1、职称英语（理工类） C级模拟试卷 27及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Anyone who does not have a free ticket must pay the fee for going in. （ A） attending （ B） admitting （ C） admission （ D） attention 2 I feel regret about what s happened. （ A） sorry （ B） disappo
2、inted （ C） shameful （ D） disheartened 3 Jack is a diligent worker. （ A） ambitious （ B） lazy （ C） hardworking （ D） clever 4 The little girl grasped her mother s arm as she crossed the street. （ A） understand （ B） had a hold over （ C） took hold of （ D） left hold of 5 I havent achieved very much today.
3、 （ A） acquire （ B） require （ C） accompany （ D） accomplish 6 Traffic is bad, particularly in the city center. （ A） conventionally （ B） obviously （ C） especially （ D） inevitably 7 Guests were scared when the bomb explored. （ A） frightened （ B） killed （ C） endangered （ D） rescued 8 The whole idea to bu
4、ild a deluxe hotel here sounds insane to me. （ A） reasonable （ B） sensible （ C） crazy （ D） unbelievable 9 The story was touching. （ A） inspiring （ B） boring （ C） moving （ D） frightening 10 Dairy products may provoke allergic reactions in some people. （ A） demand （ B） elicit （ C） extract （ D） defy 11
5、 I have been trying to quit smoking. （ A） pick up （ B） give up （ C） build up （ D） take up 12 Hundreds of years ago cloves were used to remedy headaches. （ A） disrupt （ B） diagnose （ C） evaporate （ D） cure 13 His speech was a powerful spur to action. （ A） encouragement （ B） danger （ C） endorsement （
6、D） surprise 14 The child s abnormal behavior puzzled the doctor. （ A） bad （ B） frightening （ C） repeated （ D） unusual 15 Smoking is not permitted in the office. （ A） probable （ B） possible （ C） admitted （ D） allowed 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如
7、果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Changes in Museums Museums have changed. They are no longer places that one “should“ visit; they are places to enjoy and learn. At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At t
8、he Metropolitan(大城市的 )Museum of Art in New York City, you can look at the seventeenth century instruments while listening to their music. At New York s American Museum of Natural History recently, you can help make a bone-by-bone reproduction of the museum s dinosaur(恐龙 ), a beast that lived 200 mil
9、lion years ago. More and more museum directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch, listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scient
10、ific principles for himself. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of science. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to best advantage. One cause of all these change
11、s is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percentage of young people in the population. Many of these young people are college students or college graduates. Leon F. Twiggs, a young black professor of art once said, “They see things in a new and different way. They ar
12、e not satisfied to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate(参加 )in. “ The same is true of science and history. 16 When visiting museums nowadays, people can take part in many activities. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 New York s American Museum of Natural Histo
13、ry is opened recently. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 In science museums nowadays visitors are not allowed to touch or operate the objects on display. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 In science museums today, people no longer feel strange in the world of science but gain sci
14、entific knowledge by themselves. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 In America today, all science museums are open to the public and free. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 People can afford to get into the modern museums since they have more time now. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） N
15、ot mentioned 22 Young people who are well-educated like the art they can participate in. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 The History of the Fridge 1 The fri
16、dge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label:“ store in the refrigerator. “ 2 In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher, the baker, and the ice-cream man delivere
17、d two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country. 3 The inv
18、ention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast variety of well-tried techniques already existed natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling. 4 What refrigeration did promote was marketing marketing hardware and electricity, marketing s
19、oft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price. 5 Consequently, most of the world s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary.
