1、职称英语（卫生类） C级模拟试卷 44及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The annoying thing about the scheme is that its confusing. （ A） hateful （ B） painful （ C） horrifying （ D） irritating 2 I simply gave in to him, and Ive felt regretted it ever since. （ A） sorry
2、 （ B） disappointed （ C） shameful （ D） disheartened 3 They should not sacrifice environmental protections to foster economic growth. （ A） give （ B） realize （ C） promote （ D） reduce 4 He was close to success. （ A） near （ B） tight （ C） quick （ D） fast 5 Mike was dismissed. （ A） criticized （ B） exhauste
3、d （ C） fired （ D） fined 6 She cannot answer this question at once,but can find the answer to it from that book. （ A） early （ B） now （ C） immediately （ D） soon 7 It was obvious that he was not going home. （ A） possible （ B） evident （ C） necessary （ D） probable 8 In short, I am going to live there mys
4、elf. （ A） To be frank （ B） In a word （ C） That is to say （ D） In other words 9 I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan. （ A） implementing （ B） changing （ C） keeping （ D） making 10 She often finds fault with my work. （ A） talks about （ B） evaluates （ C） praises （ D） criticizes 11 We shall take
5、 the treasure away to a safe place. （ A） clean （ B） pretty （ C） distant （ D） secure 12 We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion. （ A） amazed （ B） amounted （ C） amused （ D） approached 13 The reporter was accused of unprofessional conduct. （ A） movement （ B） words （ C）
6、principle （ D） behavior 14 His novel depicts an ambitious Chinese. （ A） writes （ B） sketches （ C） describes （ D） indicates 15 Jim has made up his mind not to go to the meeting. （ A） agreed （ B） decided （ C） promised （ D） wanted 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是
7、正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Interview The importance and focus of the interview in the work of the print and broadcast journalist are reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited
8、 to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “how to“ aspects of journalistic interviewing rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and, implications. Much of the “how to“ material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we
9、know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such study brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed. There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broad
10、casting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, many general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretica
11、l and empirical aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general literature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modern Western
12、societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than with any other form of interviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional per
13、son or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking help. Another familiar situation is the job interview. However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we
14、have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even so, true understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interview, requires thoughtful analysis and even study, as this book indicates. 16 The main idea of th
15、e first paragraph is that importance should be attached to the systematic study of journalistic interviewing. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Much research has been done on interviews in general, so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthened. （ A） Right （ B）
16、 Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview, but most of them may not have been interviewed in person. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The patient is the interviewee in a clinical interview. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The passage
17、is most like a part of a journalistic interview. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 We should pay attention to the interview in a clinical interview. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The television interviews dont require thoughtful analysis. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentio
18、ned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Clinical Trials 1 Many clinical trials are done to see if a new drug or device is safe and effective for people to use. Sometimes clinical trials are used to stu
19、dy different ways to use the standard treatments so they will be more effective,easier to use,and/or decrease side effects. Sometimes,studies are done to learn how to best use the treatment in a different population, such as children, in whom the treatment was not previously tested. 2 It is importan
20、t to test drugs and medical products in the people they are meant to help. It is also important to conduct research in a variety of people because different people may respond differently to treatments. Some people participate in clinical trials because they have exhausted standard treatment options
21、. Other people participate in trials because they want to contribute to the advancement of medical knowledge. 3 The FDA(食品及药物管理局 )works to protect participants in clinical trials and to ensure that people have reliable information as they decide whether to join a clinical trial. Although efforts are
22、 made to control the risks to clinical trial participants, some risks may be unavoidable because of the uncertainty inherent(内在的 )in medical research studies involving new medical treatments. 4 People should learn as much as possible about the clinical trials that interest them. They should also fee
23、l comfortable discussing their questions and concerns with members of the health care team. Prospective(预期的 )participants should understand what happens during the trial, the type of health care they will receive, and any costs to them. Anyone considering a clinical trial should also know that there
24、 are benefits and risks associated with participating. A Are clinical trials safe? B What are clinical trials? C What should people know before participating in a clinical trial? D Who should consider clinical trials and why? E Where are clinical trials conducted? F Why are clinical trials done? 23
25、Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 2_ 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 4_ 26 A candidates for clinical trials B during the trial C medical knowledge D in humans E before participation F for some patients 27 New drugs or devices must be tested before being used_. 28 Clinical trials provide the only hope_. 29 Reli
26、able information should be available to_. 30 Learn as much as you can about a clinical trial_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Panic A panic is a form of collective in which a group of people, face with an immediate threat, react in an uncoordinated and irratio
