1、职称英语（卫生类） B级模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 A ship was reported to be in distress a few miles out at sea. （ A） danger （ B） formation （ C） service （ D） develop 2 It was stated by the railway board that the cost of rail fares would be incr
2、eased by ten per cent. （ A） wood （ B） committee （ C） lumber （ D） trunk 3 The boy felt frustrated when he found he had difficulty with most of the maths problems. （ A） proud of himself （ B） discouraged （ C） scared （ D） encouraged 4 People who do not sleep enough tend to become irritable. （ A） easily
3、annoyed （ B） ill （ C） weary （ D） stiff and sore 5 Its convenient to take bus since buses leave at short intervals. （ A） rapidly （ B） frequently （ C） soon （ D） satisfactorily 6 He stretched the net from one side of the river to the other so that it hung down into the water. （ A） straightened （ B） pro
4、longed （ C） ever-lasted （ D） spread out 7 The residents in this area are mostly rich enough to afford this kind of products. （ A） inhabitants （ B） citizens （ C） civil （ D） urban people 8 Everything cooperated to make our journey a success. （ A） contradicted （ B） worked together （ C） brought in （ D）
5、got out 9 The germs of influenza can only exist in an acid condition. （ A） bacterium. （ B） mold （ C） bacteria （ D） medium 10 Defects in a system of education should be improved gradually. （ A） Imperfection （ B） Deformity （ C） Customary （ D） Communication 11 During the 1800s and early 1900s, new acad
6、emic disciplines such as chemistry and physics made great headway. （ A） sacrifice （ B） forefront （ C） preconceptions （ D） progress 12 This kind of animal became extinct about 500 years ago. （ A） exact （ B） unfrequented （ C） no longer existing （ D） tender 13 Everyday Tom had nothing to do but pass aw
7、ay time. （ A） catch up with （ B） waste （ C） kill （ D） save 14 No one knew whether this expressed acceptance of his fate or joy at his deliverance. （ A） destiny （ B） doom （ C） destination （ D） detest 15 Steel is an alloy composed primarily of iron and carbon. （ A） traditionally （ B） ironically （ C） c
8、arefully （ D） principally 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如 果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Suppose you make your parents so happy, they decide to have another baby just like you. It might be flattering(讨人喜欢的 ), but how would you feel abou
9、t having a little brother or sister who is also your twin? A laboratory experiment conducted last fall suggests it may someday be possible. For the first time ever, scientists made exact copies, or clones(克隆 ), of a human embryo. Although the embryos grew for only six days, cloned embryos could theo
10、retically be implanted in a womans womb(子宫 )and develop into normal babies. Or they could be frozen and implanted years later. The scientists developed their cloning technique to make it easier for childless couples to have babies by in vitro(在体外的 )fertilization. In this procedure, sperm(精子 ) from t
11、he man fertilizes an egg from the woman in a laboratory dish. In most case, doctors must try implanting several embryos before one stays in the womb.Cloned embryos would give them many more embryos to implant. But the technique could also be used for other purposes. Parents might freeze embryos clon
12、ed from their children so that they could be replaced if any of them died.The clones would also be ideal donors if the children needed organ transplants. Another possibility: Childless couples could go to a bank of frozen embryos and choose a child just like one whos already living. Some people are
13、concerned that these couples might pick only beautiful, successful children. The ethical dilemmas(困境 )of cloning have not yet been discussed fully because the public assumed it was a long way off. Many people are calling for(要求，提倡 )controls on cloning immediately before the practice is abused.What d
14、o you think? 16 In an experiment conducted last autumn, scientists made exact copies of a human embryo for the first time. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The scientists developed their cloning technique to make it easier for childless couples to have babies by in vivo fertilization. （ A
15、） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 After the egg is fertilized the nucleus begins dividing. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The technique is just used for providing embryos. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The technique can make a dead person alive. （ A） Right （ B） Wron
16、g （ C） Not mentioned 21 The ethical dilemmas of cloning has prevented it from further developing. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 There is a delicately balanced relationship between the state of the pre-germ cell nuclei and the position in which they find themselves. （ A） Right （ B） Wron
17、g （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Successful Language Learners Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar,
18、and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques that make
19、language easier for them. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves.
