1、职称英语（理工类） C级模拟试卷 24及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 I am not certain whether he will come. （ A） determined （ B） sure （ C） sorry （ D） glad 2 She seemed to have detected some anger in his voice. （ A） noticed （ B） heard （ C） realized （ D） got 3 Pl
2、ease do not hesitate to call me if I can be of further assistance. （ A） contact （ B） see （ C） help （ D） touch 4 In short, I am going to live there myself. （ A） In other words （ B） That is to say （ C） In a word （ D） To be frank 5 He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social
3、skills and conduct. （ A） style （ B） behavior （ C） mode （ D） attitude 6 In order to survive man needs to consume food and water. （ A） work （ B） play （ C） live （ D） walk 7 The researchers have just completed a study of driving situations. （ A） started （ B） finished （ C） changed （ D） made 8 It seems hi
4、ghly unlikely that she will pass the exam. （ A） very （ B） completely （ C） usually （ D） mostly 9 Their parents once lived under very severe conditions. （ A） sound （ B） hard （ C） strict （ D） tight 10 Michael is now merely a good friend. （ A） largely （ B） possibly （ C） just （ D） rarely 11 She found me
5、very dull. （ A） dirty （ B） sleepy （ C） lazy （ D） boring 12 The President made a brief visit to Beijing. （ A） short （ B） working （ C） formal （ D） secret 13 He was persuaded to give up the idea. （ A） mention （ B） accept （ C） consider （ D） drop 14 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day. （ A） eats （ B） d
6、rinks （ C） buys （ D） produces 15 Mary just told us a very fascinating story. （ A） strange （ B） frightening （ C） difficult （ D） interesting 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 The Threat to Kiribati The people o
7、f Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth-literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide. These tides, which swept across the island and destroyed houses, came when t
8、here was neither wind nor rain. “This never happened before,“ says the older citizens of Kiribati. What is causing these mysterious high tides? The answer may well be global warming. When fuels like oil and coal are being burned, pollutants(污染物 )are released; these pollutants trap heat in the earths
9、 atmosphere. Warmer temperatures cause water to expand and also create more water by melting glaciers(冰川 )and polar(极地的 )ice caps. If the trend continues, scientists say, many countries will suffer. Bangladesh, for example, might lose one-fifth of its land. The coral(珊瑚 )island nations of the Pacifi
10、c, like Kiribati and the Marshall Islands, however, would face an even worse fate the would be swallowed by the sea. The loss of these coral islands would be everyones loss. Coral formations are home to more species than any other place on earth. The people of these nations feel frustrated. The sea,
11、 on which their economies have always been based, is suddenly threatening their existence. They dont have the money for expensive technological solutions like seawalls. And they have no control over the pollutants, which are being released mainly by activities in large industrialized countries. All
12、they can do is to hope that industrialized countries will take steps to reduce pollution. 16 The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 High tides used to attack Kiribati when there was strong wind or
13、heavy rain. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The heat released by burning oil and coal is the direct cause of global warming. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Scientists are not sure how serious the effects of global warming will be. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20
14、The coral island nations of the Pacific have a long history of civilization. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The people of the coral island nations are unable to do anything substantial about the problem of global warming. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Some industrialized c
15、ountries are unwilling to spend money in reducing pollution. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 A Star Is Born 1 The VLT(Very Large Telescope)is the worlds lar
16、gest telescope(望远镜 )and is taking astronomers(天文学家 )further back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 metres up io the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10,000 kilometres away. 2
17、This astonishing power will allow astronomers to see events in space from the birth of stars to the collision(碰撞 )of galaxies(星系 )on the edge of the cosmos(宇宙 ). The VLT is giving astronomers their best-ever view of the cosmos. The power of the VLT to see the smallest detail at the furthest distance
18、s makes its designers amazed. 3 Take the case of Eta Carinae, one of the most explosive stars in the universe. This star produces ultraviolet laser rays(紫外线 )and it will destroy itself in a few million years time. It is five times brighter than the sun and when it explodes it is going to be a sight
