1、职称英语（卫生类） B级模拟试卷 37及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 We are sure that he will get over his illness . （ A） certain （ B） aware （ C） happy （ D） determined 2 The policemen acted quickly because lives were at stake. （ A） in despair （ B） in danger （ C
2、） in misery （ D） in pain 3 If headaches only occur at night, lack of fresh air is often the cause. （ A） start （ B） begin （ C） happen （ D） visit 4 The ice is not thick enough to bear the weight of a tank. （ A） suffer （ B） accept （ C） receive （ D） support 5 A small number of firms have ceased trading.
3、 （ A） completed （ B） finished （ C） fulfilled （ D） stopped 6 She was sent a box of chocolates along with a letter saying she was fired. （ A） killed （ B） shot （ C） dismissed （ D） murdered 7 The mountains look glorious at sunrise. （ A） inviting （ B） magnificent （ C） appealing （ D） pleasing 8 It seems h
4、ighly unlikely that she will pass the exam. （ A） very （ B） completely （ C） usually （ D） mostly 9 Their parents once lived under very severe conditions. （ A） sound （ B） hard （ C） strict （ D） tight 10 Michael is now merely a good friend. （ A） largely （ B） barely （ C） just （ D） rarely 11 Can we resume
5、the meeting? （ A） stop （ B） begin （ C） start （ D） continue 12 The movie has a satisfying ending. （ A） pleasing （ B） sad （ C） interesting （ D） horrific 13 He tended his grandmother in the hospital. （ A） looked for （ B） took care of （ C） kept up （ D） cared for 14 Keep your room tidy. （ A） messy （ B） o
6、rganized （ C） beautiful （ D） neat 15 The bad news upset me very much. （ A） disturbed （ B） saddened （ C） angered （ D） disappointed 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的 是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Stomach Ulcer Stomach ulcers are the cause
7、of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population wil
8、l develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people. Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wounds can harm the tissue in the stomach, the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines. F
9、luids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach. This pain often is called heart burn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people
10、 to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now they have discovered that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or HP
11、illorie. HPillorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say the discovery of a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing u
12、lcers will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts of Africa. Doctors say a person is more likely to get an ulcer if his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulc
13、ers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And
14、 they say people should reduce tension in their lives. 16 In the past, doctors could not do anything about stomach ulcers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Now doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Some people are likely to suffer from t
15、he stomach pain at some time in their life. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers after many years of experiments. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 There has been a change in doctors understanding of the cause of stomach ulcer. （ A） Right （
16、B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Stomach ulcer can lead to stomach cancer. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 People who eat a lot of spicy food are susceptible to stomach ulcers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个
17、选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Electromagnetic Energy 1. White light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy
18、day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy. 2. The sun is 93 million miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels throug
19、h space. 3. Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, television, and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared(红外线的 )radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves
20、 of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. Ultraviolet rays(红外线 )and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our re
21、quirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in
22、medicine to reveal broken bones. 4. Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric
23、generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too. 5. Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experi
24、ments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed(利用 )by man. Chemical energy comes from electron(电子 )rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom
25、. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the suns energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium(氦 ). 6. Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical sourc
26、e of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy. A. Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Suns Energy B. The Most Important Source of Energy C. Types of Electromagne
27、tic Energy D. X-rays Are Used to Detect and Treat Cancer E. Seeking New Sources of Energy F. Nuclear Energy is Beginning to Compete with Coal 23 Paragraph 3 _ 24 Paragraph 4 _ 25 Paragraph 5 _ 26 Paragraph 6 _ 26 A. electromagnetic energy B. electromagnetic energy travels through space C. came from
28、the sun D. when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place E. when the sunrays are fierce F. chemical energy is generated 27 Visible light that produce warmth is an example of_. 28 We can use energy from the sun because_. 29 The energy stored in coal_. 30 _when electron rearrangement takes place
29、. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements Two scientists who have won praise for research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monda
