1、职称英语（理工类） A级模拟试卷 30及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The advertising company was surprised by the adverse public reaction to the poster. （ A） delayed （ B） quick （ C） positive （ D） unfavorable 2 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games whe
2、n an athlete breaks a previous record of performance. （ A） beats （ B） matches （ C） maintains （ D） announces 3 The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp response from the North, which led to the American Civil War. （ A） demanded （ B） elicited （ C） extracted （ D） defied 4 It was hard
3、to say why the man deserved such shabby treatment. （ A） unforgettable （ B） unbelievable （ C） unfair （ D） unthinkable 5 The towers of a suspension bridge serve as a rigid framework to which the cables are attached. （ A） boundary （ B） skeleton （ C） enclosure （ D） material 6 The use of the chemical may
4、 present a certain hazard to the laboratory workers. （ A） protection （ B） indication （ C） immunity （ D） danger 7 Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics. （ A） error （ B） function （ C） attraction （ D） miracle 8 The development of the transistor and integrated circuits revolutio
5、nized the electronics industry by allowing components to be packaged more densely. （ A） compactly （ B） inexpensively （ C） quick （ D） carefully 9 The leading astronomers of the sixteenth and seventeenth centries were fascinated by comets. （ A） intrigued （ B） infected （ C） inconvenienced （ D） inclined
6、 10 In their productions, choreographers of modern dance have introduced humor, protested social injustice, and probed psychological problems. （ A） solved （ B） explored （ C） involved （ D） disputed 11 They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means. （ A） solve （ B） determine （ C） untie （ D） compl
7、ete 12 The children trembled with fear when they saw the policeman. （ A） wept （ B） cried （ C） ran （ D） shook 13 We were shocked to find that Mary didt know her guests name. （ A） frustrated （ B） disturbed （ C） relieved （ D） surprised 14 I have got to abide by the rules. （ A） stick to （ B） persist in
8、（ C） safeguard （ D） apply 15 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn east. （ A） extends （ B） stretches （ C） broadens （ D） travels 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 How to Prepare for an Interview B
9、eing interviewed is a situation that nearly everyone faces at some time in life, whether for college or for a job. Most people face this ordeal with anxiety and even fear. However, people who prepare for an interview avoid much of this anxiety. Preparing for an interview involves doing advance resea
10、rch, choosing the right outfit, and planning appropriate communication with the interviewer. Doing research before the actual interview will increase the chances for a successful interview. Find out the location of the interview site and decide how to travel there to arrive on time. Nothing makes as
11、 poor an impression on an interviewer as arriving late. In addition, learn about the company or institution where you are being interviewed. This will help you ask intelligent questions. If your interview is for admission to a school, find out what courses the school offers in your field of interest
12、. For a job interview, find out about the kind of work the company does. If you already work at the company and are being interviewed for a promotion, research the duties of the job for which you are applying. Such research will show the interviewer that you are interested in obtaining the job or be
13、ing admitted to the school. Dressing appropriately for the interview is important because your appearance will be the first thing the interviewer notices about you. This means wearing clean, neatly pressed clothing and subdued color combinations such as brown or navy with white. You want to make a g
14、ood impression, but at the same time you do not want to attract attention to your clothing. Also, you want to show that you can use good judgment. If you wear loud colors or overly noticeable clothes, the interviewer might question your judgment about whats acceptable behavior for a school or office
15、 setting. Preparing what you might say to the interviewer will help you feel more in control of the situation. From your research, prepare a list of questions that you would like to ask the interviewer. As you prepare what you might say, remind yourself of what not to say. For instance, you wont wan
16、t to ask questions that are too personal. Also, remind yourself not to talk too much. Make a mental note to let the interviewer guide and control the course of the meeting. Also plan to answer the interviewers questions fully, explaining your answers rather than replying by saying only yes or no. Re
17、member, the interviewer is trying to form an impression of you and how you would fit in at the school or company. By following these steps, you will be prepared for your interview and feel more confident about the results. You will also increase your chances of making the good impression that is imp
18、ortant for getting accepted into the school of your choice or landing the job you want. 16 The feeling of anxiety and sometimes fear that people have when facing a job interview is something that cant be avoided. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Knowing something about the company or inst
19、itution where you are being interviewed will give the interviewer a good impression. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Appropriate clothing for an interview means clean and neat clothes that are not too eye-catching in color. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Inappropriate attire
20、 for an interview make the interviewer suspect that you do not have good judgment as to what the right behavior should be in a formal setting. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Talk to people who work or have worked at the company before the interviews. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not menti
21、oned 21 During the interview, you should avoid asking questions that are too personal. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Remember to answer all questions fully and not just reply yes or no. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23
22、-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 LED Lighting 1. An accidental discovery announced recently has taken LED lighting to a new level, suggesting it could soon offer a cheaper, longer-lasting alternative to the traditional light bulb. The breakthrough adds to a
23、 growing trend that is likely to eventually make Thomas Edisons bright invention obsolete. LEDs are already used in traffic lights, flashlights, and architectural lighting. They are flexible and operate less expensively than traditional lighting. 2. Michael Bowers, a graduate student at Vanderbilt U