20、They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mistakes. Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chanc
21、e. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficul
22、t, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every world. Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the
23、 language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it. What kind of language learner are you? If you are a s
24、uccessful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above. Questions: 23 A. Ways to learn a language Successfully B. Le
25、arning to Language Purposefully C. Learning a Language Actively D. Learning a Language Independently E. Learning from Mistakes F. Learning to Think in the Target Language 23 Paragragh1_. 24 Paragragh2_. 25 Paragragh3_. 26 Paragragh4_. 27 A. to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules B. to e
26、xpand vocabulary C. to use the target language D. to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposely E. from cluesF. to say strange things 27 Successful language learners derive conclusions_. 28 Independent language learners relay on themselves_. 29 Active lan
27、guage learners seize every opportunity_. 30 The author wrote this text_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale was born in Florence, Italy, while her wealthy English parents were traveling in Europe. As a child, she traveled
28、to many places with her family and learned how to speak several languages. When Nightingale was 17, she told her family that she was going to help sick people. Her parents did not approve, but Nightingale was determined. She traveled to hospitals all over Europe. She saw that doctors were working to
29、o hard. She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care. Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people. Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more, they needed special training in how to take care of sick people. Nightingale went t
30、o a hospital in Germany to study nursing. Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen During Illness. These women cared for sick people in their homes. In 1854, England was fighting a war with Russia. War reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the
31、 hospitals that cared for the wounded. People demanded that something be done about it. A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals. So, in November 1854, Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital. She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained
32、 herself. At first, the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals. They did not believe that women could help. But in fact, the nurses did make a difference. They worked around the clock, tending the sick. Thanks to their hard work, many wounded soldiers
33、survived. After the war, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes. Finally, in 1860, she started the Nightingale School for Nurses. In time, thanks to Florence Nightingale, nursing became an important part of medicine. 31 Florence Nightingale was born into a rich （ A） Italian family. （ B）
34、 Russian family. （ C） English family. （ D） German family. 32 Nightingales parents did not approve of her decision （ A） to work as a doctor. （ B） to care for sick people. （ C） to fight in the war with Russia. （ D） to travel to hospitals all over Europe. 33 It was not until the war with Russia that Ni
35、ghtingale （ A） got to work in a hospital. （ B） began to study nursing. （ C） started to care for sick people in their homes. （ D） became the head of Gentlewomen During Illness. 34 On the battlefields Nightingale and her nurses proved to be （ A） as bad as the doctors had expected. （ B） quite generous.
36、 （ C） less than useful. （ D） very helpful. 35 Nightingale played a great role in （ A） the building of war hospitals. （ B） the education of women. （ C） the development of nursing. （ D） the improvement of working conditions for women. 36 Crystal Ear One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a he
37、aring aid. “He certainly does,“ replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if rd ever thought about getting a hearing aid. “No way,“ I said. “It would make me look 20 years older.“ “No, no,“ she replied. “This is entirely different. Its Crysta
38、l Earl“ Jill was right. Crystal Ear is different-not the old-styled body worn or over-the-ear aid, but an advanced personal sound system so small that its like contacts (隐形眼镜 ) for your ears. And Crystal Ear is super-sensitive and powerful, too. You will hear sounds your ears have been missing for y
39、ears. Crystal Ear will make speech louder, and the sound is pure and natural. I couldnt believe how tiny it is. It is smaller than the tip of my little finger and its almost invisible when worn. There are no wires, no behind-the-ear device. Put it in your ear and its ready-to-wear mold (形状 ) fits co
40、mfortably. Since its not too loud or too tight, you may even forget that youre wearing in Use it at work or at play. And if your hearing problem is worse in certain situations, use Crystal Ear only when you need it. Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout o
41、nes lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustme
42、nts to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear, the “sound solution“ is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off (下降 ), can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batt
43、eries can last months. Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier (放大器 ). 36 Initially the writer did not want to buy a hearing aid because （ A） it would make him look old. （ B） it would make him nervous. （ C） it was too expensive. （ D）
44、it was old-styled. 37 Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear? （ A） It is highly sensitive. （ B） It is powerful. （ C） It is invisible. （ D） It is wireless. 38 One special feature of Crystal Ear is that （ A） you can control its volume. （ B） you neednt take it off every day. （ C） it is solar
45、-powered. （ D） it saves power. 39 According to the passage, hearing loss is （ A） only a minor health problem. （ B） the worlds most common health problem. （ C） merely a teenage disease, （ D） an incurable disease. 40 Many people leave their hearing problem untreated because （ A） it is not serious. （ B
46、） Crystal Ear is not yet available. （ C） it is not easy to have it treated. （ D） they dont want to look old. 41 Global Cancer Rates to Rise by 50% by 2020 The number of new cancer cases worldwide is expected to increase by 50% by the year 2020. But a new report suggests that as many as a third of ne
47、w cancers could be avoided by adopting healthier lifestyles and through public health action. The World Cancer Report, released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, shows that cancer has now emerged as a major public health threat in developing countries as well as rich ones. Overall,
48、 cancer was responsible for 12% of all deaths in 2000. But in many countries more than a quarter of all deaths are caused by cancer. The report shows that 10 million new cancers were diagnosed globally in 2000, and that number is expected to rise to 15 million by 2020. Researchers say most of that i
49、ncrease will mainly be due to steadily aging populations in both developed and developing countries and current trends in smoking and other unhealthy habits. “Cancer has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries for the first time, matching its effect in industrialized (工业化的 ) countries,“ said researcher Paul Kleihues, MD, director of IARC, in a news release. “Once considered a Western disease, the Report highlights that more than