20、Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge. 6 The fridge s effect upon the environment has been evident, while i
21、ts contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you dont believe me, try it yourself. Invest in a food cabinet(橱柜 )and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers but at least you 11 get rid of that terrible hum. A. The Invention of the Fridge B. The Pollution Caused
22、by Fridges C. The Widespread Need for Fridges D. The Days Without the Fridge E. The Waste of Energy Caused by Fridges F. The Fridge s Contribution to Commerce 23 Paragraph 2 24 Paragraph 4 25 Paragraph 5 26 Paragraph 6 26 A. milk, meat, vegetables, etc. were delivered B. it has promoted the sales of
23、 many kinds of commodities C. a new, economical way to preserve food D. most kids like iced soft drinks E. something every housewife needs F. produced by the fridge when it is working 27 Before fridges came into use, it was still possible for people to have fresh foods because 28 The invention of th
24、e fridge has not provided_. 29 An important contribution made by the invention of the fridge is that_. 30 If you stop using the fridge, at least you wont be troubled by the noise_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Older Volcanic Eruptions Volcanoes were more des
25、tructive in ancient history, not because they were bigger, but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out life with greater ease. Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcanic eruptions killed off large
26、numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more damage they seemed to do. He calculated the “ killing efficiency“ for these volcanoes by comparin
27、g the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava(熔岩 )that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals. The Permian(二叠纪 )extinction, for example, which happened 250 million years ago, is
28、 marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe. Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes(十亿吨 )of carbon as carbon dioxide. The global warming that followed wiped out 80 percent of all marine genera(种类 )at the time, and it
29、 took 5 million years for the planet to recover. Yet 60 million years ago, there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global wanning but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousands of years. “The most recent ones hardly have an effect
30、 at all. “ Wignall says. He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid(小行星 ). He thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life forms were better adapted
31、to dealing with increased levels of CO2. Vincent Courtillot, director of the Paris Geophysical Institute in France, says that Wignall s idea is provocative. But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations. He points out that the killing power of volcanic eruptions depends on how
32、long they lasted. And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years. He also adds that it is difficult to estimate how much lava prehistoric volcanoes produced, and that lava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxide emissions. 31 Why were o
33、lder volcanic eruptions more destructive than more recent ones according to Wignall? （ A） Because they were brighter. （ B） Because they were larger. （ C） Because more recent life forms were better adapted to CO2. （ D） Because older volcanic eruptions released more lava. 32 “Killing efficiency“ is ca
34、lculated by comparing_. （ A） the span of time volcanoes lasted （ B） the volume of lava volcanoes produced （ C） the number of living things volcanoes killed off （ D） the proportion of life wiped out with the volume of lava 33 Permian extinction occurred_. （ A） 300 million years ago （ B） 250 million y
35、ears ago （ C） 60 million years ago （ D） 65 million years ago 34 Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3? （ A） Only 80 percent of marine genera survived the global warming caused by the Permian extinction. （ B） It took 5 million years for the planet to recover from the Permian ext
36、inction. （ C） The huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming 60 million years ago did not lead to mass extinction. （ D） The cause of dinosaurs extinction has remained a controversial issue. 35 What is Vincent Courtillot s attitude towards Wignall s idea? （ A） Positive. （ B） Negative. （ C） N
37、eutral. （ D） Unclear. 35 Some Things We Know About Language Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race(种族 )of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has n
38、o language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive(原始的 )language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, who are, as
39、 we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated. Popular ideas of the languag
40、e of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They
41、 are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek. A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who sp
42、eak the language. Finally, we know that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language. Grammatical features change as do sp
43、eech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language. 36 The author argues that we do know some things about language in_aspects. （ A） three （ B） four （ C） five （ D） six 37 According to the third paragraph
44、, the author thinks that_. （ A） there exist some primitive languages in the world （ B） there are many people who dont have a language （ C） no languages in the world havent been well developed （ D） there are some languages we know having little complexities 38 The author has used American Indian lang
45、uage to illustrate_. （ A） it hasn t been well understood that there is no primitive language （ B） the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises （ C） English and Greek are less primitive than American Indian languages （ D） hundreds of American Indian languages are easy and young 39 Wh
46、ich of the following statements is INCORRECT? （ A） A language is a means of expressing a particular culture. （ B） All languages can well express their respective cultures. （ C） American Indian languages are as complex as English. （ D） Some languages are better than others. 40 According to the author
47、, language changes are most likely to occur in （ A） grammar （ B） pronunciation （ C） vocabulary （ D） intonation 40 Please Fasten Your Seatbelts Severe turbulence(湍流 )can kill aircraft passengers. Now, in test flights over the Rocky Mountains, NASA(美国航空航天局 )engineers have successfully detected clear-a
48、ir turbulence up to 10 seconds before an aircraft hits it. Clear-air turbulence often catches pilots by surprise. Invisible to radar, it is difficult to forecast and can hurl(用力抛出去 )passengers about the cabin. In December 1997, one passenger died and a hundred others were injured when unexpected rou
49、gh air caused a United Airlines flight over the Pacific to drop 300 meters in a few seconds. However, passengers can avoid serious injury by fastening their seatbelts. “It is the only antidote(对策 )for this sort of thing, “ says Rod Bogue, project manager at NASA s Dryden Flight Research Center in Edwards, California. The Center s new turbulence detector is based on lidar, or laser-radar. Laser pulses are sent ahead of the plane and these are then reflected back by partic
