1、职称英语（理工类） A级模拟试卷 43及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The union representative put across her argument very effectively. （ A） explained （ B） invented （ C） considered （ D） accepted 2 He talks tough but has a tender heart. （ A） heavy （ B） strong （
2、C） kind （ D） wild 3 It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. （ A） making （ B） taking （ C） discussing （ D） expecting 4 Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. （ A） waste （ B） buy （ C） use （ D） sell 5 The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. （ A）
3、function （ B） ability （ C） power （ D） volume 6 Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. （ A） tensely （ B） nearly （ C） carefully （ D） closely 7 Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. （ A） supported （ B） excited （ C） inspired （ D） directed 8 The book provides a concise analysis of the country
4、s history. （ A） clean （ B） perfect （ C） real （ D） brief 9 It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their membership cards at all times. （ A） suggested （ B） warned （ C） stated （ D） confirmed 10 The council meeting terminated at 2 oclock. （ A） began （ B） continued （ C） ended （ D）
5、 resumed 11 A red flag was placed there as a token of danger. （ A） sign （ B） substitute （ C） proof （ D） target 12 However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk change. （ A） reluctant （ B） eager （ C） pleased （ D） angry 13 It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of actio
6、n and did not merely regulate or enlarge an old one. （ A） limit （ B） control （ C） replace （ D） offset 14 The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area. （ A） deny （ B） investigate （ C） stress （ D） create 15 The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has g
7、reatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water. （ A） gradually （ B） suddenly （ C） excessively （ D） exceptionally 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容 对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 They Say Irelands the Best Ireland is the best place i
8、n the world to live in for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britains Economist magazine last week. The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being. The inde
9、x of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life“. Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion(拥挤 ), gender inequality and the hig
10、h cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8. 33 points out of 10. That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8. 07. Zimbabwe troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest(最差的 ), picking up only 3. 89 points. “Although rising incomes and increased ind
11、ividual choices are highly value,“ The report said, “some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown(崩溃 )in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact. “ “Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the
12、 new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life. “ The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics. No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the
13、 top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain. The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP(人均国内生产总值 )after Luxembou
14、rg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half of the league at 60th. 16 For 2,005 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Job security is the least important measure of life quality. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not
15、 mentioned 18 Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Ireland is positioned at No. 1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of
16、the old. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 To measure life quality is easy. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The United States of America is among the top 10 countries. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的
17、 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Hints for Reading Practice Most of US can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went
18、to bed at 10 p. m. or 2:30 a. m. made no difference. “Speed Reading“ courses teach students how to read more quickly. In such courses, teachers often ask students to find out how many words a minute they are reading. You can do this too: look at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and write down the pa
19、ge number you have reached. Obviously, you should not increase your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading. If you find something you dont understand in the book, or you cannot clearly remember the details of what you read, why not read the chapter again? Take four or five pages
20、 of an interesting book you happen to be reading now. Read these pages as fast as you can. Dont worry about whether you understand or not. If you keep doing this “lightning speed“ reading for a period of time, you will usually find that your normal speed has increased. Most paragraphs in an article
21、have a topic sentence that expresses the central idea. The opening paragraph often suggests the general direction and content of the. article, while paragraphs that follow expand or support the first. The closing paragraph often gives a summary of the most important points of the article. A. The Org
22、anization of an Article B. Whats Your Reading Speed? C. How to Increase Your Reading Speed? D. Understanding Over Speed E. Read Something Every Day F. Read Extensively 23 Paragraph 2_. 24 Paragraph 3_. 25 Paragraph 4_. 26 Paragraph 5_. 26 A. find the topic sentences B. find out the new words C. keep
23、 reading fast D. go to bed every day E. keep a record of their reading speed 27 You are advised to read something before you_. 28 In “Speed Reading“ courses, teachers often ask students to_. 29 You can improve your reading speed if you_. 30 It will help you to understand the article if you_. 四、 阅读理解
24、 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Losing Weight Girls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food, a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday. Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed
25、 that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds. Even at the tender age of 10, nearly 32 per cent of girls felt “too fat“ and 31 per cent said they were trying to diet. McVey, a researcher at the Hospital for Sick Children in
26、 Toronto, and her colleagues analyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario school girls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings in Tuesdays issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal. Nearly 80 percent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7. 2 per cent
27、were considered overweight using standard weight-to-height ratios. Most researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figure. Nearly 30 percent of the girls reported they were currently trying to lose weight, though few admitted to dangerous be
28、havior such as self-induced vomiting. Still, a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 per cent of survey participants were already at risk of developing an eating disorder. “Were not talking about kids whove been prescribed a diet because theyre above average weight or overweight. W
29、ere talking about children who are within a healthy weight range. And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight,“ McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbing. She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a compl
30、ex task, with no easy solutions. 31 The study showed that most of the girls_. （ A） were overweight （ B） were on a diet （ C） had unhealthy attitudes about weight （ D） had a healthy body weight 32 What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight? （ A） Nearly 80 percent. （ B） 7. 2 percent.
