1、职称英语（理工类） A级模拟试卷 13及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 She was a puzzle. （ A） girl （ B） woman （ C） problem （ D） mystery 2 Her speciality is heart surgery. （ A） region （ B） site （ C） field （ D） platform 3 France has kept intimate links with its for
2、mer African territories. （ A） friendly （ B） private （ C） strong （ D） secret 4 You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly. （ A） spread （ B） mixed （ C） beaten （ D） covered 5 The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. （ A） destroyed （ B） broke （ C） Smas
3、hed （ D） changed 6 Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first. （ A） posted （ B） sent （ C） given （ D） handed 7 The change in that village was miraculous. （ A） conservative, （ B） amazing （ C） insignificant （ D） unforgettable 8 Customers often defer payment for as long as possib
4、le. （ A） make （ B） demand （ C） postpone （ D） obtain 9 Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year. （ A） ban （ B） remove （ C） eliminate （ D） expel 10 She read a poem which depicts the splendor of the sunset. （ A） declares （ B） asserts （ C） describes （ D） announces 11 From my standpoin
5、t, this thing is just ridiculous. （ A） field （ B） point of view （ C） knowledge （ D） information 12 The latest census is encouraging. （ A） statement （ B） assessment （ C） evaluation （ D） count 13 The curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy. （ A） different （ B） proud （ C） uncom
6、fortable （ D） unconscious 14 Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it. （ A） able （ B） fortunate （ C） qualified （ D） competent 15 He was elevated to the post of prime minister. （ A） pulled （ B） promoted （ C） lifted （ D） treated 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7
7、个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Food and Cancer Medical Experts have suspected for many years that there is a strong link between what a person eats and cancer. They say a new study provides the first evidence that vitamins could reduce a persons c
8、hance of developing cancer. A team of Chinese and American scientists did the study. They are from American National Cancer Institute and the Cancer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical sciences in Beijing. The Journal of the National Cancer Institute published the results of the study. About
9、 thirty thousand people between the ages of 40 to 69 took part in the study. They were form the northern central Chinese area of Linxian. Most of them took vitamins and minerals every day for five years. Linxian was chosen because the people there have an extremely high rate of cancer of stomach and
10、 esophagus. Researchers believe that fungus and molds in local foods may be partly responsible for the high cancer rate. Researchers divided those into eight groups. Seven of the groups received different mixtures of vitamins and minerals daily. The amounts of the vitamins and minerals were 1 to 2 t
11、imes greater than what American health officials say is needed. The eighth group received sugar pills that had no effect. Those who seemed to fain the most received a mixture of a form of vitamin A called B-carotene, vitamin E and the mineral selenium. The vitamin and mineral are believed to prevent
12、 damage to cells caused by cancer-causing substances. Researchers reported a 13 percent drop in cancer rates in those who took B-carotene, vitamin E and selenium. They also found a 10 percent drop in the number of deaths caused by strokes from bursting blood vessels. Scientists warn that it is too s
13、oon to know if the effect, would be the same among people in other countries. They note that the people in Linxian eat foods that lack necessary vitamins and minerals. Chinese officials will continue to record the health records of the people in Linxian for many years. For now officials reportedly a
14、re considering using the results of the study. They want to find a way to improved the health of people in Linxian and other small towns in China. 16 The results of the new study are unexpected. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not Mentioned 17 Among the scientists that did the study, there are more Chine
15、se than Americans. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not Mentioned 18 The study lasted for about five years. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not Mentioned 19 The rate of cancer of stomach and esophagus in Linxian is the highest in China. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not Mentioned 20 Fungus and molds in local food
16、s may be partly responsible for the high cancer rate in Linxian. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not Mentioned 21 All those people who took part in the study received vitamins and minerals. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not Mentioned 22 The results of the study are of great significance to people everywhere
