1、职称英语（理工类） C级模拟试卷 16及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The Peoples Republic of China was established in 1949. （ A） founded （ B） started （ C） improved （ D） built 2 Do you fancy going to the Public House? （ A） toilet （ B） theatre （ C） department sto
2、re （ D） pub 3 My mother has lived separately since my father died 20 years ago. （ A） single （ B） alone （ C） sole （ D） lonely 4 After an exchange of gunfire, the terrorist group surrendered at last. （ A） gave off （ B） gave up （ C） gave in （ D） gave away 5 As soon as we crossed the border, enemy troop
3、s started firing at our troops. （ A） shooting （ B） fighting （ C） striking （ D） hitting 6 Our new house is on the first floor. （ A） bottom （ B） third （ C） ground. （ D） top 7 As he wanted to watch the tennis final of the Olympic Games, he left a pile of dishes unwashed in the kitchen. （ A） number （ B）
4、 stack （ C） group （ D） crowd 8 The Commission has also begun looking into the role of climate. （ A） roll （ B） road （ C） part （ D） character 9 I will take up teaching this September. （ A） start （ B） get off （ C） capture （ D） pick up 10 I asked Lily whether she wanted to go swimming with me and she no
5、dded. （ A） shook （ B） disagreed （ C） agreed （ D） smiled 11 We can not go on quarrelling like this. （ A） choose （ B） prepare （ C） continue （ D） advice 12 The game requires us to find out two simple but effective ways to solve this problem. （ A） efficient （ B） clever （ C） stupid （ D） easy 13 It is obv
6、ious that it has been too late to take action. （ A） true （ B） certain （ C） said （ D） apparent 14 Almost everyone at the meeting has different views. （ A） scenery （ B） sights （ C） understandings （ D） opinions 15 Dont be afraid. I am not going to hurt you. （ A） fear （ B） astonished （ C） shocked （ D） f
7、rightened 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Irradiating Food Irradiating fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past d
8、ecade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products. Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may
9、 cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection, higher food-safety standard and more careful-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies curr
10、ently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of. All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits an
11、d vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients. Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with th
12、ree types of radiation - gamma rays (伽马射线 ), high-energy electrons, and X rays - and sets limits on doses, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria pre
13、sent in it. Different types of food, because of their molecular compositions, may require different doses of radiation. 16 Killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is completely approved by the US government. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 A great many food processor
14、s produce irritated foods. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Many consumers suspect the safety of irradiated foods and suggest the government inspect them severely . （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Some companies foresee the bankruptcy of food processing factories. （ A） Right （
15、 B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Irradiated fruits and vegetables do not need to be labelled. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directly from distributors without labeling it. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 According to the passage,
16、FDA approves irradiating food to some extent but irradiated food is not widely accepted. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Chinese Dialects (方言 ) The enormous
17、 differences in Chinese dialects have been a continuing problem ever since China became an empire in 221 B. C. , and it is one big reason why the country has remained impoverished (贫穷 ). Of the 600 million people who call themselves Chinese, all but a very small number speak Chinese. But the dialect
18、s vary so widely that the speech of Peking, for example, is as different from the speech of Canton as English is from German. There is to be sure, only one written language for all China, but it bears no phonetic(语音的 )relationship to any of the spoken dialects. Moreover, it has so many symbols that
19、only a tiny portion of the population has ever mastered it. As a result, most Chinese have been isolated for centuries from a free flow of ideas and from the economic progress that such a flow produces. Many dynasties tried with little success to break down the wall. After recognizing the importance
20、 of having a literate people for working in a technological world and for developing an effective propaganda(宣传 ) machine, the present government is putting everything into tackling the language problem. But the obstacles are so formidable(难以应付的 ) that the results cannot yet be predicted. At the hea
21、rt the problem is the dialects. The dialects prevented the evolution of a single written language based on phonetics. Instead, the Chinese were forced to develop a system that has no relation to sound, and they have clung to it for more than 3, 000 years. When this system is applied to a whole langu
22、age, it results in an overwhelming number of symbols. There are about 50, 000 entries in a Chinese dictionary not counting the compounds(复合词 ). In order to be literate, a Chinese must learn 6, 000; to be moderately educated, 12, 000. An English-speaking child, having to conquer only a twenty-six-let
23、ter alphabet, has usually learned to read by the time he begins the third grade. A Chinese child needs at least five more years of elementary learning; in the seventh grade, he can barely read a Chinese newspaper. A. Dealing with the Problem of Various Dialects B. Difficulties in Learning Chinese C.
