1、职称英语（理工类） B级模拟试卷 28及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 He didnt ignore her intentionally just didnt recognize her. （ A） absolutely （ B） deliberately （ C） noticeably （ D） sufficiently 2 By the 1930s, the wolf had vanished from the American West. （
2、A） disappeared （ B） arrived （ C） left （ D） departed 3 Lets explore this issue more fully. （ A） investigate （ B） implore （ C） venture （ D） explode 4 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth. （ A） take out （ B） repair （ C） push in （ D） dig 5 This table is strong and durable. （ A） eternal （ B）
3、far-reaching （ C） extensive （ D） long-lasting 6 It is advisable to wear sunscreen when out in the sun. （ A） possible （ B） profitable （ C） easy （ D） sensible 7 She is incapable of doing the demanding job. （ A） qualified of （ B） incompetent with （ C） good at （ D） ignorant of 8 She exhibited great powe
4、rs of endurance during the climb. （ A） played （ B） sent （ C） showed （ D） told 9 The U. S. faces severe economic problems. （ A） slight （ B） several （ C） successive （ D） serious 10 You should cultivate the habit of reading carefully. （ A） invent （ B） begin （ C） develop （ D） initiate 11 The sports meet
5、 was postponed owing to the heavy rain. （ A） put up （ B） put away （ C） put off （ D） put on 12 I asked her if she would allow me to interview her, and she readily agreed. （ A） willingly （ B） suddenly （ C） firmly （ D） quickly 13 Apparently in interviews he refuses to talk about his private life. （ A）
6、family （ B） personal （ C） miserable （ D） unhappy 14 The excitement of hunting big game in Africa has been a lure to Europeans for 200 years. （ A） error （ B） function （ C） attraction （ D） miracle 15 Norman Blarney is an artist of deep convictions. （ A） claims （ B） suggestions （ C） beliefs （ D） statem
7、ents 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Look After Your Voice Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in your mouth. F
8、irst gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or, press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flows. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice. Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice, Avoid milk
9、 or creamy drinks which dry your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice. Save your voice for your health. You may feel foolish
10、using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If it is necessary , perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one dr
11、ink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking. Perhaps you want to a
12、ccept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, “We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter“. Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your
13、new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body. 16 To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The first paragraph mention
14、s three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The writers advice about alcohol before you make a speech is to take on
15、e or two drinks so as to give yourself some confidence. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Goethe often did outdoor skating and swimming. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong
16、 （ C） Not mentioned 22 The writer cites Goethe to prove that one can change ones habits. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Messages from the Media 1 The weath
17、er forecast, a story about the candidates in an election, and movie reviews are examples of messages from the media. A communication medium, of which the plural(复数的 )form is media, is a means of communicating a message. Examples of media are television, radio, news-papers and books and the telephone
18、. The media that can reach many people at once are called mass media. 2 It is not difficult to think of other messages we receive through the mass media. Every day we get hundreds of them. Think about advertisements, for example. We see and hear these messages almost everywhere we go. Advertisements
19、 are important messages, even though they are sometimes annoying. They help us compare and evaluate products. 3 Most of us get more information from the media than from the classroom. Think for a moment, about how you learn about local news and events. Do you depend on other people or the media? Wha
20、t about international news? What is the most important source of information for you? People who are asked this question usually answer, “Television“. 4 Think of all the messages you received today. Perhaps you read a newspaper during breakfast, or maybe you read advertisements on billboards(露天广告牌 )
21、on your way to school. Did you listen to a weather forecast or the sports news on the radio this morning? Right now you are getting information through a very important medium of mass communication a book. 5 We use the information we get from radio, television, newspapers, and other media to make de
22、cisions and form opinions. That is why the mass media are so important. Editorials and articles in newspapers help us decide how to vote, consumer reports on television help us decide how to spend our money, and international news on the radio makes us think and form opinions about question of war a
23、nd peace. A Importance of Classroom Learning. B Television A Rich Source of Information. C Advertisements as important Messages from the Mass Media. D Various Messages One May Receive Each Day. E Media Means to Communicate Messages. F Importance of the Mass Media. 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25
24、Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5_ 26 A sports news B our decisions and opinions C mass communication D our messages E source of information F the mass media 27 Each day we get a lot of messages from_. 28 Television, radio and books are all important media of_. 29 For most people television is the most im
25、portant_. 30 The mass media are important to us because they shape_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Food Fright Experiments under way in several labs aim to create beneficial types of genetically modified(GM)foods, including starchier potatoes and caffeine-fre
26、e coffee beans. Genetic engineers are even trying to transfer genes from a cold-water fish to make a frost-resistant tomato. A low-sugar GM strawberry now in the works might one day allow people with health problems such as diabetes to enjoy the little delicious red fruits again. GM beans and grains