17、. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not Mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 The Mir Space Station The Russian Mir Space Station, which came down in 2001 at last after 15 years of pioneering the conc
18、ept of long-term human space flight, is remembered for its accomplishments in the human space flight history. It can be credited with many firsts in space. During Mirs lifetime, Russia spent about USS 4.2 billion to build and maintain the station. The Soviet Union launched Mir, which was designed to
19、 last from three to five years, on February 20, 1986, and housed 104 astronauts over 12 years and seven months, most of whorh were not Russian. In fact, it became the first international space station by playing host to 62 people from 11 countries. From 1995 through 1998, seven astronauts from the U
20、nited States took turns living on Mir for up to six months each. They were among the 37 Americans who visited the station during nine stopovers by space shuttles. The more than 400 million the United States provided Russian for the visits not only kept Mir operating, but also gave the Americans and
21、their partners in the international station project valuable experience in long-term flight and multinational operations. A debate continues over Mirs contributions to science. During its existence, Mir was the laboratory for 23,000 experiments and carded scientific equipment, estimated to be worth
22、$ 80 million, from many nations. Experiments on Mir are credited with a range of findings, from the first solid measurement of the ration of heavy helium atoms in space to how to grow wheat in space. But for those favoring human space exploration, Mir showed that people could live and work in space
23、long enough for a trip to Mars. The longest single stay in space is the 437.7 days that Russian astronaut Valery Polyakov spent on Mir from 1994 to 1995. And Sergie Avdeyev accumulated 747.6 days in space in three trips to the space station. The longest American stay was that of Shannon Lucid, who s
24、pent 188 days aboard Mir in 1996. Despite the many firsts Mir accomplished, 1997 was a bad year out of 15 for Mir. In 1997, an oxygen generator caught fire. Later, the main computer system broke down, causing the station to drift several times and there were power failures. Most of these problems we
25、re repaired, with American help and suppliers, but Mirs reputation as a space station was mined. Mirs setbacks are nothing, though, when we compare them with its accomplishments. Mir was a tremendous success, which will be remembered as a milestone in space exploration and the space station that sho
26、wed long4erm human habitation in space was possible. But its time to move on to the next generation. The International Space Station being built will be better, but it owes a great debt to Mir. 23 A. Rewards following the US financial injection B. Mirs firsts in scientific experiments and space expl
27、oration C. Undeniable Mirs achievements D. Mir regarded as a complete failure E. Mirs problem year F. A great debt owned to the International Space Station 23 Paragraph 4 _. 24 Paragraph 5 _. 25 Paragraph 6 _. 26 Paragraph 8 _. 27 A. everything B. nothing C. a tremendous failure D. quite possible E.
28、 many firsts F. a great success 27 Mir enhanced the confidence in the scientists that humans living in space for a long time was _. 28 In Mir, the US astronauts created _. 29 When we think of Mir in terms of its achievements, its setbacks are _. 30 The writer tends to think that Mir was _. 四、 阅读理解 (
29、第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Space-Age Archeology Its a strange partnership, but a very effective one: Satellites and space-shuttle-carried radar are helping archeologists. How? By “seeing“ through sand or through treetops to locate important archeological sites. The
30、 traditional tools for archeologists are shovels and picks. But high technology is making the archeologists work and time far more productive. Take for example, the second 1981 flight of the Space Shuttle Challenger. During the mission, a powerful, experimental radar was pointed at a lifeless stretc
31、h of desert in Egypt called the Selima Sand Sheet(part of the Sahara Desert). To everyones surprise, the radar penetrated through the sand to the harder rock beneath. On the surface, there is a little indication that Africas Sahara Desert was never anything but a desert. When the archeologists studi
32、ed the radar images, they saw what seemed to be impossible: there was sand-buried landscape that was shaped by flowing water; traces of ancient riverbeds appeared to be over nine miles wide, far wider than most sections of the present-day Nile River. Today, the area is one of the hottest, driest des
33、ert in the world. Archeologists dug pits along the old river banks and found clues to the past: stream-rounded pebbles (鹅卵石 ), Stone-Age axes, broken ostrich (鸵鸟 ) eggshells, and the shells of land snails. The archeologists were quite pleased with these findings. For years, theyd been finding stone
