1、职称英语（卫生类） B级模拟试卷 38及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Will you please call my husband as soon as possible? （ A） contact （ B） consult （ C） phone （ D） visit 2 We have to put up with her behavior. （ A） tolerate （ B） accept （ C） swallow （ D） take 3 T
2、hey have given up the hope to save their friend from drowning. （ A） ended （ B） abandoned （ C） built （ D） strengthen 4 I seldom watch TV. （ A） rarely （ B） frequently （ C） normally （ D） occasionally 5 The dentist has decided to take out the girls bad tooth. （ A） dig （ B） draw （ C） pull （ D） extract 6
3、He was not eligible for the examination because he was over age. （ A） competitive （ B） diligent （ C） qualified （ D） competent 7 Her novel depicts an ambitious Chinese. （ A） writes （ B） sketches （ C） describes （ D） indicates 8 Dont irritate her. shes on a short fuse today. （ A） tease （ B） attract （ C
4、） annoy （ D） protect 9 It is absurd to go out in such terrible weather. （ A） ridiculous （ B） funny （ C） odd （ D） interesting 10 I notified him that my address had changed. （ A） informed （ B） observed （ C） mocked （ D） misled 11 The room was furnished with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and
5、a table. （ A） supplied （ B） gathered （ C） grasped （ D） made 12 The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one. （ A） motivate （ B） combine （ C） compact （ D） nominate 13 He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides. （ A） favorable （ B） possible （ C） formal
6、（ D） genuine 14 When does the next train depart? （ A） pull up （ B） pull down （ C） pull out （ D） pull in 15 Because administering the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock. （ A） adjusting （ B） evaluating （ C） engaging （ D） managing 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短
7、文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Breakfast Studies show that children who eat breakfast do better in school. It doesnt take much further thought to believe that adults will feel better and perform better at work as well. Whether you work at home, on the far
8、m, at the office, at school, or on the road.it is not a good idea to skip(故意略去 )breakfast. If we dont eat breakfast, we are likely to become fired when our brains and bodies run low on fuel. By mid-morning, a lot of us grab a cup of coffee, or wolf down a sugary candy bar to wake up again. This migh
9、t work for a few minutes, but by lunchtime we are hungry, bad-tempered, and perhaps our mood might make us a little more likely to make unhealthy choices at lunch. Eating a good breakfast sets the tone for the rest of the day. People who eat breakfast are generally more likely to maintain a healthy
10、weight. Many people believe that they will lose weight if they skip meals, but that isnt a good idea. The body expects to be refueled a few times a day, so start with a healthy breakfast. A healthy breakfast should contain some protein(蛋白质 )and some fiber(纤维 ). Protein can come from meat, eggs, bean
11、s, or soy(大豆 ). Fiber can be found in whole cereals(谷物 ), grains or in fruits. A good example of a healthy breakfast might be something simple like a hard boiled egg, an orange, and a bowl of whole grain cereal with soy milk. 16 Adults who eat breakfast will perform better at work. （ A） Right （ B） W
12、rong （ C） Not mentioned 17 It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Men are more likely to skip breakfast than women. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 A person who skips breakfast is more likely to eat unhealthily at lunch. （ A） Right （
13、 B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Skipping breakfast is a good strategy for losing weight. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 A simple breakfast cannot be a healthy breakfast. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 People who eat breakfast are seldom in a bad mood. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong
14、（ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Parkinsons Disease 1. Parkinsons disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Norma
15、lly, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinsons, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopam
16、ine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to. 2. No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to le
17、ad to Parkinsons disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited. 3. Tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkins
18、ons disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinsons affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to
19、 problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinsons may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills(dementia). 4. At this time, there is no cure for Parkinsons di
20、sease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor w
21、ill adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results. A. Tips for Patients with the Disease B. Common Treatment for the Disease C. Means of Diagnosis of the Disease D. Typical Symptoms of the Disease E. Possible Causes of the Disease F.
