1、职称英语（卫生类） C级模拟试卷 28及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Although originally a German innovation, kindergarten got its real start in the United States as a movement to provide an improved learning environment for children. （ A） an easy （ B） a playfu
2、l （ C） an open （ D） a better 2 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance. （ A） beats （ B） matches （ C） maintains （ D） announces 3 The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp response from the North, which led to the America
3、n Civil War. （ A） demanded （ B） elicited （ C） extracted （ D） defied 4 What were the effects of the decision she made? （ A） reasons （ B） results （ C） causes （ D） bases 5 The towers of a suspension bridge serve as a rigid framework to which the cables are attached. （ A） boundary （ B） skeleton （ C） enc
4、losure （ D） material 6 The staff of the company are always courteous and helpful. （ A） efficient （ B） respectable （ C） well-informed （ D） respectful 7 The new job will provide you with invaluable experience. （ A） simply useless （ B） really practical （ C） very little （ D） extremely useful 8 The whole
5、 idea to build a deluxe hotel here sounds insane to me. （ A） reasonable （ B） sensible （ C） crazy （ D） unbelievable 9 In his two-hour-long lecture he made an exhaustive analysis of the issue. （ A） extremely thorough （ B） long and boring （ C） superficial （ D） unconvincing 10 They had a far better yiel
6、d than any other farm miles away around this year. （ A） goods （ B） soil （ C） climate （ D） harvest 11 The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center. （ A） get rid of （ B） set up （ C） repair （ D） paint 12 During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the inter
7、national situation. （ A） permanent （ B） powerful （ C） striking （ D） practical 13 Not all member states abided by the principle they had agreed on previously. （ A） adhered to （ B） abandoned （ C） applied （ D） adopted 14 Examination papers of the class were marked without bias. （ A） immediately （ B） co
8、rrectly （ C） fairly （ D） carefully 15 The construction of the railway is said to have been terminated. （ A） resumed （ B） put an end to （ C） suspended （ D） re-scheduled 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Easy L
9、earning Students should be jealous. Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but theyve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep. By the time babies are a year old they can recognize a lot of sounds and even simple words. Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finland suspect
10、ed that they might progress this fast be cause they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake. To test the theory, Cheour and their colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the first days of their lives. They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel soundsone that soun
11、ds like “oo“, another like “ee“ and a third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish and similar languages that sounds like something in between. EEG recording of the infants brains before and after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds. Fifteen of the babies then went back
12、 with their mothers, while the rest were split into two sleep study groups. One group was exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others listened to the other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds. When tested in the morning, and again in the evening, the
13、 babies whod heard the tricky boundary vowels all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognize this sound. They could identify the sound even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all. Cheour doesnt know how babies
14、accomplish this nighttime learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies dont “turn off“ their cerebral cortex while they sleep. The skill probably fades in the course of the first years of life, she adds-so forget the idea that you can pick up the tric
15、ky French vowels as an adult just by slipping a language tape under your pillow. But while it may not help grown-ups, Cheour is hoping to use the sleeping hours to give re medial help to babies who are genetically at risk of language disorders. 16 Babies can learn language even in their sleep. （ A）
16、Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 An infant can recognize a lot of vowels by the time he or she is a year old. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Finish vowels are easy to distinguish. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The three vowels mentioned in this article are all Finnis
17、h sounds. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The study shows that the infants cerebral cortex is working while he is asleep. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 If an adult wants to learn a language faster, he can put a language tape under his pillow. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not
18、mentioned 22 Cheours finding is worthless. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所 给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Health Education Health education is the part of health care that is concerned w
19、ith promoting healthy behavior. A persons behavior may be the main cause of a health problem, but it can also be the main solution. This is true for the teenager who smokes, the mother with the poorly nourished (营养 ) child, and the butcher (屠夫，卖肉的人 ) who gets a cut on his finger. By changing their b
20、ehavior these individuals can solve and prevent many of their own problems. Health education does not replace other health services, but it is needed to promote the proper use of these services. One example of this is immunization(免疫 ) : scientists have made many vaccines(疫苗 ) to prevent diseases, b
21、ut this achievement is of no value unless people go to receive immunization. Health education encourages behavior that promotes health, prevent illness, cures disease and contributes to recovery. The needs and interests of individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities are at the hear
22、t of health education programs. Thus there are many opportunities for practicing health education. Health education is not the same thing as health information. Correct information is certainly a basic part of health education, but health education must also address the other factors that affect hea
23、lth behavior such as availability (可获性 ) of resources, effectiveness of community leadership, social support from family members, and levels of self-help skills. Health education therefore uses a variety of methods to help people understand their own situations and choose actions that will improve t
