1、职称英语（卫生类） C级模拟试卷 11及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 A new system of quality control was brought in to overcome the defects in the firms products. （ A） invested （ B） introduced （ C） installed （ D） insisted 2 The old concerns lose importance and
2、some of them vanish altogether. （ A） develop （ B） disappear （ C） link （ D） renew 3 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance. （ A） beats （ B） matches （ C） maintains （ D） announces 4 The government is debating the education laws. （ A） disc
3、ussing （ B） defeating （ C） delaying （ D） declining 5 They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year. （ A） goods （ B） soil （ C） climate （ D） harvest 6 The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center. （ A） get rid of （ B） set up （ C） repair （ D） pa
4、int 7 During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation. （ A） permanent （ B） powerful （ C） striking （ D） practical 8 It is out of the question that the inspector will come tomorrow. （ A） impossible （ B） possible （ C） probable （ D） likely 9 Techniques to employ
5、 the energy of the sun are being developed. （ A） convert （ B） store （ C） use （ D） receive 10 Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices. （ A） slight （ B） surprising （ C） sudden （ D） harmful 11 Cement was seldom used in building
6、the Middle Ages. （ A） crudely （ B） rarely （ C） originally （ D） occasionally 12 Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches. （ A） conventionally （ B） obviously （ C） especially （ D） inevitably 13 We were astonished to hear that their football
7、 team had won the champion. （ A） amazed （ B） amounted （ C） amused （ D） approached 14 There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country. （ A） a steady （ B） a plentiful （ C） an extra （ D） a stable 15 The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources. （ A） p
8、uzzling （ B） difficult （ C） terrifying （ D） urgent 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选 择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Look After Your Voice Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the pr
9、oblem by activating the saliva in your mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or, press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice. Before you begi
10、n your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks that coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish usin
11、g paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice. What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol bef
12、ore speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. Two drinks gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until a
13、fter you finish speaking. Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, “we learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter.“ Take this message to hea
14、rt and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body. 16 To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） No
15、t mentioned 17 The first paragraph mentions three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The writers advice about alco
16、hol before you make a speech is to take one or two drinks so as to give yourself some confidence. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Geothe often did outdoor s
17、kating and swimming. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The writer cites Geothe to prove that one can change ones habits. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳
18、选项。 23 1. Humans not only love eating ice cream, they enjoy feeding it to their pets(宠物 ). Market studies show that two thirds of all dog owners give ice cream ot their dogs. Unfortunately, says William Tyznik, an expert on animal nutrition(营养 )at Ohio State University, ice cream is not good for dog
19、s. “It has milk sugar in it, “he says,“ which dogs cannot digest very well.“ 2. Bothered by that knowledge but aware of the desire of dog owners to please their companions, Tyznik invented a new frozen treat for dogs that, he says, is more nutritious than ice cream-and as much fun to eat. The produc
20、t, called Frosty Paws, is made of a liquid by-product(副产品 )of cheese and milk with the sugar removed. Frosty Paws also contains refined soy flour, water, vegetable oil, vitamins and minerals. It took Tyznik, who has also invented a horse feed (called Tizwhiz) and another dog food (named Tizbits), th
21、ree years to perfect the Frosty Paws formulas, and two attempts to commercialise it. After losing 25,000 trying to market the invention himself, Tyznik sold the rights to Associated Ice Cream of Westerville, Ohio, which makes the product and packages it in cups. 3. Tyznik claims that Frosty Paws has
22、 been tested extensively and that “dogs love it“. Of 1,400 dogs that have been offered the product, he says, 89 percent took it on the first try. Three out of four preferred it to Milk-Bone or sausages. The product, which will be available in the ice-cream section of supermarkets, comes in packs of
23、three or four cups, costing between 1.79. 4. What would happen if a human should mistake Frosty Paws for real ice cream? Nothing, says Tyznik. Its harmless, but frankly, he says, it wont taste very good. 23 A. The price of Frosty Paws. B. No harm to human. C. The creation of a new kind of ice cream
24、for dogs. D. Harm to human. E. Feeding ice-creams to dogs. F. Attraction to dogs. 23 Para 1 _. 24 Para 2 _. 25 Para 3 _. 26 Para 4 _. 27 A. cups B. roads C. sugar D. products E. by-products F. supermarkets. 27 Dogs cant digest _ very well. 28 The ice cream for dogs is made of a liquid _. 29 The ice
25、cream can be bought in _. 30 It is sold in packs of 3 or 4 _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 lacking a care for AIDS, society must offer education, not only by public pronouncement but in classrooms. Those with AIDS or those at high risk of AIDS suffer prejudi
26、ce, they are feared by some people who find living itself unsafe, while others conduct themselves with a “bravado(冒险心理 )“that could be fatal. AIDS has afflicted a society already short on humbanism, open-handedness and optimism. Attempts to strike it out with the offending microbe are not abetted(教唆
27、 )by pre-existing social ills. Such concerns impelled me to offer the first university-level undergraduate AIDS course, with its two important aims: To address the fact that AIDS is caused by a virus, not by moral failure or social collapse. The proper response to AIDS is compassion coupled with an
