1、职称英语（卫生类） B级模拟试卷 5及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 These are their motives for doing it. （ A） reasons （ B） excuses （ C） answers （ D） plans 2 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west. （ A） twists （ B） stretches （ C） broadens （ D）
2、bends 3 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs. （ A） abuse （ B） flavor （ C） temptation （ D） consumption 4 These programmes are of immense value to old people. （ A） natural （ B） fatal （ C） tiny （ D） enormous 5 A great deal has been done to remedy the situation. （ A） maintain （ B） improve （ C） assess （
3、 D） protect 6 John is collaborating with Mary in writing an article. （ A） cooperating （ B） competing （ C） combining （ D） arguing 7 He is determined to consolidate his power. （ A） strengthen （ B） control （ C） abandon （ D） exercise 8 Many scientists have been probing psychological problems. （ A） solvi
4、ng （ B） exploring （ C） settling （ D） handling 9 Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet and exercise habits. （ A） removed （ B） cured （ C） worsened （ D） relieved 10 And the cars are tested for defects before leaving the factory. （ A） functions （ B） motions （ C） faults （ D） parts 11 The
5、food is insufficient for three people. （ A） instant （ B） infinite （ C） inexpensive （ D） inadequate 12 Thousands of people perished in the storm. （ A） died （ B） suffered （ C） floated （ D） scattered 13 But in the end he approved of our proposal. （ A） undoubtedly （ B） certainly （ C） ultimately （ D） nec
6、essarily 14 For young children, getting dressed is a complicated business. （ A） strange （ B） complex （ C） personal （ D） funny 15 In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management. （ A） evaluation （ B） efficiency （ C） production （ D） publicity 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面
7、的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Could you imagine having a cut heal almost overnight(一夜之情 )? Scientists at the University of California in San Francisco have isolated(分离 ) a sub- stance in rabbits that can heal wounds in half the time! The
8、 substance, called angiogenesis(血管生成因子 ) factor, stimulates the growth of blood vessels after injury. Blood vessels are essential to recovery because they carry oxygen and nutrients to cells that both kill germs and repair tissues. All mammals(哺乳动物 ), from rats to whales to human beings, carry this
9、substance in their bodies. Further research may permit scientists to create artificial angiogenesis factor in the laboratory. Angiogenesis factor, scientists say, would be of value to patients undergoing organ transplants and skin grafts because rapid healing would reduce the time during which infec
10、tion could strike. The substance could also help “slow healer,“ such as diabetics, the aged, and the very ill. Cancer researchers are also interested in angiogenesis factor because tumors, like other tissues, depend on blood vessels for growth. Scientists believe that angiogenesis factor may cause t
11、his same blood vessel growth in tumors. If antibodies (special body substances that fight disease) against the factor could be found, cancerous tumors could be starved and destroyed. 16 Angiogenesis factor is a substance that can promote rapid healing of wounds. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentio
12、ned （ D） A 17 Research into angiogenesis takes a long time to go from the first trials to genera use. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned （ D） C 18 All mammals, except human beings, have angiogenesis factor in their bodies. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned （ D） B 19 Scientists hold that
13、 angiogenesis factor can never be produced artificially in the laboratory. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned （ D） B 20 Tissues can be repaired by oxygen and nutrients carried by blood vessels. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned （ D） A 21 The manufactures are seeking approval to put this
14、 new discovery on the market. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned （ D） C 22 Scientists believe that if someday antibodies against angiogenesis factor can be found there will be a new way to destroy cancerous cells. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned （ D） A 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8
15、分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Surgery is the branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of disease, deformities, or injuries by operations. The doctor who performs the operation is called a surgeon. Every physician has so
16、me training in surgery and is qualified to perform simple operations. But surgeons are specially trained so that they have the judgment and skill to perform complicated operations. 2. Modern surgery stresses accurate diagnosis of the disease and proper care of the patient before and after the operat
17、ion. Thus, the surgeon not only needs to know how to perform an operation, but also must have a wide knowledge of anatomy, physiology, chemistry, and pathology. Five to eight years of training after medical school are necessary for physicians to qualify as surgeons. 3. A surgical operation is compli
18、cated.Many people, medicines, equipment, and techniques help assure the greatest possible safety and comfort for the patient. The elimination of pain, the prevention of infection, and advanced means of diagnosis are all part of modern surgery. A qualified surgical team is essential to the success of
19、 both the operation and the patient s recovery. This team usually consists of a surgeon, at least one assistant, an anesthesiologist, and one or more nurses. 4. A surgeon uses many instruments in the course of an operation. These instruments include holders for needles and sponges, clamps to close o
20、ff blood vessels, and retractors to hold back folds of skin. Sharp instruments include scissors and scalpels. Since the 1970 s, lasers have been used to make delicate cuts in body tissues. Doctors use the high- energy light of the laser to cut tissue by burning fine lines in the skin or other organs
21、. 5. A surgeon can remove a long section of diseased intestine and sew the remaining intestinal sections together. The body will function normally after the operation. A kidney, or even a major part of the stomach, can be removed by an operation. In heart surgery, a doctor may replace one of the hea
22、rt valves with an artificial one. Extensive surgery on the lungs and ribs is often part of the treatment of cancer. Sometimes an en- tire diseased lung is removed.A neurosurgeon can remove brain tumors and repair head injuries. Transplanting organs involves taking a healthy organ from one person and
23、 using it to replace the diseased organ in another person. The kidney is a commonly transplant- ed organ. The transplanted tissue must closely match that of the patient, or the patient s body will reject the new organ. 6. In microsurgery, the surgeon operates while viewing the procedure through a mi
24、croscope or magnifying glass. This technique enables physicians to perform operations on some of the tiniest body structures. For example, surgeons can rejoin extremely small blood vessels and nerves by using this technique. Such surgery has led to the successful reattachment of severed fingers, han
25、ds, and even arms and legs. Doctors also use micro- surgery to operate on the delicate structures in the eye, the kidney, the brain, and many other parts of the body. 23 A. Modern techniques enable the surgeon to operate successfully upon all parts of the human body B. Surgeons are especially traine