27、nal way. Their behavior is uncoordinated in the sense that cooperative social relationships and break down. It is irrational in the sense that peoples actions are not appropriate for the goals they wish to achieve. The progress of a panic follows a fairly typical course. A sudden crisis occurs; peop
28、le experience intense fear; normal social expectations are broken; each individual tries desperately to escape from the source of danger; mutual cooperation breaks down; and the situation becomes even more threatening as a result. Panics are especially likely to occur in unusual conditions in which
29、everyday norms have little relevance, such as fires, floods, earthquakes or military invasions. Some kind of response is necessary in these situations, but there are few social norms that specify an appropriate reaction. Thus, when a passenger aircraft makes a crash landing people may attempt to fle
30、e before fire breaks out and cause an explosion, but there only succeed in stopping themselves and others by creating bottlenecks at the exits. Awareness of bottlenecks may lead to increased panic, with people fighting and trampling one another in the effort to escape. Despite intensive training of
31、airline personnel in emergency evacuation procedures, a high proportion of passenger deaths are caused by a panic that prevents people from escaping in time. The most dramatic panics are those that occur in situations of extreme emergency, but not all panics are quite so frantic or short-lived. A di
32、fferent form of this collective behavior is the financial panic, which is typically provoked by rumor that the price of stocks will fall or that a bank will be unable to repay its depositors. The classic example, of course, occurred at the outset of the Great Depression in 1929 : as in other forms o
33、f panic, the individuals involved tried to protect their own interests, and in so doing they worsened the situation for themselves and everyone else. By trying to sell their stocks as quickly as possible, people ensured that the price of stocks did fall; by demanding their money back from banks, the
34、y ensured that the banks actually did collapse. 31 What will people not do when they feel panic? （ A） They become uncoordinated. （ B） They become irrational. （ C） They face an immediate threat. （ D） They break down cooperative social relationships. 32 Which of the following cannot cause the process
35、of panic? （ A） When people desperately try to escape from the source of danger. （ B） When a sudden crisis occurs. （ C） When a passenger aircraft makes a crash landing. （ D） When people gathers at the exit. 33 Which of the following is NOT TURE according to the passage? （ A） All of the panics are cau
36、sed by natural reasons. （ B） People get into panic possibly because of the rumor. （ C） In 1929,Americans worsened the Great Depression themselves to protect their own interests. （ D） Panics often cause a great loss in economy or human resources. 34 What does the word“bottlenecks“(Para. 2)mean in thi
37、s passage? （ A） A narrow part of a bottle. （ B） A style of guitar. （ C） An escape route. （ D） An obstructed section. 35 What is the purpose of the passage? （ A） To analyze the causes of the panics and teach people how to prevent them. （ B） To introduce different kinds of panics. （ C） To help people
38、set up daily norms that can prevent panics. （ D） To inform people of painful examples form panics. 35 Knowing Your Real Personality from Sleeping Positions Everyone has got two personalities the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. You dont show your secret personali
39、ty when youre awake because you can control yourself, but when youre asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. In a normal night, of course, you often change your sleeping positions. The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you go to sleep. If you go to
40、 sleep on your back, youre a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by new ideas. You dont like to make people unhappy, so you never express your real feelings. Youre quite shy and you arent very confident. If you sleep on your stomach, you are a person who likes t
41、o keep secrets. You worry a lot and youre always easily becoming sad. You never want to change your ideas, but you are satisfied with your life the way it is. You usually live for today not for tomorrow. If you sleep on curled up, you are probably a very nervous person. You have a low opinion of you
42、rself and often protect yourself from being hurt, so you are very defensive. Youre shy and you dont usually like meeting people. You like to be on your own. If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced personality. You know your strengths and weaknesses. Youre usually careful. You
43、 have a confident personality. You sometimes feel worried, but you dont often get unhappy. You always say what you think, even if it makes people angry. 36 You may find the passage in_. （ A） a science magazine （ B） a guide book （ C） a sports newspaper （ D） a story book 37 When does the sleeping posi
44、tion best show your secret personality? （ A） In the daytime. （ B） At the beginning of sleep. （ C） At night. （ D） During the deep sleep. 38 Tina hardly tells her secrets to her friends. She probably goes to sleep_. （ A） on curled up （ B） on her stomach （ C） on her back （ D） on her side 39 What does t
45、he word “defensive“ mean in the passage? （ A）易怒的 （ B）攻击性的 （ C）外向的 （ D）有戒心的 40 What does the passage tell us? （ A） Sleeping on your side is the best way of sleeping. （ B） Changing positions will cause sleeping problems. （ C） Sleeping positions show peoples secret personalities. （ D） Enough sleep make
46、s people look better and healthier. 40 Early or Later Day Care The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parents during the sensitive “attachment“ period from birth to three may scar a childs personality and predispose to emotional problems in later life. Some people h
47、ave drawn the conclusion from Bowlbys work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails, and many people do believe this. But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion. Firstly, anthropologists point out that
48、the insulated love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. For example, in some tribal societies, such as the Ngoni, the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant a-lone far from it. Secondly, common sense tells us t
49、hat day care would not be so widespread today if parents, care-takers found children had problems with it. Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial. Thirdly, in the last decade there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neural or slightly positive effect