22、 Definition of Parkinsons Disease 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 2_ 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 4_ 26 A. if there isnt enough dopamine in your body B. what affects muscles all through your body C. which cannot be cured yet D. if you have a fixed or blank expression E. which may be the first symptom y
23、ou notice F. what causes Parkinsons disease 27 Youll find it hard to move the way you want to_. 28 A lot of research is being done to find out_. 29 One of the most common signs of Parkinsons is tremor_. 30 A person with Parkinsons has to learn to live with the disease, _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 4
24、5分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Thirst for Oil Worldwide every day, we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of Oil. Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun. In fact enough energy from the Sun hits the planets surface each minute to cover our needs for an entir
25、e year, we just need to find an efficient way to use it. So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at. But as supplies dwindle, this will change, and we will need to cure our addiction to oil. Burning wood satisfied most energy needs until the steam-driven industrial revolution, wh
26、en energy-dense coal became the fuel of choice. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one quarter of our energy needs, but its use has been declining since we started pumping up oil. Coal is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel, but could m
27、ake a comeback, as supplies are still plentiful(its reserves are five times larger than oils. Today petroleum, a mineral oil obtained from below the surface of the Earth and used to produce petrol, diesel oil and various other chemical substances, provides around 40% of the worlds energy needs, most
28、ly fuelling automobiles. The US consumes a quarter of all oil, and generates a similar proportion of greenhouse gas emissions. The majority of oil Comes from the Middle East, which has half of known reserves. But other significant sources include Russia, North America, Norway, Venezuela and the Nort
29、h Sea. Alaskas Arctic National Wildlife Refugel could be a major new US source, to reduce reliance on foreign imports. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years, though opinions and estimates vary. We could fast reach an energy crisis in the next few decades, wh
30、en demand exceeds supply. As conventional reserves become more difficult to access, others such as oil shares and tar sands may be used instead. Petrol could also be obtained from coal. Since we started using fossil fuels, we have released 400 billion tonnes of carbon, and burning the entire reserve
31、s could eventually raise world temperatures by 13C. Among other horrors, this would result in the destruction of all rainforests and tile inching of all Arctic ice. 31 “. we will need to cure our addiction to oil. “ Why does the author say so? （ A） Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun. （ B
32、） Oil supply is increasing all the time. （ C） Demand for oil is increasing all the time. （ D） Oil supply is decreasing. 32 Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the second paragraph? （ A） Wood wets the fuel of choice before coal. （ B） The use of coal is declining
33、. （ C） Coal is the most environmentally unfriendly fuel next to oil. （ D） Coal reserves are plentiful and will be likely to become the major fuel of choice. 33 Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum? （ A） The United States. （ B） Russia. （ C） Norway. （ D） Venezuela. 34 What do experts say
34、 about the earths fuel reserves? （ A） The earths fuel reserves will be accessible for the next 50 years. （ B） There will soon be an energy crisis. （ C） Conventional reserves will soon become inaccessible. （ D） Fuel demand will decline. 35 What is NOT the result of consuming fossil fuels according to
35、 the last paragraph? （ A） Rainforests will be destroyed. （ B） Arctic ice will be melted. （ C） The earths temperature will be raised. （ D） The sea level will go up. 35 Explorer of the Extreme Deep Oceans cover more than two-thirds of our planet. Yet, just a small fraction of the underwater world has
36、been explored. Now, Scientists at the Woods Holel Oceanographic Institution(WHOI)in Massachusetts are building an underwater vehicle hat will carry explorers as deep as 6, 500 meters(21, 320 feet). The new machine, known as a manned submersible or human-operated vehicle(HOV), will replace another on
37、e named Alvin which has an amazing record of discovery, playing a key role in various important and famous undersea expeditions. Alvin has been operating for 40 years but can go down only 4, 500 meters(14, 784 feet). Its about time for an upgrade, WHOI researchers say. Alvin was launched in 1964. Si
38、nce then, Alvin has worked between 200 and 250 days a year, says Daniel Fornari, a marine geologist and director of the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI. During its lifetime, Alvin has carried some 12, 000 people on a total of more than 3, 000 dives. A newer, better versions of Alvin is boun
39、d to reveal even more surprises about a world that is still full of mysteries, Fornari says. It might also make the job of exploration a little easier. “We take so much for granted on land, “ Fornari says. “We can walk around and see with our eyes how big things are. We can see colors, special arran
40、gements. “ Size-wise, the new HOV will be similar to Alvin. Itll be about 37 feet long. The setting area inside will be a small sphere, about 8 feet wide, like Alvin, itll carry a pilot and two passengers. It will be just as maneuverable. In most other ways, it will give passengers more opportunitie
41、s to enjoy the view, for one thing. Alvin has only three windows, the new vehicle will have five, with more overlap so that the passengers and the pilot can see the same thing. Alvin can go up and down at a rate of 30 meters every second, and its maximum speed is 2 knots(about 2. 3 miles per hour),
42、while the new vehicle will be able to ascend and descend at 44 meters per second. Itll reach speeds of 3 knots, or 3. 5 miles per hour. 36 What is Alvin? （ A） A research institute. （ B） A transporting vehicle. （ C） A submersible. （ D） A scientist. 37 Which of the following statements is NOT a fact a
43、bout Alvin? （ A） It can carry explorers as deep as 6, 500 meters. （ B） It has played a key role in various important undersea expeditions. （ C） It was launched in the sixties of the twentieth century. （ D） It has been used for more than 40 years. 38 “ . a world that is still full of mysteries“ refer
44、s to （ A） the earth. （ B） out space. （ C） the ocean. （ D） Mars. 39 In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar? （ A） Size. （ B） Speed. （ C） Capacity. （ D） Shape. 40 In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different? （ A） Offering better views. （ B） Speed. （ C） Size. （ D） Both A and B 40 Wher
45、e Have All the Bees Gone? Scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their hands. All across the country, honeybees are leaving their hives and never returning. Researchers call this phenomenon colony-collapse disorder. According to surveys of bee keepers across the country, 25 to 40 percen
46、t of the honeybees in the United States have vanished from their hives since last fall. So far, no one can explain why. Colony collapse is a serious concern because bees play an important role in the production of about one-third of the foods we eat. As they feed, honeybees spread pollen from flower
47、 to flower. Without this process, a plant cant produce seeds or fruits. Now, a group of scientists and beekeepers have teamed up to try to figure out whats causing the alarming collapse of so many colonies. By sharing their expertise in honeybee behavior, health, and nutrition, team members hope to
48、find out whats contributing to the decline and to prevent bee disappearance in the future. It could be that disease is causing the disappearance of the bees. To explore that possibility, Jay Evans, a researcher at the United States Department of Agriculture(USDA)Bee Research Laboratory, examines bee
49、s taken from colonies that are collapsing. “We know what a healthy bee should look like on the inside, and we can look for physical signs of disease, “ he says. And bees from collapsing colonies dont look very healthy. “Their stomachs are worn down, compared to the stomachs of healthy bees, “ Evans says. It may be that a parasite is damaging the bees digestive organs. Their immune systems may not be working as they should. Moreover, they have high le
