1、职称英语（理工类） A级模拟试卷 53及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Her life is becoming more diverse. （ A） generous （ B） humorous （ C） varied （ D） romantic 2 Beef is an excellent material of iron. （ A） beginning （ B） storage （ C） source （ D） substance 3 Profe
2、ssor Taylors talk has indicated that science has a very strong influence on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists. （ A） motivation （ B） perspective （ C） impression （ D） impact 4 Please give my best wishes to your family. （ A） notices （ B） attention （ C） regards （ D） cares 5 The m
3、eaning is still obscure. （ A） transparent （ B） vague （ C） alien （ D） significant 6 Dumped waste might contaminate water supplies. （ A） destroy （ B） decrease （ C） pollute （ D） delay 7 What a juicy morsel it is! （ A） tidbit （ B） savory （ C） gossip （ D） steak 8 A long journey in cold weather is dreadfu
4、lly tiring. （ A） predictably （ B） noticeably （ C） terribly （ D） unfortunately 9 The bricklayer is working on the house. （ A） mason （ B） electrician （ C） plumber （ D） carpenter 10 They all think that the prices of personal computers will soon plunge. （ A） sink （ B） dip （ C） leap （ D） fall 11 Fourteen
5、 people were charged with offences including obstruction and resisting arrest. （ A） warfare （ B） violation （ C） robbery （ D） racism 12 The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain. （ A） question （ B） problem （ C） title （ D） topic 13 This is not typical of English, but is a feature of
6、 the Chinese language. （ A） particular （ B） characteristic （ C） remarkable （ D） idiomatic 14 Poor health and lack of money may both be to educational progress roadblocks. （ A） restraints （ B） stains （ C） scarcities （ D） barriers 15 The travelers were ready to enjoy the spectacular tidal waves when s
7、uddenly a thick fog came up and obscured the whole scene. （ A） blurred （ B） belittled （ C） banned （ D） collapsed 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出 判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Music and Driving Listening to loud music while driving can
8、seriously hamper reaction times and cause accidents, new research suggests. A Canadian study found people took up to 20% longer to perform physical and mental tasks to loud music. If motorists were delayed that long at the wheel they could suffer a fatal crash, warned the RAC Foundation, a British m
9、otoring organization. Edmund King, the RAC Foundations executive director, said the study showed that “not only is loud music a nuisance to other,it could also be the cause of accidents“. Earlier research by the RAC Foundation found drivers were twice as likely to skip a red light while listening to
10、 music. In the Canadian study volunteers carried out tasks while listening to levels of noise varying from 53 decibels ( equivalent to an office environment) to 95 decibels (equivalent to an oil rig). Researchers found reactions to be significantly decreased at higher noise levels for both physical
11、and mental work. At 95 decibels reaction times to tasks that involve decision making plummeted(骤然减少 ) by 20%.Edmund King said: “The findings of the Canadian study are bad news for decibel-loving drivers, as they prove that not only is loud music a nuisance to others, it could also be the cause of ac
12、cidents on the roads. “Drivers are at even greater risk if they listen to music with a pounding beat rather than more relaxed tunes, according to experts. Conrad King, consultant psychologist to the foundation, said: “ It is important that drivers choose their music carefully when driving,as up-temp
13、o music has been shown to cause drivers to have double the amount of accidents as those listening to slower music. “In general,if music is a-bove 60 beats per minute, listeners experience a faster rate and increased blood pressure. “It doesnt matter if you listen to opera, classical or the latest ra
14、ve music. Its the speed of the beat that counts. “ 16 According to scientific research, people may spend more time doing physical work if listening to loud music while doing the task. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Edmund King believes that loud music will do no harm to drivers. （ A） Ri
15、ght （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Besides car accidents, loud music may also cause heart attack. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 At 95 decibels, peoples reaction to decision making decreased by 53%. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Listening to the Jazz music can help drive
16、rs relax. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Conrad King suggests that drivers be careful when choosing the music. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 It can be concluded that speed of the beat is the most important criterion when choosing the music for a driver. （ A） Right （ B） Wro
17、ng （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面 的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 The Weight Experiment Nicola Walters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked
18、 in a small room called a“calorimeter“ (热量测量室 ) is one way to find out. 1.The signs above the two rooms read simply “Chamber One“and “Chamber Two“. These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign re
19、ads“ Please do not enter work in progress“ and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the residentvolunteer. 2.Nicola Walters is one of twenty volunteers
20、who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help with her training and fitness programme. As a self-employed communitydance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in ar
21、ound her work. She saw an advert for volunteers at her local gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out. 3.The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence was repeated four
22、 times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8: 30 am on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, her daily exercise routine, timed to the last second. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in fo
23、rms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysis. 4.The scientists help volunteers impose a kind of order on the long days they face in the room. “The first time, I only took one video and a book, but it was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time,“ says Nicola. And twice a day
24、 she used the exercise bike. She pedaled (踩踏板 ) for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didnt go too fast. 5.It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel ful
25、l. Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions. A.What does the calorimeter look like inside? B.What program was designed for the
