1、职称英语（理工类） B级模拟试卷 16及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 There is no risk to public health. （ A） point （ B） danger （ C） chance （ D） hope 2 Strenuous exercise may protect aging brain. （ A） Effortful （ B） Willing （ C） Detective （ D） Bloody 3 He made a
2、 considerable sum of money in real estate. （ A） large （ B） positive （ C） powerful （ D） realistic 4 Mary has blended the ingredients. （ A） made （ B） mixed （ C） cooked （ D） eaten 5 We should contemplated the problem from all sides. （ A） deliberated （ B） thought （ C） described （ D） designed 6 He emphas
3、ized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides. （ A） favorable （ B） possible （ C） formal （ D） genuine 7 While we dont agree, we continue to be friends. （ A） Whoever （ B） Where （ C） Although （ D） Whatever 8 We will take your recent illness into consideration when marking your exams. （ A
4、） effect （ B） account （ C） effort （ D） discount 9 The nursery is bright and cheerful. （ A） pleasant （ B） colorful （ C） fashionable （ D） different 10 Winston Churchill gave a moving speech. （ A） nervous （ B） foolish （ C） stirring （ D） fast 11 The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Brita
5、in. （ A） question （ B） problem （ C） title （ D） topic 12 We have never seen such gorgeous hills. （ A） beautiful （ B） stretching （ C） spreading （ D） rolling 13 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day. （ A） eats （ B） drinks （ C） buys （ D） produces 14 The traditional paintings are (exhibited) on the secon
6、d floor. （ A） laid （ B） displayed （ C） kept （ D） stored 15 The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses. （ A） continuous （ B） relative （ C） general （ D） sharp 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是
7、错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Earthquake How does an earthquake start? What makes an earthquake happen? The rock of the earths crust (地壳 ) may have a fault, a kind of break in the surface. The blocks which make up the earth move, and sometimes this may cause the sides of the fault to move up an
8、d down or lengthways (纵向地 ) against each other. When one piece of rock starts to rub on another with great force, a lot of energy is used. This energy is changed into vibrations (振动 ) and it is these vibrations that we reef as an earthquake. The vibrations can travel thousands of kilometers and so a
9、n earthquake in Turkey may be felt in Greece. What to do during an earthquake? At school As soon as the earthquake starts, students should get under the desks immediately and wait until the teacher tells them it is safe to come out. The teacher should, at the same time, go immediately to the teacher
10、s desk, get underneath (在 下面 ) it and stay there till the danger is over. Students must not argue with the teacher or question instructions. As soon as the tremors (震动 ) stop, all students should walk towards the exit and go straight to the school playground or any open space such as a square or a p
11、ark. They must wait there until the teacher tells them it is safe to go. At home If you are at home when the earthquake occurs, get immediately under the table in the living room or kitchen. Choose the biggest and strongest table you can find. You must not go anywhere near the window and dont go out
12、 onto the balcony (阳台 ). Once the tremors have stopped, you can come out from under the table but you must leave the building straight away. You should walk down the stairs and should not use the lift - there may be a power cut as a result of the earthquake and you could find yourself trapped inside
13、 the lift for hours. In the street If you are in the street when the earthquake takes place, do not stand near buildings, fences or walls - move away as quickly as possible arid try to find a large open space to wait in. Standing under trees could also be dangerous. 16 People knew long ago how an ea
14、rthquake starts （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Thousands of people were killed during an earthquake in Turkey. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 As soon as an earthquake occurs, students should leave the building （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Students should go t
15、o the school playground or an open space once the tremors stop. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 If you are at home when an earthquake occurs, stand near a big table （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The best way to leave the building during an earthquake is to get into a lift （
16、 A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 If you are in the street when an earthquake occurs, stay in a large open space （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分 ，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 T
17、he Supercomputer Network 1 Recently, ten laboratories run by governments in different parts of the world have become linked. Their computers have been connected so they can “talk“ to each other. This may not seem very dramatic news, but it Is the beginning of a development that will Increase the pow