26、d so that they are skill- fully qualified for the performance of complicated operations C. An entire stomach can not be removed even in modem surgery D. The various mechanical instruments used in the course of a surgical operation E. For a physician requires eight years of training in a medical scho
27、ol F. The elimination of pain, the prevention of infection, and advanced means, of diagnosis are prerequisites to the success of an operation 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 27 A. sewn in modern surgery B. they can perform more complicated operations C. the patien
28、t that in transplanted D. before and after the operation E. disease, deformities, or injuries by operations F. the study of body structure 27 Surgeons differ form physicians in that 28 A surgeon is a doctor who treats 29 Modern surgery calls for accurate diagnosis and proper care of the patient 30 A
29、 long section of diseased intestine can be removed and the remaining intestinal sec- tions 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 A study that will cost $ 3.2 billion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 U. S. children from before birth to age
30、 21 will be launched in January, U. S. health officials said on Friday. Officials from the U. S. governments National Institutes of Health said they hope the study, to be conducted at 105 locations throughout the United States, can help identify early-life influences that affect later development, w
31、ith the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness. The study will examine hereditary and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health. Researchers will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of t
32、he women and their babies including air, water, dust and materials used to construct their residences, the NIH said. Officials said more than $ 200 million has been spent already and the study is projected to cost $ 3.2 billion. “We anticipate that in the long term, what we learn from the study will
33、 result in a significant savings in the nations health care costs,“ Dr. Duane Alexander, who heads the NIH s Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, told reporters. The study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai Scho
34、ol of Medicine in New York start signing up pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21. Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth, which has become more common in recent years, according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH, who heads the study. The people ta
35、king part will be from rural, urban and suburban areas, from all in- come and educational levels and from all racial groups, the NIH said. 31 The aim of the study is to find new ways to_. （ A） conduct research （ B） track public health （ C） prevent or treat illness （ D） speed up development 32 Resear
36、chers will collect all the following EXCEPT_. （ A） genetic samples from people in the study （ B） biological samples from people in the study （ C） samples from the homes of the women and their babies （ D） samples of air and water from hospitals 33 It is expected that through the study the nations hea
37、lth care costs_. （ A） will be lowered in the long run （ B） will be significantly increased （ C） will be more than $ 200 million （ D） will reach $ 3.2 billion 34 The babies of the participants will be followed_. （ A） throughout their lives （ B） for more than two decades （ C） from birth to 21 months （
38、 D） until they get married 35 Which is NOT true of the people in the study? （ A） Theyll be from various areas. （ B） They 11 be from all income levels. （ C） Theyll be from all educational levels. （ D） Theyll be from all age groups. 36 Speech therapists divide their cases into common and complex. An e
39、xample of a complex case is a person suffering from aphasia.This is the loss of the ability to under- stand and/or use speech. There are many causes of aphasia, including partial brain dam- age that leaves the individual with the physical ability to speak. If the individual is able to speak but does
40、 not, the therapist must determine the cause of such conduct. Often, speech therapists determine that problems are emotional and refer the individuals with such problems to psychologists or psychiatrists trained to help them. While a speech therapist is not trained to help persons with severe emotio
41、nal disorders, the therapist does receive extensive training in such areas as anatomy(as it relates to speech, concentrating on the diaphragm, tongue, and palate), physics(particularly relating to sound), and language and communications. Some therapists take classes in elementary psychology as well.
42、 The speech therapist must be able to diagnose the type and severity of the speech defect, then prescribe a series of treatments. While some people with severe handicaps receive individual instruction, most patients are comfortable receiving group therapy with others who have the same problem. If a
43、patient is found to have a physical handicap that is impeding his progress, he is sent to a doctor with whom the therapist works closely. Many therapists have a high success rate with their patients. No scientific studies have yet shown whether the intervention of the therapist was in fact the sole
44、cause of the improvement of the patients, or whether time and maturity helped as well. A recent study has shown that persons who have not received speech therapy have often been “cured of their problems merely by being around others without the problem. However, that same study showed that those few
45、 persons who were not treated by therapists had extremely low self-esteem and considered themselves “ different“ and “retarded“. The therapists often are able to make the patients see that while they are different, the difference is not of their own making, that they have not done something wrong. T
46、herapists try to reach children when they are very young, before they have had an opportunity to be teased by other children or made to feel they are “stupid“. Therapists often work with whole families, encouraging the parents and siblings to listen to the patients, taking the time to help them feel
47、 they are an important part of the family, not just brushing them off because the effort of interpreting their speech is too great or time-consuming. 36 Which of the following is not listed as a function of the speech therapist? （ A） To diagnose the nature and severity of the defect. （ B） To determi
48、ne the cause of aphasia in children who are physically capable of speech. （ C） To give emotional support to a child, showing her that the defect is not fault of her own. （ D） To prescribe medication that will help the patient relax and use her speech muscles properly. 37 Which of the following would
49、 be the best title for this passage? （ A） Causes and Cures of Speech Defects （ B） Training Requirements for Speech Therapists （ C） The Duties of Speech Therapists （ D） The History of Speech Therapy 38 From the passage, you may infer that group therapy is given to the majority of people because_. （ A） it is cheaper （ B） it is less time-consuming （ C） it helps the patients feel they are not alone with their speech defects （ D） it helps the patients learn from the others 39 You may infer that the author feels that