26、experiment? C.What is a calorimeter? D.What is the first impression? E.How do the volunteers kill the time? F.Why did Nicola join in the experiments? 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 2_ 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 4_ 26 A.the volunteers do B.because she does not have a weight problem C.because the life
27、 there can be very boring D.make people overeat E.because she was her own boss F.after passing a high-protein test 27 The machinery outside the calorimeters records everything_. 28 Nicola Walters had time for the experiments_. 29 Volunteers have to get prepared for the time in the calorimeter_. 30 T
28、he experiments show that high-fat diets_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Motoring Technology 1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels t
29、hough some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster. Travelling at speed has always been dangerous. One advanced area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you dont miss important road signs or fall asleep. Most crashes result from
30、human and not mechanical faults. Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology “ sees through“ big vehicles blocking your view. And improvements to seat belts, pedal(脚踏 ) controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colo
31、ur of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, les.s surprisingly, size and shape. But whatever is in the fuel tank, you dont want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations (创新 ). Satellite tracking and remote communications can also come into play if you crash,
32、 automatically calling for help. Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road. Such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will p
33、erhaps one day be everyones personal chauffeur (司机 ) ,but their latest efforts suggest that wont be soon. 31 To reduce car crash rate, many scientists are working hard to_. （ A） design fully automatic cars （ B） develop faster electric vehicles （ C） analyze road deaths occurring worldwide each year （
34、 D） improve the safety of cars and develop new fuels 32 According to the second paragraph, most road accidents happen due to_. （ A） heavy traffic （ B） human mistakes （ C） engine failure （ D） bad weather 33 Which of the following safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A） Windscreens t
35、hat can help drivers to improve their vision. （ B） Radars that can help drivers to see obstacles in fog. （ C） Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicles. （ D） Improvements in seat belts, pedal controls and tyres. 34 Satellite tracking and remote communication systems can be used to_.
36、（ A） reduce oil consumption （ B） remove the obstacles on the road （ C） call for help when ones car crashes （ D） help drivers get out of a traffic jam 35 Which of the following statements is true of robotic drivers? （ A） It will take some time before robotic drivers are available. （ B） Robotic driver
37、s are not allowed to drive on busy roads. （ C） Robotic drivers can never replace human drivers. （ D） Robotic drivers are too expensive to use. 35 A Ride in a Cable-car A ride in a cable-car is one of the exciting and enjoyable experiences a child can have. In Switzerland, which is the home of the ca
38、ble-car, it is used mostly to take tourists up the slope of a mountain, to a restaurant from which one can have a bird-eye view of the surrounding country, or to a top of a ski-run, from which, in winter, skiers glide down the snow covered the slope on skis. In Singapore, however, the cable-car take
39、s one from the summit of a hill on the main island to a low hill on Sentosa, a resort island just off the southern coast. The cable-car is really a carriage which hangs from a strong steel cable suspended in the air. It moves along the cable with other cars on pulleys, the wheels of which are turned
40、 by electric motors. The cars are painted in eye-catching colours and spaced at regular intervals. Each car can seat up six persons. After the passengers have entered a car, they are locked in from outside by an attendant, they have no control over the movement of the car. Before long, the passenger
41、s get a breath-taking view through the glass windows of the modem city, the bustling harbour, and the several islands off the coast. The car is suspended so high in the air that slips on the sea look like small boats, and boats like toys. On a clear day, both the sky above and the sea below look bea
42、utifully blue. In contrast to the fast-moving traffic on the ground, the cars in the air move in a leisurely manner, allowing passengers more than enough time to take in the scenery during the brief trip to the island of Sentosa. After a few hours on Sentosa, it will be time again to take a cable-ca
43、r back to Mount Faber. The return journey is no less exciting than the outward trip. 36 The cable-car in Singapore_. （ A） takes visitors up to a mountain restaurant （ B） takes skiers to the top of a ski-run （ C） takes visitors to Sentosa （ D） takes visitors to a high mountain 37 Which of the followi
44、ng about the cable-cars is true? （ A） The cars move along the steel cable. （ B） The cars are operated by a driver. （ C） The cars are controlled by the passengers. （ D） The cars move on wheels. 38 Passengers can get a breath-taking view when riding in a cable-car because_. （ A） the car is painted in
45、eye-catching colours （ B） the car is suspended so high in the sky （ C） each car can seat up to six persons （ D） both the sky and the sea look beautifully blue 39 The short trip does not bother passengers who want a good view because_. （ A） the cars move slowly （ B） the cars move quickly （ C） the car
46、s are suspended very high （ D） the cars have glass windows 40 The last sentence of the passage “The return journey is no less exciting than the outward trip“ , means_. （ A） The return trip is less boring than the outward ones. （ B） The return trip is more enjoyable than the outward ones. （ C） The re
47、turn trip is as thrilling as the outward one. （ D） Both the outward and the return trips are uninteresting. 40 Thirst for Oil Worldwide every day, we devour the energy equivalent of about 200 million barrels of oil. Most of the energy on Earth comes from the Sun. In fact enough energy from the Sun h
48、its the planets surface each minute to cover our needs for an entire year, we just need to find an efficient way to use it. So far the energy in oil has been cheaper and easier to get at. But as supplies dwindle , this will change, and we will need to cure our addiction to oil. Burning wood satisfie
49、d most energy needs until the steam-driven industrial revolution, when energy-dense coal became the fuel of choice. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one quarter of our energy needs, but its use has been declining since we started pumping up oil. Coal is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel, but could make a comeback, as supplies are still plentiful: its rese