18、er of the Internet tremendously. 2 The Internet Is an Interconnected (互联 ) system of networks that connects computers round the world and facilitates the transmission and exchange of information. The way that you use the Internet is by accessing this network. This depends on the power that your syst
19、em allows you to use. The power of your computer is responsible for how fast you can download (下载 ) files, how much data you can store, etc. If your computer is old and slow, accessing the information can be very difficult. 3 The new development in information technology has been called “the grid“ (
20、网格技术 ), and it will be a network of computers that are linked together. The “grid“ will work in a different way from the Internet, enabling you to get the power of the biggest computers in the world on your computer. Accessing the information will no longer depend on the power of your computer. The
21、idea is that while you access information, you will also have access to the power of the bigger computer stations. 4 One advantage of this revolutionary idea is that geographical location will become irrelevant. The “grid“ will decide which are the best parts of a worldwide network to do the job you
22、 want. This means that you may be accessing a computer in Japan to solve a problem in Alaska. 5 The “grid“ can be compared to having an efficient personal assistant. You can give your assistant a task and “he“ will do it for you. The assistant will do the preliminary research, collect the data, comp
23、are them and decide on the best course of action by accessing any of the computer centres in the “grid“ that happen to have the relevant information. All you have to do is assign the task, sit back and wait. 6 At present, possible applications of the “grid“ in scientific research are being explored
24、While It has taken about fifteen years for Internet use to become widespread, experts believe that the “grid“ could be up and running for private individuals far more quickly. Scientists working on “grid“ projects are convinced that it will be as widely used as the web in the next ten years. 23 A. H
25、ow does the “grid“ work? B. Power shared C. Just make a request D. Limitations of present Internet use E. Distance is not a problem F. A new era for the Internet 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 27 A. the bigger computer stations B. the advantage C. ten years D. in
26、formation E. your personal assistant F. fifteen years 27 Traditionally the power of your computer determines how fast you can access _. 28 The “grid“ will enable you to get on your computer the power of _ in the wodd. 29 The “grid“ would be like _, who can perform your tasks efficiently. 30 It is be
27、lieved that the widespread use of the “grid“ will become possible in the next _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Underground Coal Fires A Looming Catastrophe Coal burning deep underground in China, India and Indonesia is threatening the environment and human li
28、fe, scientists have warned. These large-scale underground blazes cause the ground temperature to heat up and kill surroundings vegetation, produce greenhouse gases and can even ignite forest fires, a panel of scientists told the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Scien
29、ce in Denver. The resulting release of poisonous elements like arsenic and mercury can also pollute local water sources and soils, they warned. “Coal fires are a global catastrophe,“ said Associate Professor Glenn Stracher of East Georgia College in Swainsboro, USA. But surprisingly few people know
30、about them. Coal can heat up on its own, and eventually catch fire and burn, if there is a continuous oxygen supply. The heat produced is not caused to disappear and under the right combinations of sunlight and oxygen, can trigger spontaneous catching fire and burning. This can occur underground, in
31、 coal stockpiles, abandoned mines or even as coal is transported. Such fires in China consume up to 200 million tones of coal per year, delegates were told. In comparison, the US economy consumes about one billion tons of coal annually, said Stracher, whose analysis of the likely impact of coal fire
32、s has been accepted for publication in the International Journal of coal ecology, once underway, coal fires can burn for decades, even centuries. In the process, they release large volumes of greenhouse gases; poisonous gases fumes and black particles in to the atmosphere. The members of the panel d
33、iscussed the impact these fires may be having on global and regional climate change, and agreed that the underground nature of the fires makes them difficult to protect. One of the members of the panel, Assistant Professor Pan1 Van Dijk of the International Institute for Goo-Information Science and
