1、职称英语（卫生类） C级模拟试卷 8及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Her figure was slender and graceful, her features good. （ A） feeble （ B） lovely （ C） beautiful （ D） pleasant 2 He told me he had been offered a very well-paid position abroad. （ A） employment （
2、 B） service （ C） job （ D） work 3 The sailor found it rather difficult to adjust himself to the life on land. （ A） put （ B） carry （ C） lift （ D） fit 4 Violent programs on television may have a bad influence on children. （ A） affection （ B） pressure （ C） effect （ D） control 5 He seemed reluctant to he
3、lp us. （ A） glad （ B） tired （ C） unwilling （ D） pleased 6 Police officers working on the murder have questioned hundreds of families. （ A） asked （ B） demanded （ C） inquired （ D） requested 7 According to the latest report, the talks have collapsed. （ A） broken away （ B） broken down （ C） broken in （ D
4、） broken out 8 Through a mixture of greed and intelligence, he has become the biggest landowner in the whole district. （ A） blend （ B） cooperation （ C） merger （ D） combination 9 Shes one of the smartest students in the whole school. （ A） most beautiful （ B） cleverest （ C） cunning （ D） hardest 10 The
5、 salesman approached the house cautiously because of the vicious dog. （ A） nervously （ B） bravely （ C） carefully （ D） deliberately 11 He replied that this was absolutely impossible. （ A） stated （ B） said （ C） answered （ D） claimed 12 Police have still found no clues as to the whereabouts of the miss
6、ing child. （ A） reasons （ B） signs （ C） answers （ D） marks 13 The African had a passion to keep his African origin alive. （ A） strange feeling （ B） strong feeling （ C） strange idea （ D） strong idea 14 He purchased a ticket and went up on the top deck. （ A） took （ B） bought （ C） showed （ D） made 15 I
7、t is much easier to talk about social change than it is to make it happen. （ A） acknowledge it （ B） predict it （ C） bring it about （ D） adapt to it 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分 ，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Industrial pollution is n
8、ot only a problem for the countries of Europe and North America. It is an extremely serious problem in some developing countries. For these counties, economic growth is a very important aim. They want to introduce industries, and so they put few controls on industries which cause pollution. Cubatao,
9、 an industrial town of 85,000 people in Brazil, is an example of the connection between industrial development and pollution. In 1954, Cubatao had no industry. Today it has more than twenty large factories, which produce many pollutants(污染物 ). The people of the town are suffering from the poisonous
10、matters in their surroundings, and the bad effects can be clearly seen. Birth shortcomings are extremely common. Among children and grown-ups, lung problems are sometimes twelve times more common in Cubatao than in other places. It is true that Brazil, like many other countries, has laws against pol
11、lution, but these laws are not carried out strictly enough. It is cheaper for companies to take no notice of the laws and pay the fines(罚款 )than to buy the expensive equipment that will reduce the pollution, It is clear, therefore, that economic growth is more important to the government than to the
12、 health of the workers. However, the responsibility(责任 ) does not completely lie with the Brazilian government. The example of Cubatao shows that international companies are not acting in a responsible way either. A number of the factories in the town are owned by large companies from France, Italy,
13、 and the U.S. They are doing things in Brazil that they would not be able to do at home. If they caused the same amount of pollution at home, they would be severely(严厉的 )punished or even put out of business. 16 Industrial pollution is the problem for European countries only. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （
14、C） Not mentioned 17 A lot- of countries are trying to solve the pollution problems. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Brazil has no laws against pollution. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 A large number of companies are not owned by Brazil. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentio
15、ned 20 In Cubatao, heart problems are 12 times more common than in other places. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Brazilian government pay more attention to economic growth （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 A lot of people have died from pollution in Cubatao. （ A） Right （ B） Wro
16、ng （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项 测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 1. Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smoker say,
17、 smoking helps them “think and concentrate.“ Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived(被剥夺 )of cigarettes through a series of tests. 2. In the first test, each subject(试验对象 )sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among
18、a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well. 3. The next test was more complex, requiring all to see sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Nonsmokers were faster, but
19、under the stimulation of nicotine(尼古丁 ), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers. 4. In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers. 5. The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer
20、 questions about it, Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important inform
21、ation from insignificant details. 6. “As our tests became more complex.“ Sums up Spilich, “non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins.“ He predicts, “smokers might perform adequately at many jobs-until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no
22、 problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.“ 23 A. The first test. B. Smokers cant do complex jobs well. C. Smokers are easily to get cancer. D. The fourth test. E. Scientists decided to find out whether smoke could help to think. F. Non-smokers response m
23、ore aquickly than smokers. 23 Para 1 _. 24 Para 2 _. 25 Para 5 _. 26 Para 6 _. 27 A. computer screen B. memory C. vegetable D. mental capacity E. nicotine F. speed 27 Active smokers are faster than deprived smokers under the stimulation of _. 28 Smoking might destroy pilots _. 29 In the first test,
24、all the subjects are required to sit before a _. 30 The purpose of the third test is to test subjects _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 It is my privilege to introduce again an annual report of the work of Our Ladys Hospice. Our Ladys Hospice, the first of its
