1、职称英语（卫生类） C级模拟试卷 42及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Can you do the task alone, or do you want anyone to assist you? （ A） aim （ B） help （ C） show （ D） guide 2 I was most surprised to hear Susans marriage. （ A） very （ B） really （ C） more （ D） lea
2、st 3 Our new house is on the first floor. （ A） bottom （ B） third （ C） ground （ D） top 4 Who is the head of this delegation? （ A） captain （ B） leader （ C） best （ D） capital 5 I asked Lily whether she wanted to go swimming with me and she nodded. （ A） shook （ B） disagreed （ C） agreed （ D） smiled 6 Alm
3、ost everyone at the meeting has different views. （ A） scenery （ B） sight （ C） understandings （ D） opinions 7 I will take up teaching this September. （ A） start （ B） get off （ C） capture （ D） pick up 8 Dont be afraid. I am not going to hurt you. （ A） fear （ B） astonished （ C） shocked （ D） frightened
4、9 Last winter,she bought a pair of beautiful boots. （ A） gloves （ B） shoes （ C） trousers （ D） sunglasses 10 We cannot go on quarrelling like this. （ A） choose （ B） prepare （ C） continue （ D） advise 11 As he is going to work in Holland for two years,he will be parted from his two children. （ A） staye
5、d （ B） separated （ C） far （ D） worked 12 The game requires us to find out two simple but effective ways to solve this problem. （ A） efficient （ B） clever （ C） stupid （ D） easy 13 As he wanted to watch the tennis final of the Olympic Games, he left a pile of dishes unwashed in the kitchen. （ A） numbe
6、r （ B） stack （ C） group （ D） crowd 14 If no one objects, Mr. Ben will be the next chairman. （ A） disagrees （ B） approves （ C） rejects （ D） refuses 15 It is obvious that it has been too late to take action. （ A） true （ B） certain （ C） said （ D） apparent 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请
7、根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 How Men Face the Fat Problem It is a pleasure to see men of a certain age worrying about their weight. Listening to them is not such a pleasure. Because the men are new at the game, they dont hesitate to discuss the fat p
8、roblem incessandy. However, women of the same age do not discuss the fat problem, especially not in mixed company. They prefer to face the problem with quiet dignity. Discussing the problem might only draw attention to some stray body part that may be successfully tucked away under an article of clo
9、thing. The age at which a man begins to explore the fat problem can vary. The actual problem can manifest itself in the early 30s, but broad-range discussion usually starts later. There are early nonverbal symptoms. Ive watched the rugged journalist who shares my apartment sneak by with a Diet Coke.
10、 His shirts are no longer neady tucked in to display a trim waist. Recendy he has begun to verbalize his anxiety. He tells me, with a sheepish grin, that he is taking his suits to Chinatown to have them “tailored“. Still-older men have lost their dignity and ratde on unabashedly. Often, wives and ch
11、ildren play important roles in their fat-inspection rituals. Take my oldest brother, a former college football player. His daughter says that several times a day he will stand at attention and call out, “Fat, medium or thin?“ She knows the correct answer: medium. Thin would be an obvious stretch, an
12、d fat may not get her that new video. According to his wife, he stands in front of the mirror in the morning(before the days meals take their toll), puts his hands behind his head and lurches into a side bend, then clutches the roll that has developed and says, “Am I getting fatter?“ His wife is exp
13、ected to answer, “You look like you may have lost a few pounds. “ And then there are the ex-husbands, a pitiful group. They are extremely vocal. When I go to the movies with one, he confides that he is suffering from great hunger because he is dieting. He hasnt eaten since the pancakes and sausages
14、he wolfed down that morning. He pauses in his monologue while he buys his popcorn. After the movie, we sprint to a restaurant, where he again pauses to devour a basket of bread. Before he orders his chaste salad and soup, he grows plaintive. Do I think hes fat? 16 Men of a certain age are always rea
15、dy to talk about their fat problem. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Women of a certain age do not discuss the fat problem, especially in the presence of men. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Men usually begin to worry about their weight when they are nearly 40. （ A） Right （ B）
16、 Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The journalist used to drink Diet Coke and tuck his shirts in order to keep trim. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Men older than the journalist never hesitate to talk about their fat problem yet would be displeased if their family members tell them the truth.
