer, “You look
13、 like you may have lost a few pounds.“ And then there are the ex-husbands, a pitiful group. They are extremely vocal. When I go to the movies with one, he confides that he is suffering from great hunger because he is dieting. He hasnt eaten since the pancakes and sausages he wolfed down that morning
14、. He pauses in his monologue while he buys his popcorn. After the movie, we sprint to a restaurant, where he again pauses to devour a basket of bread. Before he orders his chaste salad and soup, he grows plaintive. Do I think hes fat? 16 Men of a certain age are always ready to talk about their fat
15、problem. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Women of a certain age do not discuss the fat problem, especially in the presence of men. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Men usually begin to worry about their weight when they are nearly 40. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 1
16、9 The journalist used to drink Diet Coke and tuck in his shirts in order to keep trim. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Men older than the journalist never hesitate to talk about their fat problem, yet they would be displeased if their family members tell them the truth. （ A） Right （ B） W
17、rong （ C） Not mentioned 21 My oldest brothers daughter would not tell her father he is fat because she loves him so much that she cannot bear to upset him. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The ex-husbands are pitiful because they have got no wives to sympathize with them. （ A） Right （ B）
18、Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 The Drink Your Body Needs Most 1 Our bodies are estimated to be about 60 to 70% water. Blood is mostly water, and our muscles, lungs, and br
19、ain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate body temperature and to provide the means for nutrients (滋养物 ) to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells, removes waste, and protects our joints and organs. 2 We lose water through urination (腓尿 ), respiration (
20、呼吸 ), and by sweating. If you are very active, you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise. Symptoms of mild dehydration (脱水 ) include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches, and constipation (便秘 ). A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellow color indica
21、tes that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is an obvious sign of dehydration and in fact, you need water long before you feel thirsty. 3 A good rule of thumb (好的做法 ) is to take your body weight in pounds and divide that number in half. That gives you the number of ounces (盎司 ) of water per da
22、y that you need. For example, if you weigh 160 pounds, you should drink at least 80 ounces of water perday. If you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20 minutes you are active. If you drink coffee or alcohol, you should add at least an equal amount of water. When you
23、are traveling on an airplane, it is good to have 8 ounces of water for every hour you are on board the plane. 4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day. Be sure you have water handy at all times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working, traveling, or exercising. If
24、 you get bored with plain water, add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor. There are some brands of flavored water available, but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you dont need. 23 A Ounces of water needed per day B Importance of water C Composition of water D Signs of dehydrati
25、on E Supply of waterF Necessity for bringing a bottle for water wi.th you 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 2_ 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 4_ 27 A in your body B without water C before long D for a change E on a busy dayF to your weight 27 One cannot live_. 28 Dehydration may occur if there is a shortag
26、e of water_. 29 The amount of water your body needs per day is closely related_. 30 Dont forget to drink enough water even_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Crystal Ear One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. “He certainly does,“ replied
27、Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid. “No way,“ I said. “It would make me look 20 years older. No, no,“ she replied. “This is entirely different. Its Crystal Ear!“ Jill was right. Crystal Ear is dif
28、ferent-not the old-styled body worn or over-the-ear aid, but an advanced personal sound system so small that its like contacts (隐形眼镜 ) for your ears. And Crystal Ear is super-sensitive and powerful, too. You will hear sounds your ears have been missing for years. Crystal Ear will make speech louder,
29、 and the sound is pure and natural. I couldnt believe how tiny it is. It is smaller than the tip of my little finger and its almost invisible when worn. There are no wires, no behind-the-ear device. Put it in your ear and its ready-to-wear mold (形状 ) fits comfortably. Since its not too loud or too t
30、ight, you may even forget that youre wearing it? Use it at work or at play. And if your hearing problem is worse in certain situations, use Crystal Ear only when you need it. Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout ones lifetime. Although hearing loss is no
