1、职称英语（卫生类） B级模拟试卷 39及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune. （ A） amass （ B） spread （ C） increase （ D） grow 2 He pulled out to overtake a truck. （ A） skip （ B） pass （ C） reach （ D） lead 3 He purchased a tic
2、ket and went up on the top deck. （ A） bought （ B） took （ C） showed （ D） made 4 He confesses that he has done it. （ A） agrees （ B） alleges （ C） admits （ D） answers 5 She s been deliberately ignoring him all day. （ A） sufficiently （ B） noticeably （ C） intentionally （ D） absolutely 6 She shows little r
3、egard for the feelings of others and does exactly what she wants to. （ A） feeling （ B） love （ C） consideration （ D） sense 7 Here you can see the food compactly stored in a pressurized tank. （ A） densely （ B） inexpensively （ C） quickly （ D） carefully 8 He often mocks my French accent. （ A） praise （ B
4、） belittle （ C） mark （ D） laugh at 9 Mary looked pale and weary. （ A） ill （ B） tired （ C） worried （ D） peaceful 10 We are restricted to a speed of 30 miles an hour in built-up areas. （ A） deprived （ B） forbidden （ C） required （ D） limited 11 The description about the murderer was pretty vague. （ A）
5、imprecise （ B） concise （ C） unpolished （ D） elementary 12 It is advisable to wear sunscreen when you re out in the sun. （ A） possible （ B） profitable （ C） easy （ D） sensible 13 There seemed to be no motive for the murder. （ A） reasons （ B） arguments （ C） targets （ D） stimuli 14 The house is filled w
6、ith crevices due to the attacking of the earthquake to the city last night. （ A） debris （ B） gaps （ C） constructions （ D） buildings 15 A dentist may decide to extract the tooth to prevent recurrent trouble. （ A） take out （ B） repair （ C） pull （ D） dig 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根
7、据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Stomach Ulcer Stomach ulcers are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they
8、may have found a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people. Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wou
9、nds can harm the tissue in the stomach,the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines. Fluids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or st
10、omach. This pain often is called heartburn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach t
11、issue. Now they have discovered that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or H Pilorie. H Pilorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say th
12、e discovery of a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts of Africa. Doctors say a
13、person is more likely to get an ulcer if someone in his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to re
14、duce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives. 16 In the past, doctors couldn t do anything about stomach ulcers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Now
15、doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers after many years of experiments. （ A） Rig
16、ht （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 There has been a change in doctors understanding of the cause of stomach ulcers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Stomach ulcers can lead to stomach cancer. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 People who eat a lot of spicy food are also suscepti
17、ble to stomach ulcers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Lung Cancer 1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males
18、and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years. It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts. There are many possible causes, but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy. Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the pr
19、esence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air(smoke particles, smog, exhaust fumes), and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars. 2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits. Among heavy smokers 21 to 30 cigarettes
20、per day the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers. It is expected that the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect. 3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time when an X-ray is taken for
21、 the purpose of detecting tuberculosis. Too often, however, a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer. Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibilit
22、y of cure is to be maintained. Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger, at least to those over 40 years of age, that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed. 4 A common form of lung cancer
23、 is bronchogenic carcinoma, so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus. The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked, cutting off the supply of air to that lung. The lung then collapses, and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected, with a resulting pneumonia or t
24、he formation of a lung abscess. Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body. The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure, before secondary growths have time to form, is to remove t
25、he lung completely. This operation is called pneumonectomy. 5 Malignant tumors of the stomach, the breast, the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs, causing secondary growths. A. Common Secondary Lung Cancers B. The Advantages Brought About by Routine Chest Checkup C. Relationship
26、 Between Mortality Rate From Lung Cancer and Smoking Habits D. Operable and Inoperable Lung Cancers E. The Increasing Death Rate From Lung Cancer and Possible Causes F. An Ordinary Type of Lung Cancer 23 Paragraph 1 24 Paragraph 2 25 Paragraph 3 26 Paragraph 4 26 A. before the cancer cells spread el
27、sewhere B. the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will have C. what is most responsible for lung cancer D. as some people imagine E. the more chances of getting lung cancer he will have F. which form of lung cancer is a common one 27 Routine X-ray chest examination is not so dangerous_. 28
28、A primary lung cancer patient may be cured by removing the lung completely 29 People are still not sure_. 30 The more cigarettes one smokes, _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Prolonging Human Life Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human popul
29、ation. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion
30、. Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In time
31、s of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many
32、people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on s
33、ocial security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often “go on welfare“ if they have a serious illness. When older people become senile
34、or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sic
35、k or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply “dumping g
36、rounds“ for the dying in which “care“ is given by poorly paid, overworked, and underskilled personnel. 31 The writer believes that the population explosion results from_. （ A） an increase in birthrates （ B） the industrial development （ C） a decrease in death rates （ D） cultural advances 32 It can be
37、 inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures_. （ A） it was a moral responsibility to keep old-aged people alive （ B） infants could be left dead in times of starvation （ C） parents had to impart the cultural wisdom of the tribe to their children （ D） death was considered to be fr
38、eedom from hardships 33 According to the passage, which of the following statements about retired people in the United States is true? （ A） Many of them have a very hard life. （ B） They cannot live a decent life without enough bank savings. （ C） They rely mainly on their children for financial suppo
39、rt. （ D） Most of them live with their children and therefore are well looked after. 34 In Paragraph 3 , the phrase “this need“ refers to_. （ A） the need to prolong the lives of old people （ B） the need to enrich the life of the retired people （ C） the need to build profit-making nursing homes （ D） t
40、he need to take care of a sick and weak person 35 Which of the following best describes the writer s attitude toward most of the nursing homes, and convalescent hospitals? （ A） Sympathetic. （ B） Unfriendly. （ C） Optimistic. （ D） Critical. 35 Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics Most ol
41、d people with so-called type II diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week, according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday. Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Cop
42、enhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet s Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body s ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent, the newspaper reported. This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said. Researchers h
43、ad a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II, all more than 60 years of age, exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months. After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked. As
44、sociate Professor Dr. Flemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics Had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non-exercising persons. “ This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups. Physical exercise cannot cure peop
45、le of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,“ Dela was quoted as saying. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, controlling sugar in the body
46、and used against diabetes. Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat, but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise. Most diabetics realise that they have to w
47、atch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise, Dela added. 36 How could most elderly type II diabetics stop taking insulin? （ A） By taking more salt than usual. （ B） By taking less salt than usual. （ C） By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week. （ D
48、） By going climbing, swimming or boxing every day. 37 Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin by_. （ A） 70 percent （ B） 30 percent （ C） 60 percent （ D） only a few percent 38 The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospital included_. （ A） eld
49、erly non-diabetic men （ B） elderly type II diabetic men （ C） both sexes of all ages （ D） both A and B 39 To what a degree have diabetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect? （ A） To the degree where they begin to sweat. （ B） To the degree where they feel exhausted. （ C） To the point when they feel thirsty. （ D） To the point when they have to take insulin. 40 According to Dela, among most diabetics the importance of exercise is_the importance of watching their diet.
