1、职称英语（理工类） B级模拟试卷 22及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Tonight s live coverage of the hockey game is very wonderful. （ A） barrage （ B） orphanage （ C） reportage （ D） usage 2 I will draft a letter for you. （ A） clarify （ B） formulate （ C） revise （ D
2、） contribute 3 The benefits are immense. （ A） much （ B） extensive （ C） little （ D） enormous 4 The man is a mystery for his neighbors. （ A） problem （ B） puzzle （ C） question （ D） point 5 She omitted to mention that they were staying the night. （ A） failed （ B） forgotten （ C） deleted （ D） left out 6 H
3、e struck him with a mighty blow across his shoulder. （ A） very strong （ B） very long （ C） very great （ D） very fast 7 I dont know if the painting is authentic. （ A） elegant （ B） genuine （ C） intentional （ D） thorough 8 The police crept up from behind and took the gangster by surprise. （ A） violent c
4、riminal （ B） politician （ C） musician （ D） industrialist 9 Growing levels of pollution represent a serious health hazard to the local population. （ A） protection （ B） indication （ C） immunity （ D） danger 10 Peking is a densely populated area. （ A） compactly （ B） inexpensively （ C） quickly （ D） caref
5、ully 11 The government proposed changes to the voting system. （ A） stated （ B） declared （ C） suggested （ D） announced 12 There seemed to be no motive for the murder. （ A） reason （ B） argument （ C） target （ D） stimulus 13 No civilized country should deem theft lawful. （ A） legal （ B） irresistible （ C
6、） enjoyable （ D） profitable 14 We had only a vague description of the attacker. （ A） concise （ B） imprecise （ C） unpolished （ D） elementary 15 If the symptoms persist, consult your doctor. （ A） insist （ B） persevere （ C） continue （ D） resist 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句
7、子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Look After Your Voice Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva(唾液 )in your mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.
8、Or, press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow. Or you can imagine that you are slicing(切片 )a big juicy lemon and sucking(吮吸 )the juice. Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your
9、throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted(稀释的 )fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to
10、see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice. What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The
11、 second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until you finish speaking. Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you
12、can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating sinks or swimming pools, said, “We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter. “ Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, y
13、ou will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body. 16 To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The first paragraph mentions three ways of activating the saliva in th
14、e mouth. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The writer s advice about alcohol before you make a speech is to take one or two drinks so as to give yourself som
15、e confidence. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Goethe often did outdoor skating and swimming. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The writer cites Go
16、ethe to prove that one can change one s habits. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Electromagnetic Energy 1 White light seems to be a combination of all colors
17、. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are exa
18、mples of electromagnetic energy. 2 The sun is 93 million miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space. 3 Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, television, and radar signals travel from transmitters
19、 to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared(红外线的 )radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. Ultraviolet rays(紫外线 )and X-rays are electromagneti
20、c waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so much energy
21、that they travel through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones. 4 Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat
22、from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too. 5 Until recently, the source of the tremendou
23、s amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclea
24、r energy was harnessed(利用 )by man. Chemical energy comes from electron(电子 )rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the sun s energy co
25、mes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium(氦 ). 6 Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obt
26、aining and using energy. A. Nuclear Reactions as the Uasting Source of the Sun s Energy B. The Most Important Source of Energy C. Types of Electromagnetic Energy D. The Machines Used for Energy Generation E. Seeking New Sources of Energy F. The Use of Ultraviolet Radiation in Medicine 23 Paragraph 3
27、 24 Paragraph 4 25 Paragraph 5 26 Paragraph 6 26 A. when it is absorbed by matter B. when it is cloudy C. because they can pass through solid objects D. when the sunrays are fierce E. when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place F. when electron rearrangement takes place 27 One can get a sunb
28、urn even _. 28 Infrared radiation can produce heat_. 29 X-rays and gamma rays can be used to detect and treat cancer 30 Chemical energy is generated_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 The Biology of Music Humans use music as a powerful way to communicate. It may
29、 also play an important role in love. But what is music, and how does it work its magic? Science does not yet have all the answers. What are two things that make humans different from animals? One is language, and the other is music. It is true that some animals can sing(and many birds sing better t
30、han a lot of people). However, the songs of animals, such as birds and whales, are very limited. It is also true that humans, not animals, have developed musical instruments. Music is strange stuff. It is clearly different from language. However, people can use music to communicate things especially
31、 their emotions. When music is combined with speech in a song, it is a very powerful form of communication. But, biologically speaking, what is music? If music is truly different from speech, then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain. The scientific evidence suggests
32、that this is true. Sometimes people who suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language. However, they dont automatically(自动地 )lose their musical abilities. For example, Vissarion Shebalin, a Russian composer, had a stroke(中风 )in 1953. It injured the left side of his brain. He could no lo
33、nger speak or understand speech. He could, however, still compose music until his death ten years later. On the other hand, sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability, but they can still speak and understand speech. This shows that the brain processes music and language separately.