31、 （ C） Nearly 30 percent. （ D） 10. 5 percent. 33 The survey participants were girls_. （ A） who were 10 （ B） who were 14 （ C） who were 10 to 14 （ D） who were 10 to 18 34 What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with? （ A） A school. （ B） A hospital. （ C） An association. （ D） A charity. 35
32、 Unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food may_. （ A） lead to an eating disorder （ B） result from self-induced vomiting （ C） make it easier to gain weight （ D） bring about greater competition 35 Longer Lives for Wild Elephants Most people think of zoos as safe places for animals, where s
33、truggles such as difficulty finding food and avoiding predators dont exist. Without such problems, animals in zoos should live to a ripe old age. But that may not be true for the largest land animals on Earth. Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health. They develop d
34、iseases, joint problems and behavior changes. Sometimes, they even become infertile, or unable to have babies. To learn more about how captivity affects elephants, a team of international scientists compared the life spans of female elephants born in zoos with female elephants living outdoors in the
35、ir native lands. Zoos keep detailed records of all the animals in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates, illnesses, weight and death. These records made it possible for the researchers to analyze 40 years of data on 800 African and Asian elephants in zoos across Europe. The scientists
36、compared the life spans of the zoo-born elephants with the life spans of thousands of female wild elephants in Africa and Asian elephants that work in logging camps, over approximately the same time period. The team found that female African elephants born in zoos lived an average of 16. 9 years. Th
37、eir wild counterparts who died of natural causes lived an average of 56 years more than three times as long. Female Asian elephants followed a similar pattern. In zoos, they lived 18. 9 years, while those in the logging camps lived 41. 7 years. Scientists dont yet know why wild elephants seem to far
38、e so much better than their zoo-raised counterparts. Georgia Mason, a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada who led the study, thinks stress and obesity may be to blame. Zoo elephants dont get the same kind of exercise they would in the wild, and most are very fat. Elephant social lives ar
39、e also much different in zoos than in the wild, where they live in large herds and family groups. Another finding from the study showed that Asian elephants born in zoos were more likely to die early than Asian elephants captured in the wild and brought to zoos. Mason suggests stress in the mothers
40、in zoos might cause them to have babies that are less likely to survive. The study raises some questions about acquiring more elephants to keep in zoos. While some threatened and endangered species living in zoos reproduce successfully and maintain healthy populations, that doesnt appear to be the c
41、ase with elephants. “Currently, zoos are net consumers of elephants, not net producers,“ Mason says. 36 According to the first two paragraphs, unlike other zoo animals, zoo elephants_. （ A） have difficulty eating food （ B） live to a ripe old age （ C） are not afraid of predators （ D） develop health p
42、roblems 37 Which of the following about the international scientists research on the life spans of elephants is NOT true according to Paragraph 3? （ A） They compared zoo elephants with wild elephants. （ B） They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care. （ C） They analyzed the records
43、of the elephants kept in zoos. （ D） The zoo-born elephants they studied are kept in European zoos. 38 What do the scientists find in their research? （ A） Female elephants live longer than male elephants. （ B） Female zoo elephants live longer than their wild counterparts. （ C） Female zoo elephants di
44、e much earlier than their wild counterparts. （ D） Elephants in zoos and those in the wild enjoy the same long life spans. 39 What are the possible causes of stress and obesity zoo-raised elephants generally suffer from? （ A） They do not like living in herds. （ B） They do not get enough exercise. （ C
45、） They do not live with their families. （ D） Both B and C 40 Which of the following does the author suggest in the last paragraph? （ A） It may not be a wise policy to keep elephants in the zoo. （ B） Elephants are no longer an endangered species. （ C） Zoo-born elephants should be looked after more ca
46、refully. （ D） Zoos should keep more animals except elephants. 40 The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional “paid“ media such as television commercials and print advertisements still play a major role, companies today can exploit many
47、 alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create “earned“ media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage “owned“ media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. In fact, the way consumers now appro
48、ach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketings impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media. Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users responses. But
49、in some cases, one marketers owned media become another marketers paid media for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and wi
