1、职称英语（理工类） C级模拟试卷 18 及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 China has made remarkable achievements in its reform and opening-up program. （ A） improvements （ B） entertainments （ C） accomplishments （ D） appointments 2 Knowing that I had been out of work
2、 now, they were unwilling to lend me money. （ A） unhappy （ B） ready （ C） prepared （ D） reluctant 3 The police arrested the suspect yesterday and released him this morning. （ A） freed （ B） relieved （ C） kicked （ D） liberated 4 The boy ahead of me is my classmate. （ A） at the back of （ B） behind （ C）
3、in front of （ D） in the front of 5 The plane will be taking off in approximately 10 minutes. （ A） about （ B） almost （ C） probably （ D） rarely 6 Our correspondent Carl from South Africa will give us a brief introduction of their presidential election. （ A） reporter （ B） representative （ C） writer （ D
4、） interpreter 7 This hotel has established a very good reputation. （ A） system （ B） name （ C） relation （ D） leadership 8 What dreadful weather we have these days! （ A） terrible （ B） wonderful （ C） nice （ D） cold 9 Walk along this corridor, and you will see“ the queens private chamber. （ A） office （
5、B） toilet （ C） bedroom （ D） living room 10 This gold mine was discovered by accident. （ A） by air （ B） by chance （ C） at large （ D） at ease 11 I recognized him right away even though Richard disguised well. （ A） at last （ B） on time （ C） gradually （ D） at once 12 He speaks Spanish fairly well. （ A）
6、quite （ B） very （ C） always （ D） hardly 13 The central government is arguing the education laws. （ A） debating （ B） disputing （ C） bargaining （ D） quarreling 14 His kidney was given to his daughter so as to save her life. （ A） transformed （ B） transported （ C） transmitted （ D） transplanted 15 The go
7、vernment has put forward new proposals to tackle the problem of increasing crime. （ A） brought up （ B） brought in （ C） brought back （ D） brought forward 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题， 每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Computer Mouse The b
8、asic computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows us to point at things on the computer and it is very productive. Think of all the things you can do with a mouse like selecting text for copying and pasting (涂 ), drawing, and even scrolling on the page
9、with the newer mice with the wheel. Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it. We learn to point at things before we learn to speak, so the mouse is a very natural pointing device. Other computer pointing d
10、evices include light pens, graphics (图形 ) tablets and touch screens, but the mouse is still our workhorse. The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University. As computer screens became more popular and arrow keys were used to move around a body of text, it became cl
11、ear that a pointing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful. The introduction of the mouse, with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983, really started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine (常规 ) computer tasks. How do
12、es the mouse work? We have to start at the bottom, so think upside down for now. It all starts with the mouse ball. As the mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad, it presses against and turns two shafts (轴 ). The shafts are conneected to wheels with several small holes in the
13、m. The wheels have a pair of small electronic light-emitting devices called light-emitting diodes (LED) mounted on either side. One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side. As the wheels spin and a hole rotates by, the light beam gets through to the LED on the other side. But a moment la
14、ter the light beam is blocked until the next hole is in place. The LED detects (发现 ) a changing pattern of light, converts the pattern into an electronic signal, and sends the signal (发信号 ) to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out the mouse body. This cable is the tail that helps give
15、the mouse its name. The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor on the computer screen. So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used. One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over
16、the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse. The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts. 16 Most computer users want to know how the computer mouse works. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 According to the author, general computer users n
17、eed not to know how the computer mouse was invented. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The computer mouse derives its name from the cable that goes out its body, which looks like the tail of a mouse. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The key components of a computer mouse are the
18、 two LEDs. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The most durable computer mice on sale are the IBM ones. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The optical mouse
19、is superior to the basic one in that the former has no moving parts. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 The Weight Experiment 1. Nicola Waiters has been taking
20、 part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a “calorimeter“ (热量测量室 )is one way to find out. The signs above the two rooms read simply “Chamber One“ and “Chamber Two“, these are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where h
21、uman volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads, “Please do not enter-work in progress“ and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers(记录 ) every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the
22、wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer. 2. Nicola Waiters is one of the twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help her with training and
23、fitness program. A self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert(广告 )for volunteers at her gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out. 3. The experiment on Nicola involved her sp
24、ending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence(次序 ) was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8 : 30 a. m. on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, h
25、er daily exercise routine timed to the last second. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysis. 4. The scientists helped volunteers impose (确立 )a kind of order on the long days they faced in the room. “The first time, I only
26、took one video and a book. But it was OK, because I watched TV the rest of the time, “says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled(踩踏板 ) for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didnt go too fast. 5. It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while o
27、thers satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has