19、worth waiting for! 4 But it is at distances of millions, even billions, of light years that the VLT really shows its power. The VLT can detect light that set out on its journey before the earth even existed. This gives astronomers their first ever detailed views of events that took place in the earl
20、iest days of the cosmos. 5 In other words, the VLT is a kind of a time machine. It takes astronomers back to a time when complete galaxies crashed into each other. The effects of these past collisions can now be seen by scientists, and astronomers believe the telescope will reveal more about these e
21、xciting events in the years to come. One day, we might be able to say we have traveled back to the beginning of time, and we will have a much clearer picture of how our planet was born. A. Enents that Took Place before the Earth Existed B. Power of the Telescope C. Details of Eta Carinae D. Inventio
22、n of a Time Machine E. Biggest Telescope 23 Paragraph 1_. 24 Paragraph 2_. 25 Paragraph 3_. 26 Paragraph 4_. 26 A. its detecting power B. millions of light years away in space C. the location of the VLT D. as an example E. the birth of the earth F. the rotation of the earth 27 The VLT will allow sci
23、entists to see events_ 28 The designers of the V1T are surprised at_ 29 Eta Carinae is taken_ 30 Scientists believe the VLT will tell us more about 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 The Eyes Adaptation to Color As one works with color in a practical or experiment
24、al way; one is impressed by two apparently unrelated facts. Color as seen is a mobile changeable thing depending to a large extent on the relationship of the color to other colors seen simultaneously. It is not fixed in its relation to the direct stimulus which creates it. On the other hand, the pro
25、perties of surfaces that give rise to color do not seem to change greatly under a wide variety of illumination colors, usually(but not always)looking much the same in artificial light as in daylight. Both of these effects seem to be due in large part to the mechanism of color adaptation mentioned ea
26、rlier. When the eye is fixed on a colored area, there is an immediate readjustment of the sensitivity of the eye to color in and around the area viewed. This readjustment does not immediately affect the color seen but usually does affect the next area to which the gaze is shifted. The longer the tim
27、e of viewing, the higher the intensity, and the larger the area, the greater the effect will be in terms of its persistence in the succeeding viewing situation. As indicated by the work of Wright and Schouten, it appears that, at least for a first approximation, full adaptation takes place over, a v
28、ery brief time if the adapting source is moderately bright and the eye has been in relative darkness just previously. As the stimulus is allowed to act, however, the effect becomes more persistent in the sense that it takes the eye longer to regain its sensitivity to lower intensities. The next resu
29、lt is that, if the eye is so exposed and then the gaze is transferred to an area of lower intensities, the loss of sensitivity produced by the first area will still be present and appear as an “afterimage“ superimposed on the second. The effect not only is present over the actual area causing the “l
30、ocal adaptation“ but also spreads with decreasing strength to adjoining areas of the eye to produce “lateral adaptation“. Also, because of the persistence of the effect if the eye is shifted around from one object to another, all of which are at similar brightness or have similar colors, the adaptat
31、ion will tend to become uniform over the whole eye. 31 The selection is concerned primarily with_. （ A） the eyes adaptation to color （ B） the properties of colored surfaces （ C） the color of colors （ D） the effect of changes in color intensity 32 Whether a colored object would, no two viewings separ
32、ated in time, appear to the view as similar or different in color would depend mostly on_. （ A） the color mechanism of the eye in use at the time of each viewing （ B） what kind of viewing had immediately preceded each of the viewings （ C） the properties of the surface being viewed （ D） the individua
33、ls power of lateral adaptation 33 If a persons eye has been looking at an object in bright sunlight for some time, and then shifts to an object not well lit-such as a lawn or shrub in shadow-we can expert_. （ A） a time lag in the focusing ability of the eye （ B） some inability to see colors of the l
34、atter-named objects until loss of sensitivity has been regained （ C） the immediate loss of the “afterimage“ of the first object （ D） adaptation in the central area of the eye but little adaptation in the lateral areas to the new intensity level 34 The present selection has apparently been preceded b