24、 Features of Chinese Dialects D. Differences in Chinese Dialects E. Dialects as Heart of the Problem F. Ways of the Government to Tackle the Problem 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5_ 26 A. China failed to develop a single written language based on phonetics B. a Chinese
25、 child is supposed to learn much more words than his English speaking counterpart C. Chinese dialects differ from each other to a great extent D. the Chinese language system has no relation to sound E. educate more people to learn the same language F. there is only a small part of the population who
26、 understand the large number of symbols 27 According to the text, it is believed that Chinas poverty is partly caused by_. 28 The result of the enormous differences in Chinese dialects, as far as the author is concerned, is that_. 29 The main reason why there are a great number of symbols in Chinese
27、 language is that_. 30 When a Chinese and an English-speaking child learn their own language, their biggest difference lies in the fact that_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Electric Backpack Backpacks (背包 ) are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch
28、, and a change of clothes, leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you dont mind carrying a heavy load, your backpacks might also power your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home. Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsy
29、lvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. , have invented a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks. In military actions, search-and-rescue operations, and scientific field studies, people rely increasingly on cell phones, gl
30、obal positioning system (GPS) receivers, night-vision (夜视镜 ) goggles (护目镜 ), another battery powered devices to get around and do their work. The backpacks electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount o a wearers load now devoted to spare batteries (备用电池 ), report Rome and his
31、 colleagues in the Sept. 9 Science . The backpacks electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against the wearers back, and the whole pack moves up and clown as the person walks. A gear mechanism converts vertical movements of the pac
32、k to rotary motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts. Unexpectedly, tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits in response to the packs oscillations, so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks. Because of t
33、hat surprising advantage, Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack. The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers, and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks cou
34、ld make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs arent on the market yet, but if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street! 31 Backpacks are convenient because （ A） they can b
35、e very large. （ B） they can hold as many things as you want to carry. （ C） your hands are freed to do other things. （ D） you do not have to carry things with you. 32 What is the most important feature of the backpack invented by Lawrence C Rome and his colleagues? （ A） It produces electricity for el
36、ectronic devices while the wearer walks. （ B） It can be used as cell phones, GPS in the military actions or field studies. （ C） It is small and convenient. （ D） It is light and easy to carry. 33 The word “springs“ in Paragraph 3 means （ A） a small stream of water flowing naturally from the earth. （
37、B） the season of the year, occurring between winter and summer. （ C） the act or an instance of jumping or leaping. （ D） a length of metal wound around, which returns to its original shape after being pushed. 34 According to Paragraph 4, what does Rome plan to do? （ A） To make the backpack more comfo
38、rtable for the wearer. （ B） To put the backpack on the market. （ C） To test the advantage of the backpack. （ D） To promote the backpack in a newspaper or on television. 35 What is implied in “if you do get one eventually, just make sure to took both ways before crossing the street!“? （ A） You will b
39、e too excited to watch the traffic. （ B） Enjoying electronic devices while walking may invite traffic accidents. （ C） It is not possible for you to get such a backpack. （ D） It is wise of you to have such a backpack. 35 Flying the Hypert Skies A little airplane has given new meaning to the term “goi
40、ng hyper. “ The Hyper-X recently broke the record for air-breathing jet planes when it traveled at a hypersonic speed of seven times the speed of sound. Thats about 5,000 miles per hour. At this speed, youd get around the world - flying along the equator (赤道 ) - in less than 5 hours. The Hyper-X is
41、an unmanned,experimental aircraft just 12 feet long. It achieves hypersonic (超音速的 ) speed using a special sort of engine known as a scramjet. It may sound like something from a comic book,but engineers have been experimenting with scramjets since the 1960s. For an engine to burn fuel and produce ene
42、rgy, it needs oxygen. A jet engine, like those on passenger airplanes, gets oxygen from the air. A rocket engine typically goes faster but has to carry its own supply of oxygen. A scramjet (紧急刹车 ) engine goes as fast as a rocket, but it doesnt have to carry its own oxygen supply. A scramjets special
43、 design allows it to obtain oxygen from the air that flows through the engine. And it does so without letting the fast-moving air put out the combustion (燃烧 ) flames. However, a scramjet engine works properly only at speeds greater than five times the speed of sound. A booster rocket carried the Hyp
44、er-X to an altitude of about 100,000 feet for its test flight. The aircrafts record-beating flight lasted just 11 seconds. Although the little planes self-powered flight lasted only 11 seconds, that brief journey on March 27 makes a major milestone on the way to a new breed of very fast airplanes, c
45、omments Werner J. A. Dahm of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. In the future, engineers predict, airplanes equipped with scramjet engines could transport cargo quickly and cheaply to the brink of space. Such hypersonic jets could potentially carry passengers anywhere in the world in just a fe
46、w hours. Out of the three experimental Hyper-X aircrafts built for NASA, only one is now left. The agency has plans for another 11-second hypersonic flight, this time at 10 times the speed of the sound. 36 The Hyper-X broke the record because （ A） it was the first air-breathing jet plane. （ B） it fl
47、ew along the equator. （ C） it flew at speeds smaller than five times the speed of sound. （ D） it traveled at a supersonic speed. 37 What kind of an engine did the Hyper-X use? （ A） A jet engine that gets oxygen from the air. （ B） A scramjet engine that doesnt carry its own oxygen supply. （ C） A rock
48、et engine that carries its own supply of oxygen. （ D） A jet engine that uses no oxygen. 38 What is NOT true about the scramjet engine? （ A） It goes slower than a rocket. （ B） It extracts oxygen from the air that flows through the engine. （ C） It works only at speeds greater than five times the speed
49、 of sound. （ D） It doesnt carry its own oxygen supply. 39 What did Werner J.A Dahm of the University of Michigan say about the Hyper-X test flight? （ A） It indicated the birth of a very fast airplane. （ B） It was self-powered, so it lasted only 11 seconds. （ C） It can transportcargo quickly and cheaply to the brink of space. （ D） It is a major milestone in the journey of making a new type of very fast airplanes. 40 What has NASA planned to do? （ A） To make another 11-secon