28、signed up for further sessions. A. What does the calorimeter look like inside? B. what program was designed for the experiments? C. What is a calorimeter? D. What was the first impression? E. How did the volunteers kill the time? F. Why did Nicola join in the experiments? 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragrap
29、h 2_ 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 4_ 26 A. the volunteers do B. because she does not have a weight problem C. because the life there can be very boring D. make people overeat E. because she was her own boss F. after passing a high-protein test 27 The machinery outside the calorimeters records everyt
30、hing_. 28 Nicola Waiters had time for the experiments_. 29 Volunteers have to get prepared for the time in the calorimeter_. 30 The experiments show that high-fat diets_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 The Television Camera The television camera is rather like
31、 the human eye. Both the eye and the camera have a lens, and both produce a picture on a screen. In each case the picture is made up of millions of spots of light. Let us see how the eye works. When we look at an object-a person, a house, or whatever it may be, we do not see all the details of the o
32、bject in one piece. We imagine that we do, but this is not the case. In fact, the eye builds up the picture for us in our brain, which controls our sight, in millions of separate parts, and although we do not realize it, all these details are seen separately. This is what happens when we look at som
33、ething. Beams of light of different degrees of intensity, re-fleeted from all parts of the object, strike the lens of the eye. The lens then gathers together the spots of light from these beams and focuses them on to a light-sensitive plate-the retina-at the back of the eyeball. In this way, an imag
34、e of the object is produced on the retina in the form of a pattern of lights. The retina contains millions of minute light-sensitive elements, each of which is separately connected to the brain by a tiny fiber in the optic nerve. These nerve fibers, working independently, pick out minute details fro
35、m the image on the retina and torn the small spots of light into nerve impulses of different strengths. They then transmit these impulses to the brain. They do this all at the same time. All the details of the image are fed to the brain, and as we have taught our brain to add them together correctly
36、, we see a clear picture of the object as a whole. Television, which means vision at a distance, operates on a similar principle. A television picture is built up in thousands of separate parts. Beams of light reflect from the subject being televised strike the lens of the television camera, which c
37、orresponds to the lens of the eye. The camera lens gathers together the spots of light from these beams and focuses an image of the subject on to a plate, the surface of which is coated with millions of photo-electric elements sensitive to light. The spots of light forming the image on the plate can
38、not be transmitted as light. So they are temporarily converted by an electronic device into millions of electrical impulses ; that is, into charges of electricity. These electrical impulses are then sent through space on a wireless wave to the homes of the viewers. They are picked up by the aerials
39、and conveyed to the receivers to the television set. There, they are finally converted back into the spots of light that make up the picture on the television screen. 31 We are told that the television resembles the human eye in_. （ A） one way （ B） two ways （ C） three ways （ D） four ways 32 Which of
40、 the following is NOT true according to the writer? （ A） The eye produces a picture on a screen. （ B） We see all the details of an object in one piece. （ C） Our sight is controlled by our brain. （ D） The picture is made up of millions of spots of light. 33 All the raps of light reflected from object
41、s are_. （ A） of the same intensity （ B） of varying intensity （ C） to some degree intense （ D） not at all intense 34 The nerve fibers connecting these light-sensitive elements to the brain_. （ A） all work together （ B） help each other （ C） work independently （ D） work in small groups 35 Which process
42、 is correct to make up pictures on the television? （ A） beams of light-lens of the television camera-an electronic device-electric impulses-aerials-receivers-pictures （ B） beams of light-lens of the television camera-a plate-an electronic device-electric impulses-receivers-aerials-pictures （ C） beam
43、s of light-a plate-an electronic device-aerials-electric impulses-receivers-pictures （ D） beams of light-lens of the television camera-a plate-an electronic device-electric impulses-aerials-receivers-pictures 35 Eye Movement and Several Faults in Reading Suppose you do this experiment with a friend.
44、 Get hold of a book with a large page size and lines that run right across the page. Get your friend to hold the book up and to read it with the top of the book just below his eye level. This means that you can watch the movement of his eyes as he reads the page. If you do this, you will see that yo
45、ur friends eyes do not make a continuous forward sweep. Instead, they progress by little “jumps“ moving, then stopping, as they progress along the line. This kind of jumping movement is called a saccadic movement(跳跃 ). There has to he this starting and stopping movement because the eye can see only
46、when it is still motionless. Every time the eye pauses it sees a phrase or even a sentence then jumps to the next part of the line and so on. There is another interesting fact about eye movement. If you record the eye movements of someone who is reading, you will notice that, from time to time, the
47、reader goes back and looks again at something he has read before; in other words, he regresses(回视 ) an earlier part of the text, probably because he realizes he does not understand the passage properly. Then he comes back to where he left off and continues reading. At one time, it was though that re
48、gression was a fault, but it is in fact a very necessary activity in efficient reading. There are several different kinds of faults in reading, which are usually more exaggerated with foreign language learners. The most common one is that most people read everything at the same slow speed, and do no
49、t seem to realize that they can read faster or slower as required. Other people say the words to themselves, or move their lips-these habits slow the reader down to something near speaking speed, which is of course much slower than reading speed. Another habit that can slow you down is following the line with your finger, or with a pen. 36 What phenomenon can you see in the experiment mentioned at the beginning of the passage? （ A） Peoples eyes sweep forward continuously while read