30、y, kicking off six days Nobel announcements. Australian-born U. S. citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical honors Tor their enzyme research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for Nobel. Only seven women have won the medicine priz
31、e since the first Nobel Prizes were handed out in 1901. The last female winner was U. S. researcher Linda Buck in 2004, who shared the prize with Richard Axel. Among the pairs possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studyi
32、ng proteins called nuclear hormone receptors. As usual, the award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholms Karolinska Institute. Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite, established the prizes in his will in the
33、categories of medicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Swedens central bank. Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners, but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a bod
34、y of research. Hans Jornvall, secretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronor(US $ 1. 3 million)prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary goal for scientists. “Individual researchers probably dont look at themselves as potential No
35、bel Prize winners when theyre at work, “ Jornvall told The Associated Press. “They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions. “ In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, and Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Las
36、ker prize for basic medical research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telom-erase to sustain their uncontrolled growth. 31 Who is Not a likely candidate for this years Nobel Prize in medicine? （ A） Elizabeth Blackburn
37、. （ B） Carol Greider. （ C） Linda Buck. （ D） Pierre Chambon. 32 Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel? （ A） He was from Sweden. （ B） He was the inventor of dynamite. （ C） He established the prizes in his will. （ D） He gave clear instructions on how to select winners. 33 Which was NOT originally one of th
38、e Nobel Prizes? （ A） The medicine prize. （ B） The literature prize. （ C） The peace prize. （ D） The economics prize. 34 The word “kicks“ in line 6 from the bottom probably means_. （ A） excitement （ B） income （ C） motivation （ D） knowledge 35 The research by Blackburn and Greider helps suggest the rol
39、e of_. （ A） money in medical research （ B） proteins in cancer treatment （ C） hormones in the functioning of life （ D） telomerase in the growth of cancer cells 35 Obesity: the Scourge of the Western World Obesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world, delegates agreed at the 11th Eur
40、opean Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According to statements before the opening of the conference of 2, 000 specialists from more than 50 countries 1. 2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million are obese. Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital
41、said: “Obesity is a chronic illness. In Germany, 20 percent of the people are already affected, but in Japan only one percent. “ But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication. Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said: “We are living in th
42、e new age(but)with the metabolism of a stone-age man. “ “I have just been to the United States. It is really terrible. A pizza shop is springing up on every corner. We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization. “ Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler
43、said: “80 percent of all diabetics are obese, also 50 percent of all patients with high blood pressure and 50 percent with adipose tissue complaints. “ “10 percent more weight means 13 percent more risk of heart disease. Reducing ones weight by 10 percent leads to 13 percent lower blood pressure. “
44、Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs. “Though the health insurance pays for surgery(such as reducing the size of the stomach)when the body-mass index is more than 40. That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms fo
45、r a height of 1. 70 meters. One should start earlier. “ Ludvik said that prevention should begin in school. “Child obesity(fat deposits)correlates with the time which children spend in front of TV sets. “ The consequences were only apparent later on. No more than 15 percent of obese people.lived to
46、the average life expectancy for their population group. 36 It is estimated that there are_people suffering from obesity in the world. （ A） 250, 000, 000 （ B） 1, 200, 000, 000 （ C） 1, 450, 000, 000 （ D） 950, 000, 000 37 It seems that the_people are least affected by obesity among the developed countr
47、ies and areas mentioned in the passage. （ A） European （ B） German （ C） American （ D） Japanese 38 Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity? （ A） High blood pressure. （ B） Fatty tissue complaints. （ C） Diabetes. （ D） Stomach-ache. 39 What is the correlation between body weight and h
48、eart disease and blood pressure? （ A） 10 percent less body weight means 10 percent less risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. （ B） 13 percent more body weight means 10 percent more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. （ C） The more body weight one gains, the more risk of heart dis
49、ease and high blood pressure he has. （ D） The less body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and the less risk of high blood pressure he has. 40 From paragraph 6 we may infer that one of the effective measures suggested by Ludnik to prevent children from being obese would be_. （ A） not to permit them to watch TV at all （ B） to tell them to spend less time watching TV （ C） to turn off TV when they are in front of TV sets （ D） to calculate accurately the tim