34、 By studying the physical effects of music on the body, scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions. But why does music have such a strong effect on us? That is a harder question to answer. Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College, London, thinks that music
35、and love have a strong connection. Music requires special talent, practice, and physical ability. That s why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone s mate. For example, singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control. You also need a good memory to remem
36、ber the notes(音符 ). And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition. Finally, when a man sings to the woman he loves(or vice versa), it may be a way of showing off. However, Miller s theory still doesn t explain why certain combinations of sounds inf
37、luence our emotions so deeply. For scientists, this is clearly an area that needs further research. 31 Music can NOT be used_. （ A） as an efficient way to communicate （ B） as an effective tool to perform magic tricks （ C） to successfully seek after a lover （ D） to influence the emotions of humans 32
38、 Humans are different from animals because_. （ A） they have different languages and music （ B） they have different languages and communications （ C） they have different songs and languages （ D） they have different music and songs 33 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） People who lose the
39、ir ability to process language also lose their musical abilities. （ B） People who injure the left sides of their brains can speak and understand music. （ C） People who injure the left sides of their brains cant compose music. （ D） People use different parts of their brains to process music and langu
40、age. 34 The author doesnt suggest that_. （ A） music requires special talent （ B） music requires practice （ C） music requires psychological ability （ D） music requires physical ability 35 What is the main idea of the passage? （ A） What are the differences of human music and animal music. （ B） What ar
41、e the differences of human language and animal language. （ C） What is music in the aspect of biology. （ D） What is music in the aspect of zoology. 35 Media and Current Events The media can impact current events. As a graduate student at Berkeley in the 1960s, I remember experiencing the events relat
42、ed to the People s Park that were occurring on campus. Some of these events were given national media coverage in the press and on TV. I found it interesting to compare my impressions of what was going on with perceptions obtained from the news media. I could begin to see events of that time feed on
43、 news coverage. This also provided me with some healthy insights into the distinctions between these realities. Electronic media are having a greater impact on the people s lives every day. People gather more and more of their impressions from representations. Television and telephone communications
44、 are linking people to a global village, or what one writer calls the electronic city. Consider the information that television brings into your home every day. Consider also the contact you have with others simply by using telephone. These media extend your consciousness and your contact. For examp
45、le, the video coverage of the 1989 San Francisco earthquake focused on “live action“ such as the fires or the rescue efforts. This gave the viewer the impression of total disaster. Television coverage of the Iraqi War also developed an immediacy. CNN reported events as they happened. This coverage w
46、as distributed worldwide. Although most people were far away from these events, they developed some perception of these realities. In 1992, many people watched in horror as riots broke out on a sad Wednesday evening in Los Angeles, seemingly fed by video coverage from helicopters. This event was tri
47、ggered by the verdict(裁定 )in the Rodney King beating. We are now in an age where the public can have access to information that enables it to make its own judgments, and most people, who had seen the video of this beating, could not understand how the jury(陪审团 )was able to acquit(宣布无罪 )the policemen
48、 involved. Media coverage of events as they occur also provides powerful feedback that influences events. This can have harmful results, as it seemed on that Wednesday night in Los Angeles. By Friday night the public got to see Rodney King on television pleading, “Can we all get along?“ By Saturday,
49、 television seemed to provide positive feedback as the Los Angeles riot turned out into a rally for peace. The television showed thousands of people marching with banners and cleaning tools. Because of that, many more people turned out to join the peaceful event they saw unfolding(展开 )on television. The real healing, of course, will take much longer, but electronic media will continue to be a part of that process. 36 The best title for the passage is_. （ A） The 1992 Los Angeles Riots