24、heir health. Health education is incomplete unless it encourages involvement and choice by the people themselves. Also, in health education we do not blame people if they do not behave in a healthy way. Often unhealthy behavior is not the fault of the individual. In health education we must work wit
25、h families, communities, and even regional authorities to make sure that resources and support are available to enable each individual to lead a healthy life. A. Importance of immunization B. Relationship with other health services C. Creation of necessary conditions for healthy behavior D. Encourag
26、ing unhealthy behavior E. Encouragement of behavior good for your health F. Addressing a variety of behavior-affecting factors 23 Paragraph 2 _. 24 Paragraph 3 _. 25 Paragraph 4 _. 26 Paragraph 5 _. 26 A. disease prevention B. health education C. healthy behavior D. unhealthy behavior E. other healt
27、h services F. many vaccines 27 Promoting healthy behavior is the goal of _. 28 Immunization contributes to _. 29 Health education cannot take the place of _. 30 Individuals should be provided with necessary conditions for _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Irra
28、diated Food Irradiating (照射 )fruits, vegetable, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval dose not require that industry adopt
29、the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products. Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated food may cause cancer, despite scientific studied that prove the safety of treated food. Some people argue that more severe government inspection,
30、 higher food-safety standards, and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies cur rently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting(配备 ) processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that ve
31、ry few shoppers are in favor of. All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging or in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants
32、or hospitals that buy directly from distributors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients. Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with types of radiation-gamma rays, high-energy electrons, and X-rays-and sets limits on doses(辐射量 ) depending on the type of food. The
33、 principle is that the does to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their different molecular(分子 ) compositions, may require different doses of radiation. 31 Acc
34、ording to the passage, killing insets and bacteria present in food by irradiating _. （ A） has been completely approved by the FDA （ B） is being reviewed by the FDA （ C） is not completely approved by the U. S. government （ D） has been widely adopted in the U. S. 32 Which of the following statements a
35、bout the consumers attitude toward irradiated foods is NOT true? （ A） Many consumers are afraid that irradiated foods may cause cancer. （ B） Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods. （ C） Some consumers suggest a more severe government inspection be taken. （ D） Most consumers we
36、lcome the food processing companies outfitted with irradiated equipment. 33 What does “ processing plants“ in the second paragraph most probably refer to? （ A） Market information processers. （ B） Food-processing factories. （ C） Business companies. （ D） Supermarket. 34 Irradiated food has to be label
37、ed when _. （ A） it is sold at the supermarket （ B） it is served at the restaurants （ C） it is provided in the hospitals （ D） it is produced at the factories 35 Which of the following best reflects the content of the passage? （ A） Although FDA does not approve irradiated food, consumers accept irradi
38、ated food. （ B） Neither FDA approves irradiated food, nor do consumers accept irradiated food. （ C） FDA approves irradiated food to some extend, but irradiated food is not widely accepted. （ D） Both FDA and consumers think that irradiated food is not safe. 35 Focus on preventing disease As we have s
39、een, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease-especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Ima
40、gine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有营养的 ) foods, who feels ok but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pai
41、ns or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier. The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “n
42、ot ill“ and someone who is excellent health and pays attention to the bodys special needs. Both types have simply been called “well“. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well“ and “wellness“ only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve
43、their bodys condition. Most importantly, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷 ) may be “well“, in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can i
44、n the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness“ may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on he
45、althy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the way in which people face the challenges of daily life. 36 We can learn from the passage that today medical care focuses on _. （ A） curing disease and keeping people in healthy physical conditions （ B） monitoring patien
46、ts body functions （ C） removing peoples bad living habits （ D） ensuring peoples psychological well-being 37 The first paragraph implies that _. （ A） good health is more than not being ill （ B） sleeping a lot could be harmful （ C） regular health checks are essential to keeping fit （ D） prevention is
47、more difficult than care 38 According to the second paragraph about the traditional care, which statement is true? （ A） If the person does not have any unhealthy living habits, he is considered “well“. （ B） If the person does not have any psychological disease, he is considerer “welt“. （ C） If the p
48、erson could be able to handle his daily routines, he is considerer “well“. （ D） If the person could be free from any kind of disease, he is considerer “well“. 39 According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness“ is for people _. （ A） to best satisfy their bodys special needs （ B） to strive to
49、maintain the best possible health （ C） to meet the strictest standards of bodily health （ D） to keep a proper balance between work and leisure 40 What is the authors purpose in writing this article? （ A） To criticize the traditional view of the medical care. （ B） To compare the differences between the modern medical care and the traditional medical care. （ C） To tell us the change of the focus of medical care. （ D） To tell us the importance of the med