34、axes scattered through the desert, and couldnt understand why. Now we know that early humans were living on the banks of old rivers, and left their beautiful tools behind. Some are so sharp that you could shave with them. More recently, Landsat 4, a special earth-mapping satellite, aided in the disc
35、overy of ancient Mayan ruins in Mexico. Lansat can, with the help of false-color imagery, “see through“ much of the area. Armed with these maps, a five-person expedition took to the air in a helicopter. By the end of the second day, the team found a stretch of walled fields that expedition members s
36、aid look like “old New England fences“. They just go on, non-stop, for 40 miles. Later in the week, an ancient village was pinpointed, as was the “lost“ city of Oxpemul, once found in the early 1930s but quickly reclaimed by the jungle. The findings made them able to map the extent of the Mayan civi
37、lization in about five days. Working on foot, it would have taken at least 100 years. 31 With the help of the space-shuttle carried radar, archeologists found _. （ A） a new stretch of the Sahara desert （ B） traces of ancient riverbeds under the Sahara Desert （ C） some traditional archeological tools
38、 in the Sahara Desert （ D） a mountain beneath the Sahara Desert 32 Which of the following is true of the sand-buried landscape? （ A） It was an old avenue. （ B） It was an underground river. （ C） It was shaped by flowing river. （ D） It was shaped by the old Nile River. 33 The stream-rounded pebbled an
39、d Stone-Age axes which were found along the ancient river banks show that _. （ A） an early human civilization once existed along the old river banks （ B） ancient people didnt know how to make weapons （ C） most species of animals in Sahara have disappeared （ D） early humans were good at fighting with
40、 sharp weapons 34 “They“ in the second line of the last paragraph refers to _. （ A） old New England fences （ B） the stretch of walled fields （ C） the expedition members （ D） ancient villages 35 Which of the following best summarizes the main information of the passage? （ A） High-tech helps locate ma
41、ny fascinating archeological sites. （ B） Without high-tech, the archeologists work would come to a stop. （ C） High-tech has taken the place of shovels and picks. （ D） High-tech makes the archeologists work more fruitful. 36 Scientists watched closely last spring as a haze of pollution, which had bee
42、n tracked by satellite as it crossed the Pacific Ocean, settled over a large swath of North America from Calgary, Canada, into Arizona. Now it appears that, for the first time, researchers on both sides of the Pacific took detailed measurements of the same plume, a cloud that contained Gobi desert d
43、ust as well as hydrocarbons from industrial pollution. Heather Price, a University of Washington doctoral student in chemistry, found that the amount of light reflected by the particles in the air was more than 550 percent greater than normal for that time of year. The mass of Asian air contained el
44、evated levels of ail pollutants measured. Price said, “but the only thing that came close to being alarming was the level of particulate matter.“ The haze that settled across the western part of the country was widely reported by the news media, and it was measured as far inland as the ski slopes of
45、 Aspen, Colo. Readings on the western side of the Pacific came from the Aerosol Characterization Experiments, a project aimed at understanding how particles in the atmosphere affect Earths climate. Additional measurements were taken in the same region at the same time under a project sponsored by th
46、e National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Knowing the pollution was approaching Washington state, Price loaded sensing equipment aboard a rented Beechcraft on April 14 and flew to Neah Bay on the states Northwest coast. Taking samples at various levels from 15,000 feet to 20, 000 feet in alti
47、tude, she monitored quantities of dust, ozone, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. “From my copilots seat. the dust was thick enough to see with the naked eye.“ Price said. Now she is trying to correlate her findings with those of the two research teams operating on the other side of the Pacific, wher
48、e at one point the pollution plume was larger than Japan. The huge size of the cloud showed up clearly in satellite images that gave Price plenty of warning the haze was on its way. “You can see these two blobs coming out of the deserts of Mongolia and growing over Asia, then getting swept out over
49、the ocean and finally setting over North America,“ she said. She intends to continue measuring air samples off the Washington coast and will be looking for air masses with evidence of pollution originating somewhere other than Asia. “Wed like to see if we can get a signature of pollution coming from Europe because computer models suggest that European sources also can be transported across the Pacific,“ she said. “However, we expect that sour