17、 （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 My oldest brothers daughter would not tell her father he is fat because she loves him so much that she cannot bear to upset him. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The ex-husbands are pitiful because they have got no wives to sympathize with thei
18、r fat problem. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个 句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Intelligence: a Changed View 1 Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity,some faculty of the mind that
19、we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its value therefore, was as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for differen
20、t types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education
21、. 2 Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years,research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on a-chiev
22、ement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates. 3 There are evidences that support the view that we have to distin
23、guish between genetic intelligence and observed intelligence. Any deficiency in the appropriate genes will restrict development no matter how stimulating the environment. We cannot observe and measure innate intelligence, whereas we can measure the effects of the interaction of whatever is inherited
24、 with whatever stimulation has been received from the environment. Researches have been investigation what happens in this interaction. 4 Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firsdy, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life.
25、It is estimated that 50 per cent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, the most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between “p
26、rivileged“ and “disadvantaged“ children may be due to the latters lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences. 5 These research findings have led to a revision in our understanding of the nature of intelligence. Instead of it being some largely inherited fi
27、xed power of the mind,we now see it as a set of developed skills which a person copes with any environment. These skills have to be learned and, indeed, one of them is learning how to learn. 6 The modern ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system.
28、In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label “low IQ“which must inevitably condemn a child in his own,if not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intell
29、igent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people. A Main results of recent researches B Popular doubt about the new view C Effect of environment on intelligence D Intelligence and achievement E Impact on school education F A changed view of intel
30、ligence 23 paragraph 2_ 24 paragraph 4_ 25 paragraph 5 _ 26 paragraph 6_ 26 A born to be more intelligent or less intelligent B have a better chance to develop his intelligence C taught to be more intelligent D that intelligence was something a baby was born with E and because of the lack of communi
31、cation with his classmates F and partly has to do with a childs living environment 27 It was once believed_, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence. 28 More recent researches has shown that intelligence is only partly inherited_. 29 It can
32、be inferred from the passage that a child will_if he has more opportunities to communicate with others by means of language. 30 Children were not just_, but they can be taught to be more intelligent at school. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Prolonging Human Li
33、fe Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not a
34、n increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion. Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old
35、 people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies, people feel a moral obligation to kee
36、p people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else mus
37、t support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often “go on welfare
38、“ if they have a serious illness. When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working
39、or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few
40、of these institutions are good, most of them are simply “dumping grounds“ for the dying in which “care“ is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under-skilled personnel. 31 The writer believes that the population explosion results from_. （ A） an increase in birthrates （ B） the industrial development
41、 （ C） a decrease in death rates （ D） cultural advances 32 It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures_. （ A） it was a moral responsibility to keep old-aged people alive （ B） infants could be left dead in times of starvation （ C） parents had to impart the cultural wisdo
42、m of the tribe to their children （ D） death was considered to be freedom from hardships 33 According to the passage, which of the following statements about retired people in the United States is true? （ A） Many of them have a very hard life. （ B） They cannot live a decent life without enough bank s
43、avings. （ C） They rely mainly on their children for financial support. （ D） Most of them live with their children and therefore are well looked after. 34 In Paragraph 3, the phrase “this need“ refers to_. （ A） the need to prolong the lives of old people （ B） the need to enrich the life of the retire
44、d people （ C） the need to build profit-making nursing homes （ D） the need to take care of a sick and weak person 35 Which of the following best describes the writers attitude toward most of the nursing homes and convalescent hospitals? （ A） Sympathetic. （ B） Unfriendly. （ C） Optimistic. （ D） Critica
45、l. 35 Trying to Find a Partner One of the most striking findings of a recent poll in the UK is that of the people interviewed, one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with. Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start and sustain intimate r
46、elationships? Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love? Or are we making it harder for ourselves? It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships. Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status. A man doesnt expe
47、ct his spouse to be in sole charge of running his household and raising his children. But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence. In theory, finding a partner should be much simpler th
48、ese days. Only a few generations ago, your choice of soulmate(心上人 )was constrained by geography, social convention and family tradition. Although it was never explicit, many marriages were essentially arranged. Now those barriers have been broken down. You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon i
49、n any bar in any city on any given evening. When the world is your oyster(牡蛎 ),you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl. But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by an even tighter constraint: the tyranny of choice. The expectations of partners are inflated to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary, kind to grandmother, and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impression. We think that a relationship can be perf
