1、职称英语（理工类） A级模拟试卷 20及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. （ A） take out （ B） break off （ C） push in （ D） dig up 2 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September. （ A） play （ B） show （
2、C） send （ D） tell 3 This table is strong and durable. （ A） long-lasting （ B） extensive （ C） far-reaching （ D） eternal 4 He endured great pain before he finally expired. （ A） fired （ B） resigned （ C） died （ D） retreated 5 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirror. （ A） smiling （ B） laughing （ C） sh
3、outing （ D） staring 6 The index is the governments chief gauae of future economic activity. （ A） measure （ B） opinion （ C） method （ D） decision 7 Its sensible to start any exercise program gradually at first. （ A） workable （ B） reasonable （ C） possible （ D） available 8 A lot of people could fall iii
4、 after drinking contaminated water. （ A） boiled （ B） polluted （ C） mixed （ D） sweetened 9 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position. （ A） maintain （ B） better （ C） acquire （ D） support 10 She stood there, trembling with fear. （ A） jumping （ B） crying （ C） moving （ D） shaking 11 Med
5、ical facilities are being upgraded. （ A） expanded （ B） repaired （ C） improved （ D） transferred 12 Rock climbing is hazardous. （ A） interesting （ B） dangerous （ C） attractive （ D） useful 13 John is eligible for this job. （ A） accepted （ B） qualified （ C） rejected （ D） recommended 14 In order to impro
6、ve our standard of living, we have to accelerate production. （ A） involve （ B） decrease （ C） speed up （ D） give up 15 Mary looked pale and weary. （ A） worried （ B） ugly （ C） silly （ D） exhausted 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题 ，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果
7、该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 A Dolphin and an Astronomer One day in 1963, a dolphin named Elvar and a famous astronomer, Carl Sagan, were playing a little game. The astronomer was visitin9 an institute which was looking into the way dolphins communicate with each other. Sagan was standing on the edge of on
8、e of the tanks where several of these friendly, highly intelligent creatures were kept. EIvar had just swum up alongside him and had turned on his back. The dolphin wanted Sagan to scratch his stomach again, as the astronomer had done twice before. Elvar looked up at Sagan, waiting. Then, after a mi
9、nute or so, the dolphin leapt up through the water and made a sound just like the word more. The astonished astronomer went to the director of the institute and told him about the incident. Oh, yes. Thats one of the Words he knows, the director said, showing no Surprise at all. Dolphins have bigger
10、brains in proportion to their body size than humans have, and it has been known for a long time that they can make a number of sounds, What is more, these sounds seem to have different functions, such as warning each other of danger. Sound travels much faster and much further in water than it does i
11、n air. That is why the parts of the brain that deal with sound are much better developed in dolphins than in humans. But can it be said that dolphins have a language, in the real sense of the word? Scientists dont agree on this. A language is not just a collection of sounds, or even words. A languag
12、e has a structure and what we call a grammar. The structure and grammar of a language help to give it meaning. For example, the two questions Who loves Mary? and Who does Mary love? mean very different things. If you stop to think about it, you will see that this difference doesnt come from the word
13、s the question but from the difference in structure. That is why the question Can dolphins speak? cant be answered until we find out if dolphins not only make sounds but also arrange them in a grammatical order which affects their meaning. 16 The astronomer was not interested in the way dolphins com
14、municate with each other. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The dolphin leapt up into the air because Sagan was too near the water. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Parts of the dolphins brain are particularly well developed to handle different kinds of sound. （ A） Right （ B） Wr
15、ong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Dolphins are the most useful animals to humans. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Dolphins travel faster in water than any other animals. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Some scientists believe that dolphins have a language of their own. （ A） Right （ B
16、） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Sounds can be called a language only when they have a structure and a grammar. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Electromagnetic
17、 Energy 1. White light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light a
18、nd the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy. 2. The sun is 93 million miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space. 3. Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energ
19、y. Radio, television, and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared (红外线的 ) radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, televis
20、ion, or radar. Ultraviolet rays (红外线 ) and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our. requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing
21、certain disease organisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones. 4. Usually we use electricity to generat
22、e electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored i
23、n coal came from the sun, too. 5. Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be c
24、onverted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed (利用 ) by man. Chemical energy comes from electron (电子 ) rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release million
25、s of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the suns energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium (氦 ). 6. Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate
26、 engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy. 23 A Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Suns Energy B The Most Important Source of Energy C Types of Electromagnetic Energy, D The Machines Used for Energy Generation E Seeking New