31、w the worlds number one health problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ea
32、r, the “sound solution“ is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off (下降 ), can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months. Crystal Ear is now
33、 available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier (放大器 ). 31 Initially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because （ A） it would make him look old. （ B） It would make him nervous. （ C） it was too expensive. （ D） it was old-styled. 32 Which of the follow
34、ing is NOT true of Crystal Ear? （ A） It is highly sensitive. （ B） It is powerful. （ C） It is invisible. （ D） It is wireless. 33 One special feature of Crystal Ear is that （ A） you can control its volume. （ B） you neednt take it off every day. （ C） it is solar-powered. （ D） it saves power. 34 Accordi
35、ng to the passage, hearing loss is （ A） only a minor health problem. （ B） the worlds most common health problem. （ C） merely a teenage disease. （ D） an incurable disease. 35 Many people leave their hearing problem untreated because （ A） it is not serious. （ B） Crystal Ear is not yet available. （ C）
36、it is not easy to have it treated. （ D） they dont want to look old. 36 New U.S. Plan for Disease Prevention Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health, Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to encourage communities to do mor
37、e to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease, cancer and diabetes (糖尿病 ). The initiative highlights the costs of chronic diseases the leading causes of death in the United States and outlines ways that people can prevent them, including better diet and increased exercise. “In the United States t
38、oday, 7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness, disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases,“ the Health and Human Services department said in a statement. The causes are often behavioral-smoking, poor eating habits and a lack of exercise. “1 am convinced that prev
39、enting disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choice for our future,“ Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative. “Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifes
40、tyle choices.“ Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351 billion in 2003. “These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable, yet we as a nation are not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier, longer lives,“ he said. The $15 milli
41、on is designed to go to communities to promote prevention, pushing for changes as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more. Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes, and prevent cancer and strokes. The money will also go to community
42、 organizations, clinics and nutritionists who are being encouraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening. The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by screening, including Pap
43、 tests (巴氏试验 ) for cervical (子宫颈 ) cancer, mammograms (乳房 线照片 ) for breast cancer, colonoscopies (结肠镜检查 ), and prostate (前列腺的 ) checks. If such cancers were all caught by early screening, the group estimates that the survival rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent. 36 Which of the following is NOT
44、 true of chronic diseases in the US? （ A） They account for 70% of all deaths. （ B） They are responsible for most of the health care costs. （ C） They often result in unhealthy lifestyles. （ D） They are largely preventable. 37 The author mentions all the following ways of disease prevention EXCEPT （ A
45、） better diet. （ B） increased exercise. （ C） less smoking. （ D） more frequent hand washing. 38 The passage indicates that spending more money on disease prevention will mean （ A） greater responsibility of the government. （ B） less need for input into treatment. （ C） higher costs of health care. （ D）
46、 more lifestyle choices for people. 39 The purpose of the $15 million program is to （ A） promote disease prevention. （ B） build more highways. （ C） help poor communities. （ D） wipe out chronic diseases. 40 Early cancer screening can help reduce significantly （ A） the death rates for all chronic dise
47、ases. （ B） the kinds of cancer attacking people. （ C） the incidence rate for cancer. （ D） the death rate for cancer. 41 The Body Thieves In the early nineteenth century in Britain, many improvements were being made in the world of medicine. Doctors and surgeons were becoming more knowledgeable about
48、 the human body. Illnesses that had been fatal a few years before were now curable. However, surgeons had one problem. They needed dead bodies to cut up, or dissect (解剖 ). This was the only way that they could learn about the flesh and bones inside the body, and the only way to teach new surgeons to
49、 carry out operations. The job of finding these dead bodies was carried out by an unpleasant group of people called “body snatchers“. They went into graveyards (墓地 ) at night and, using wooden shovels to make less noise, dug up any recently buried bodies. Then they took the bodies to the medical schools and sold them. A body could be sold for between 5 and 10, which was a lot of money at that time. The doctors who paid the body snatchers had