35、y sortie explanation of_. （ A） some experiments with color pigments （ B） the nature of color （ C） the color properties of various surfaces （ D） the mechanism of the eyes adaptation to color 35 What does “lateral adaptation“ mean? （ A） Side. （ B） Subsequent. （ C） Simultaneous. （ D） Slow. 35 Microelec
36、tronics Revolution The 1980s are likely to be considered as a more than somewhat interesting decade for the United Kingdom and indeed for other industrialized countries. The political, social and economic autonomic reflexes in operation for the greater part of this century will have to give way to t
37、he new as conditions change. Paramount amongst these changes is the advent of microelectronics with their ability to increase productivity and the end of cheap, easily manipulated sources of energy. Together these will undoubtedly change the pattern of industrialization and industrialized life in a
38、radical manner not seen in the UK since the early 19th century. Most technological changes are somewhat less than fundamental. Many act on an individual process of industry and so their effects on the general economy can be boxed off. Others act on the demand side with new products, often for new ma
39、rkets. Microelectronics, though, are different. It is difficult to think of parts of the economy on which they will not have an impact; it is especially very difficult to think of the many new consumer products that will evolve. It is already being used, in productive processes through robotics, in
40、production planning through cheap computers, as cheap and easy to maintain components, and through telecommunications, teletext systems and word processing to provide, transmit and store information. The resulting large increases in productivity will mean that increased levels of output will be prod
41、uced using fewer resources of manpower, raw materials and energy. On the face of it this has to be a good thing, it opens vistas that were previously closed. The cost, however, is measured in terms of the resulting job losses, job changes and lack of new jobs. If we sit back and allow the market to
42、work allocating wealth and jobs-in other words-continue as we are at present, either the technologies will not be introduced at all or there will be social confrontation on a massive scale. This new technology improves productivity at precisely the time world trade growth is declining, and this is l
43、ikely to diminish even further given the responses to the shortage of energy sources. This will almost certainly mean that our ability to supply will outstrip(超过 )our ability to demand, giving a classic high unemployment. 36 The most important changes in the 1980s_. （ A） are affecting individual ind
44、ustries （ B） ate not evident in the UK （ C） concern microelectronics and energy （ D） are being caused by changes of attitudes 37 According to the text, developments in technology usually_. （ A） have far-reaching effects in a wide range of industries （ B） increase unemployment significantly （ C） affe
45、ct only limited areas of the economy （ D） affect the general economy considerably 38 The large increase in productivity as a result of microelectronics_. （ A） will help to reduce social inequality （ B） will mean a corresponding increase in job opportunities （ C） will have positive and negative conse
46、quences （ D） will create greater prosperity 39 According to the writer, what will happen if we allow market forces alone to allocate wealth and jobs? （ A） World trade will immediately start to decline. （ B） The new technological developments may not be brought into the best possible way. （ C） Resour
47、ces will be allocated in the best possible way. （ D） There will be great social advances. 40 What does “box off“ mean in the second paragraph? （ A） separate （ B） confine （ C） put away （ D） shut up 40 Being thin or not No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying often attributed to the late Duc
48、hess of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times. Being thin is deemed as such a virtue. The problem with such a view is that some people actually attempt to live by it. I myself have fantasies of slipping into narrow designer clothes. Consequently, I have been on a diet for the better-o
49、r worse-part of my life. Being rich wouldnt be bad either, but that wont happen unless an unknown relative dies suddenly in some distant land, leaving me millions of dollars. Where did we go off the track? When did eating butter become a sin, and a tittle bit of extra flesh unappealing, if not repellent? All religions have certain days when people refrain from eating, and excessive eating is one of Christianitys seven deadly sins. However,