28、understanding of the disease itself. We wanted to foster(help the growth of) the idea of a humane society. To describe how AIDS tests the institutions upon which our society rests. The economy, the political system, science, the legal Establishment, the media and our moral ethical-philosophical atti
29、tudes must respond to the disease. Those responses, whispered, or shrieked, easily accepted or highly controversial, must be put in order if the nation is to manage AIDS. Scholars have suggested that how a society deals with the threat of AIDS describes the extent to which that society has the right
30、 to call itself civilized. AIDS, then, is woven into the tapestry(挂毯 )of modern society; in the course of explaining that tapestry, a teacher realizes that AIDS may bring about changes of historic proportions. Democracy obliges its educational system to prepare students to become informed citizens,
31、to join their voices to the public debate in spried by AIDS. Who shall direct just what resources of manpower and money to the problem of AIDS? Even more basic, who shall formulate a national policy on AIDS? The educational challenge, then, is to enlighten(启发 )the individual and the social, or publi
32、c , responses to AIDS. 31 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） Why education must be offered about AIDS. （ B） How to achieve the aims of AIDS courses. （ C） Risks associated with AIDS. （ D） Social responses to AIDS. 32 Why did the author offer the AIDS course? （ A） He wanted to teach people about a
33、 cure for AIDS. （ B） People need to be taught how to avoid those with AIDS. （ C） He wanted to teach the students that AIDS resulted from moral failure. （ D） People take improper attitudes towards AIDS and those with or at high risk of AIDS. 33 The word “afflict“ in the third sentence of the first pa
34、ragraph most probably means _. （ A） benefit （ B） cause suffering to （ C） teach （ D） draw attention from 34 What does the author think is the correct response to AIDS? （ A） Fear and contempt. （ B） Optimism and bravado. （ C） Under standing and compassion. （ D） Resentment and avoidance. 35 Which of the
35、 following can best explain “AIDS tests the institutions upon which our society rests“ according to the passage? （ A） AIDS is a sign of moral failure and social collapse. （ B） AIDS indicates that our social systems have been vey inefficient. （ C） The responses of a society to the threat of AIDS dete
36、rmines whether and to what extent the society can be called civilized. （ D） The spreading of the fatal disease suggests that the nations resources have been wrongly used. 36 “Wash every day and youll die young, my son!“ People often said those words; long ago, of course. Napoleons wife had new cloth
37、es every month, instead of a bath. (“Its quicker,“ She always said). Rich people did not often have a bath. They washed their hands and faces, but not their bodies. Many poor people did not wash at all. A young man once said to a doctor; “Soap and water have never touched my body.“ (And the doctor a
38、nswered. “Thats true. I know. “) why didnt people wash in those days long ago? Well, they did not have water in their house. They carried water from rivers or from holes in the ground ( = wells). Towns people bought it from a water-carrier. Sometimes it was expensive; and soap was always expensive.
39、They drank water, of course; and so they were clean inside. They did not think about the outside! And this is true; they just did not like a bath. Modern life is different. We use a lot of soap and water. And we are all quite clean. However, a few people use too much soap; and they often get ill. Wh
40、o are these people? Many young women work as hairdressers. They wash and then “dress“ other womens hair. That is their job, and they like it. Young hairdressers sometimes wash dirty heads on a busy day! Their hands are soapy for seven or eight hours; and that is not a good thing. A young hairdresser
41、s hands are often red and ugly; and she must then go to doctor. 36 Long ago, people _. （ A） often died young （ B） did not often have a bath （ C） washed every day （ D） washed every day and died young 37 The doctor answered that _. （ A） he knew the young man was dirty （ B） it was true that the young m
42、an was ill （ C） soap and water were not good fo his illness （ D） he knew the young man never washed his body 38 People didnt wash in those days because _. （ A） they had no water in their houses （ B） they had to buy water from a water-carrier and it was expensive （ C） soap was expensive, too （ D） all
43、 of the above 39 People in those days _. （ A） didnt think about the outside of their houses （ B） only thought about the inside of their houses （ C） didnt like to wash their bodies at all （ D） only liked to wash their hands and faces 40 Who are the people that use too much soap in modern life? （ A） H
44、airdressers. （ B） Many young women. （ C） People whose hands are red and ugly. （ D） People whose hands are soapy. 41 American society is not nap(午睡 )friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. “Theres even a prohibition against admitt
45、ing we need sleep“. Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: “Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven“ Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. “we have to totally change our attitude
46、 toward napping“, says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt“ which one member said was a important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepines
47、s people causing industrial accidents of failing asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the Whiter House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze(打瞌睡 )every afternoon. About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the oppo
48、rtunity. We seem to have “a mid-afternoon quiet phase“ also called “a secondary sleep gate.“ Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. We Superstars of snooze dont nap to replace lost shuteye or to prepare for a nig
49、ht shift. Rather, we “snack“ on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds and in libraries, offices and museums. 41 It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is _. （ A） unreasonable （ B） criminal （ C） harmful （ D） costly 42 The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans _. （ A） dont like to take naps （ B） are terribly wor