27、 supercharged with protein might help people at risk of developing kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor, a disease caused by severe lack of protein, is common in parts of the world where there are severe food shortages. Commenting on GM foods, Jonathon Jones, a British researcher, said, “The future benefits wil
28、l be enormous, and the best is yet to come. “ To some people, GM foods are no different from unmodified foods. “ A tomato is a tomato, “ said Brian Sansoni, an American food manufacturer. Critics of GM foods challenge Sansonis opinion. They worry about the harm that GM crops might do to people, othe
29、r animals, and plants. In a recent lab study conducted at Cornell University, scientists tested pollen made by Bt corn, which makes up one-fourth of the U. S. corn crop. The scientist sprinkled the pollen onto milkweed, a plant that makes a milky juice and is the only known food source of the monarc
30、h butterfly caterpillar. Within four days of munching on the milkweed leaves, almost half of a test group of caterpillars had died. “ Monarchs are considered to be a flagship species for conservation, “ said Cornell researcher Linda Raynor. “This is a warning bell. “ Some insects that are not killed
31、 by GM foods might find themselves made stronger. How so? The insecticides used to protect most of todays crops are sprayed on the crops when needed and decay quickly in the environment. But GM plants produce a continuous level of insecticide. Insect species feeding on those crops may develop resist
32、ance to the plants and could do so in a hurry, say the critics. Insects may also develop a resistance to the insecticide Bt. At the forum on GM food held last year in Canada, GM crops that have been made resistant to the herbicide might crossbreed with wild plants, creating“ superweeds“ that could t
33、ake over whole fields. So where do you stand? Should GM foods be banned in the United States, as they are in parts of Europe? Or do their benefits outweigh any of the risks they might carry? 31 Paragraphs 1, 2 generalise abstract ideas from specific experience; and, conversely, compile detailed plan
34、s of action from general commands such as “earn a living“ or “make more robots“. The Moravec manifesto(宣告 )runs something like this. As robots start to become useful in generation one, theyll begin to take on many tasks in industry. Driven by the availability of this cheap and tireless labour force,
35、 the economy will boom and the demand for robots will grow so rapidly that they will soon become low-cost commodity items. So much so that theyll move into the home, where the domestic robot will relieve us of many chores. With increasing automation in generations two and three, the length of the av
36、erage working day will plummet, eventually to near zero. Most people will be unemployed as robots take over not just primary industry, but the service economy too. Moravec sees the fourth generation as an opportunity to surpass our human limitations. These future machines will be our“mind children“.
37、 Like biological children of previous generations , they will embody humanitys best hope for a long-term future. 41 What will be the distinctive feature of the second generation robots? （ A） They will be able to recognize speeches and texts. （ B） They will be able to learn by themselves. （ C） They w
38、ill be able to predict problems. （ D） They will be able to match human reasoning and behaviour. 42 Which of the following statements is true of the future robots? （ A） They will relieve us of many chores. （ B） They will take over the information industry. （ C） They will never surpass us. （ D） They w
39、ill become high-cost commodity items. 43 The authors main purpose is to_. （ A） describe the life of Hans Moravec （ B） support the view that robots will play a major role in our life （ C） make fun of the views of Hans Moravec （ D） get people prepared for the threat of future robots 44 The word“plumme
40、t“ in paragraph 6 means_. （ A） decrease （ B） stretch （ C） extend （ D） grow 45 What does Moravec think of these future robots? （ A） They will look like previous biological children. （ B） They will be humans mind-children. （ C） They will create a dangerous world. （ D） They will rule the world. 五、 补全短文
41、 (第 46-50，每题 2分，共 10分 ) 下面的短文有 5处空白，短文后有 6个句子，其中 5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 45 Science and Technology There is a difference between science and technology. 【 B1】 _Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theori
42、es that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. 【 B2】 _ Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to understand the universe and know the truth within the highest degr
43、ee of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other peoples likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. 【 B3】 _But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technolo
44、gy; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sound produced by a supersonic(超音速的 )aircraft flying overhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air.【 B4】 _The purpose of technology is to serve people people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who pr
45、esently wish to gain advantage for themselves. 【 B5】 _Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion(枯竭 )and even social decay in general so much so that the promise of technology is “obscured“. That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of
46、science and technology do not lead to a better world, what else will? A Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. B Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. C What scientists discover may shock or anger people
47、 as did Darwins theory of evolution. D Science and technology are different. E We are all familiar with the improper use of technology. F Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. 46 【 B1】 47 【 B2】 48 【 B3】 49 【 B4】 50 【 B5】 六、 完形填空
48、 (第 51-65题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面的短文有 15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定 1个最佳选项。 50 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk Fast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of【 C1】 _so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London 【 C2】 _in a
49、new study. Statins reduce the【 C3】 _of unhealthy “LDL“ cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at【 C4】 _a persons heart attack risk. In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology, Dr. Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is【 C5】_to offset the increase in heart attack risk from 【 C6