27、Sources of Energy F The Use of Ultraviolet Radiation in Medicine 23 Paragraph 3 _ 24 Paragraph 4 _ 25 Paragraph 5 _ 26 Paragraph 6 _ 27 A when it is absorbed by matter B when it is cloudy C because they can pass through solid objects D when the sunrays are fierce E when a change in the nucleus of an
28、 atom takes place F when electron rearrangement takes place 27 One can get a sunburn even _. 28 Infrared radiation can produce heat _. 29 X-rays and gamma rays can be used to detect and treat cancer _. 30 Chemical energy is generated _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最
29、佳选项。 31 Sonys Vision For The Future As the television, communications and telecommunications industries emerge, compatibility (兼容性 ) becomes a big issue for consumers. I think we should maintain open and compatible standards end create features particular to Sony, in other words, the system should b
30、e open but the services could be distinctive like restaurants. The menus may be alike but the services are different. Being president of Sony Corporation, I am often asked by this question: With digital cameras and digital camcorders (摄像机 ), what will be the future of digital imaging? In 1997, optim
31、ists see non-traditional cameras digital cameras achieving sales of one million units in Japan. We are selling a new digital camera. Even though the price is quite high, it is selling well. And laser and ink-jet printers have improved greatly for printing colour pictures. But traditional pictures ar
32、e still more popular than those from todays electronic cameras. Because of that, traditional cameras and digital cameras will co-exist for a long time. If you want me to sum up Sonys vision for the next few years, all I can say is that there will be a big change. We can run our business at Sony base
33、d on todays technologies w which means the digitalisation of audio and video. But beyond 2000, there will be a big change and we should be prepared. This will be the network environment. So we are preparing for a big change in technologies and for a change in the way of thinking as well. We celebrat
34、e our 50th anniversary this year (1997), and this coincides (与 一致 ) with what I call the transistor cycle, which has also lasted fifty years. Since we started using transistors in radios, the electronic industry has undergone a big evolution. But a new technology wave started with the invention of t
35、he microprocessor, about 14 or 15 years ago. My theory is that each business cycle lasts 50 years, with one cycle overlapping (重叠 ) another. The information age started 15 years ago with microprocessors and for another 10 years it will be in the takeoff stage. Like an airport, a 747 approaching the
36、end of the runway is still gathering speed. So for information technology, for another five to seven years there will not be so much change, only increasing speed. But after that you fly. What that will mean, I cannot foresee. Im just preparing for the takeoff stage while Im president. The job of th
37、e next generation will be more important, Im just in-between. 31 Why does the president of Sony Corporation mention restaurants in the first paragraph? （ A） To praise Japanese restaurants for offering good services. （ B） To explain that Japanese restaurants are distinctive. （ C） To explain what has
38、just been said. （ D） To emphasize that restaurants are all alike. 32 What is the presidents view on digital cameras and traditional ones? （ A） Digital cameras will be cheaper than traditional ones in the near future. （ B） Digital cameras and traditional cameras will co-exist for ever. （ C） The price
39、s of digital cameras will go down very soon. （ D） Digital cameras will not take the place of traditional ones in the next few years. 33 What will take place in the next few years, according to the president? （ A） A big change in technologies and in the way of thinking. （ B） A change in digitalisatio
40、n. （ C） A change in the way of manufacturing. （ D） A change in the business cycle. 34 How long does each business cycle last, according to the president? （ A） 10 years. （ B） 14 or15 years. （ C） 25 years. （ D） 50 years. 35 What does the president say he is doing? （ A） He is designing jobs for the nex
41、t generation. （ B） He is preparing for the fly stage. （ C） He is doing something for the takeoff stage. （ D） He is flying an aircraft. 36 Laughter There is an old saying in English: “Laughter is the best medicine“. Until recently, few people took the saying very seriously. Now, however, doctors have
42、 begun to investigate laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found evidence that laughter really can improve peoples health. Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films, while doctors checked their heart rate, blood pressure,
43、breathing and muscies. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficia
44、l. Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be capable of reducing the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group which tolerated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a
45、funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽 ) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which diminish both stress and pain. There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the bodys immune system, that is, the system which f
46、ights infection. In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control group-in other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched t
47、he video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells, that is, the cells which fight infection. As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病学家 ) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they try to improve their patients condition by encouragin
48、g them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter. 36 We learn from the first paragraph that laughter （ A） is good for ones health. （ B） is related to some illne
49、ss. （ C） has been investigated long since. （ D） has no effect on the body. 37 Doctors have found that laughter （ A） keeps down blood pressure. （ B） has similar effects to physical exercise. （ C） decreases the heart rate. （ D） increases stress. 38 Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter, according to the passage? （ A） It reduces pain. （ B） It exercises the body. （ C） It improves the bodys immune system. （ D） It can cure can