34、Earth Observation in the Netherlands, has been working with the Chinese government to detect and monitor fires in the northern regions of the country. Ultimately, the remote sensing and other techniques should allow scientists to estimate how much carbon dioxide theses fires are emitting. One sugges
35、ted method of containing the fires was presented by Cary Colaozzi, of the engineering firm Goodson, which bas developed a heat-resistant grout (a thin mortar used to fill cracks and crevices,) which is designed to be pumped into the coal fire to cut off the oxygen supply. 31 According to the first p
36、aragraph, one of the warnings given by the scientists is that _. （ A） underground, fires loom large in the forests （ B） coal burning deep underground is found in China （ C） poisonous elements released by the underground fires can pollute water sources （ D） arsenic and mercury are the most poisonous
37、elements to water sources 32 According to the third paragraph, what will happen when the underground heat does not disappear? （ A） Coal heats up on its own and catches fire and bums. （ B） The underground oxygen will be used up. （ C） Poisonous fumes and greenhouse gases will be accumulated undergroun
38、d. （ D） There will be an increases of abandoned mines. 33 What did Stracher analyze in his article published in the International Journal of Coal Ecology? （ A） Annual consumption of coal in US. （ B） Annual consumption of coal in China. （ C） How long coal fires has lasted in the northern region of Ch
39、ina. （ D） Coal fires can have an impact on the environment. 34 Which of the following statements about Paul Van Dijk is Not true? （ A） He was one of the scientists who have warned against the threats of underground fires. （ B） He has detected and monitored underground fires in Netherlands. （ C） He h
40、as worked with the Chinese government on the underground fires issue. （ D） He works for a research institute in Netherlands. 35 According to the fifth paragraph, what is the suggested method to control underground fires? （ A） Using remote sensing techniques. （ B） Controlling the release of carbon di
41、oxide. （ C） Making the soil heat resistant. （ D） Cutting off the oxygen supply. 36 Electronic Mail During the past few years, scientist the world over have suddenly found themselves productively engaged in task they once spent their lives avoiding writing, any kind of writing but particularly letter
42、 writing. Encouraged by electronic mails surprisingly high speed, convenience and economy, people who never before touched the stuff are regularly, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence. Electronic networks, woven into the fabric of scientific communication these day
43、s, are the route to colleagues in distant counties, shared data, bulletin boards and electronic journals. Anyone with a personal computer, a modem.and the software to link computers over telephone lines can sign on. An estimated five million scientists have done so with more joining every day, most
44、of them communicating through a bundle of interconnected domestic and foreign routes known collectively as the internet, or net. E-mail is staring to edge out the fax, the telephone, overnight mail, and of course, land mail. It shrinks time and distance between scientific collaborators, in part beca
45、use it is conveniently asynchronous (writers can type while their colleagues across time zones sleep; their message will be waiting). If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication. Jeremy Bemstei, the physicist and science writer, once called E-mail the physicists
46、 umbilical cord. Lately other people, too, have been discovering its connective virtues. Physicists are using it; college students are using it, everybody is using it, and as a sign that it has come of age, the New Yorker has accelerates its liberating presence with a cartoon an appreciative dog sea
47、ted at a keyboard, saying happily, “On the Intemet, nobody knows youre a dog.“ 36 The reasons given below about the popularity of E-mail can be found in the passage except _. （ A） direct and reliable （ B） time-saving in delivery （ C） money-saving （ D） available at any time 37 How is the Intemet or n
48、et explained in the passage? （ A） Electronic routes used to read home and international journals. （ B） Electronic routes used to fax or correspond overnight. （ C） Electronic routes waiting for correspondence while one is sleeping. （ D） Electronic routes connected among millions of users, home and ab
49、road. 38 What does the sentence “If it is not speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating com- munication most probably mean? （ A） The quick speed of correspondence may have ill-effects on discoveries （ B） Although it does not speed up correspondence, it helps make discoveries. （ C） It quickens mutual communication even if it does not accelerate discoveries. （ D） It shrinks time for communication and accelerates discoveries. 39 What does the sentence “On the