24、niversity, was just trying to make really small quantum dots, which are crystals generally only a few nanometers big. Quantum dots contain any where from 100 to 1, 000 electrons. Theyre easily excited bundles of energy, and the smaller they are, the more excited they get. Each dot in Bowers particul
25、ar batch was exceptionally small, containing only 33 or 34 pairs of atoms. 3. When you shine a light on quantum dots or apply electricity to them, they react by producing their own light, normally a bright, vibrant color. But when Bowers shined a laser on his batch of dots, something unexpected happ
26、ened. He was surprised when a white glow covered the table. The quantum dots were supposed to emit blue light, but instead they were giving off a beautiful white glow. 4. Then Bowers and another student got the idea to stir the dots into polyurethane and coat a blue LED light bulb with the mix. The
27、lumpy bulb wasnt pretty, but it produced white light similar to a regular light bulb. 5. LEDs produce twice as much light as a regular 60 watt bulb and burn for over 50, 000 hours. The Department of Energy estimates LED lighting could reduce U. S. energy consumption for lighting by 29 percent by 202
28、5. LEDs dont emit heat, so theyre also more energy efficient. And theyre much harder to break. 6. Quantum dot mixtures could be painted on just about anything and electrically excited to produce a rainbow of colors, including white. The main light source of the future will almost surely not be a bul
29、b. It might be a table, a wall, or even a fork. A. LED Lighting Is Not Mature B. LED Lighting Will Replace Traditional Lighting C. Almost Everything Could Be the Main Light Source in the Future D. LED Lighting Has Many Advantages E. Bowers Made an Unexpected Discovery F. LED Light Bulbs Look Lumpy 2
30、3 Paragraph 1_. 24 Paragraph 3_. 25 Paragraph 5_. 26 Paragraph 6_. 26 A. traditional lighting is less durable and dearer B. a laser excited the quantum dots C. America adopted LEDS D. graduate students work hard E. quantum dot mixtures are magic F. it is more efficient 27 Unlike traditional lighting
31、, LEDs do not give out heat so_. 28 Edisons bright invention is likely to be outdated because_. 29 Something unexpected happened during Bowers experiment when_. 30 Over one quarter of energy consumption for lighting could be saved by 2025 if_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为
32、每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 The News Industry in US Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project. Sad to say
33、, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want. But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world
34、 through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each days events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news. There exists a social and cultural disconnect
35、between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates“ of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these commu
36、nities were phoned at random and asked the same questions. Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and theyre less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a co
37、mmunity. Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isnt rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between repor
38、ters and their readers. This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customer
39、s are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broad
40、ly by outlook, values, education, and class. 31 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） Needs of the readers all over the world. （ B） Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers. （ C） Origins of the declining newspaper industry. （ D） Aims of a journalism credibility project. 32 The results o
41、f the journalism credibility project turned out to be （ A） quite trustworthy （ B） somewhat contradictory （ C） very illuminating （ D） rather superficial 33 The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their_. （ A） working attitude （ B） conventional lifestyle （ C） world outloo
42、k （ D） educational background 34 Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its_. （ A） failure to realize its real problem （ B） tendency to hire annoying reporters （ C） likeliness to do inaccurate reporting （ D） prejudice in matters of race and gender 35 Ho
43、w does the author probably feel about the present newspaper industry? （ A） It is a promising industry. （ B） It is a prosperous industry. （ C） It is an out-of-date industry. （ D） It is a troubled industry. 35 Explorer of the Extreme Deep Oceans cover more than two-thirds of our planet. Yet, just a sm
44、all fraction of the underwater world has been explored. Now, Scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Massachusetts are building an underwater vehicle hat will carry explorers as deep as 6, 500 meters (21, 320 feet). The new machine, known as a manned submersible or human-ope
45、rated vehicle ( HOV) , will replace another one named Alvin which has an amazing record of discovery, playing a key role in various important and famous undersea expeditions. Alvin has been operating for 40 years but can go down only 4, 500 meters (14, 784 feet). Its about time for an upgrade, WHOI
46、researchers say. Alvin was launched in 1964. Since then, Alvin has worked between 200 and 250 days a year, says Daniel Fornari, a marine geologist and director of the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI. During its lifetime, Alvin has carried some 12, 000 people on a total of more than 3 , 000
47、dives. A newer, better versions of Alvin is bound to reveal even more surprises about a world that is still full of mysteries, Fornari says. It might also make the job of exploration a little easier. “We take so much for granted on land. “ Fornari says. “We can walk around and see with our eyes how
48、big things are. We can see colors, special arrangements. “ Size-wise, the new HOV will be similar to Alvin. Itll be about 37 feet long. The setting area inside will be a small sphere, about 8 feet wide, like Alvin. Itll carry a pilot and two passengers. It will be just as maneuverable. In most other
49、 ways, it will give passengers more opportunities to enjoy the view, for one thing. Alvin has only three windows, the new vehicle will have five, with more overlap so that the passengers and the pilot can see the same thing. Alvin can go up and down at a rate of 30 meters every second, and its maximum speed is 2 knots (about 2. 3 miles per hour) , while the new vehicle will be able to ascend and descend at 44 meters per second. Itll reach speeds of 3 knots, or 3. 5 miles