25、 kind in these western islands, has centered the second century of caring for those with terminal illness. It was first opened in Milltown and its opening was the realization of a long cherished(心中怀着 )dream. For years the Sisters(修女 )had longed for a place where poor, lonely, friendless dying person
26、s-no longer fit subjects for hospital wards(病房 )-could find care, comfort and peacefulness in their last days of life. In December 1879 these hopes were fulfilled when Our Ladys formally welcomed the first patients-35 in number. So great were the applications for admission that six years later the f
27、oundation stone of the present Hospice was laid on 18th July 1886 and completed in August 1888. Much has been written about the spirit of the Hospice and much will continue to be written with present increasing interest in the Hospice was opened in a spirit that regarded neither race, nor belief, no
28、r class but looked simply to the need of the person for help and for peace in the last days of life. We hope the same spirit born out of love, care and respect for the dignity and worth of each human person, will comfort all, both patients and their loved ones, who seek our help in the Hospice today
29、. 31 This report is given by _. （ A） a reporter who is interested in Hospice work （ B） a patient representative （ C） a leading figure of the Hospice （ D） one of the founders of the Hospice 32 Who can be admitted to the Hospice? （ A） The poor. （ B） Lonely and friendless people. （ C） Dying patients. （
30、 D） People badly in need of care and comfort. 33 Our Ladys Hospice was first opened in _. （ A） 1897 （ B） 1888 （ C） 1886 （ D） 1879 34 “their loved ones“ in the last sentence refers to _. （ A） dying patients （ B） patients and doctors （ C） those whom patients love （ D） human persons 35 Which of the fol
31、lowing is in agreement with the Hospice spirit? （ A） Taking care of those seriously-iii people who believe in God. （ B） Showing love for those who live in these western is lands. （ C） Freeing white patients from pain and comforting their fears, and supporting their loved ones. （ D） Loving and helpin
32、g those of the terminally ill. 36 A new international study shows that six people die every minute from smoking. That equals 3 million deaths around the world every year. If the present rate (率 )of smoking continues, the number of deaths each year from smoking could rise to 10 million by the year 20
33、20. The study describes smoking as the biggest cause to deadly diseases among grown-ups in industrial countries. So far most of the smoking deaths have happened on men, especially in developing countries. A researcher at the World Health Organization says 70% of Chinese men smoke more than 15 cigare
34、ttes each day. In Latin America about 50% of the men are smokers. There also is a very large number of smokers in the former Soviet Union(苏联 )and in the east Europe. And 25% of all smoking deaths worldwide are in those areas of the world. Scientists say smoking will kill 50% of the countries. Smokin
35、g is known to cause lung cancer. It also can lead to cancer of the mouth and other parts of bodies. Smokers are more likely than non-smokers to suffer from heart disease. Experts say that people reduce their chance of dying from smoking if they stop smoking completely. They say smokers who give up s
36、moking can improve their health. 36 The main idea of this passage is that _. （ A） we must give up smoking （ B） smoking causes lung caner （ C） smoking does harm to health （ D） men like smoking much more than women 37 According to the passage, if there are one hundred Chinese men smokers in the room,
37、as a result, the number of cigarettes that they smoke is at least _ each day. （ A） about 1500 （ B） 5000 or so （ C） under 750 （ D） over 1050 38 A new international study shows _. （ A） in 2020, 10 million smokers will die from smoking （ B） three hundred and sixty smokers die from smoking every hour （
38、C） smoking will kill 50% of the men around the world （ D） for lack of money, men in developing countries smoke less than those in industrial countries. 39 If people dont stop smoking, they will _. （ A） pollute the air （ B） waste a lot of money （ C） become stupid （ D） be in poor health 40 Which of th
39、e following statements is true? （ A） Smoking is the biggest cause to deadly diseases among grown-ups. （ B） The writers main purpose of writing this story is to arouse(引起 )smokers interest, fear and notice. （ C） From this passage, we can clearly conclude that the number of smokers in east Europe is m
40、uch bigger than that in Latin America. （ D） About one half of the Latin American men are non-smokers. 41 Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount
41、of anxiety or stress for young athletes(运动员 ). Stress can be physical emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable. The early years of development are critical yea
42、rs for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all tim
43、es, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷 )in themselves. Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of t
44、he game should not be more important that the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In todays youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and
45、find fault with youngsters performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicated that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout. 41
46、 An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is _. （ A） to make sports less competitive （ B） to make sports more challenging （ C） to reduce their mental stress （ D） to increase their sense of success 42 According to the passage, sport is positive for young people in that _. （ A） it can
47、 help them learn more about society （ B） it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves （ C） it enables them to find flaws in themselves （ D） it can provide them with valuable experiences 43 Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes _. （ A） without realizing
48、criticism may destroy their self confidence （ B） in order to make them remember lifes lessons （ C） believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development （ D） so as to put more pressure on them 44 According to the passage parents and coaches should _. （ A） help children to win every game
49、 （ B） pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports （ C） enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports （ D） train children to cope with stress 45 The authors purpose in writing the passage is _. （ A） to persuade young children not to worry about criticism （ B） to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children （ C） to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement （ D） to teach young athletes how to avoi
