1、职称英语（理工类） C级模拟试卷 29及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The poet William Carlos Williams was a New Jersey physician. （ A） doctor （ B） professor （ C） physicist （ D） resident 2 Her claims seem credible to many people. （ A） workable （ B） convincing （
2、C） practical （ D） reliable 3 It isnt easy to put up with people who are impolite. （ A） tolerate （ B） accept （ C） swallow （ D） take 4 Some people simply cant take it and they just go insane. （ A） reasonable （ B） sensible （ C） crazy （ D） unbelievable 5 We resolved the problem after group discussion. （
3、 A） caused （ B） met （ C） solved （ D） posed 6 He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress. （ A） despair （ B） difficulties （ C） need （ D） danger 7 The once barren hillsides are now good farmland. （ A） hairless （ B） bare （ C） empty （ D） bald 8 Your teacher will take your illness into accoun
4、t when marking your exams. （ A） calculation （ B） computation （ C） consideration （ D） assessment 9 I am feeling a lot more healthy than I was. （ A） many （ B） no （ C） some （ D） much 10 Dont irritate her, she hates to be disturbed when sleeping. （ A） tease （ B） attract （ C） annoy （ D） protect 11 He was
5、 so greatly attracted by the beauty of the Xixi Wetland that he decided to visit there again. （ A） fascinated （ B） disturbed （ C） fooled （ D） surprised 12 It can be concluded that science education has reached a new phase of development. （ A） grade （ B） class （ C） standard （ D） stage 13 Her display
6、of bad temper completely ruined the party. （ A） harmed （ B） damaged （ C） spoiled （ D） hurt 14 She read a poem which depicts the splendor of the sunset. （ A） declares （ B） asserts （ C） announces （ D） describes 15 The governor gave a rather vague outline of his tax plan. （ A） unclear （ B） firm （ C） sh
7、ort （ D） neat 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 TV Games Shows One of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the best sellers list with a sale of fewer tha
8、n 100, 000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well-known overnight. This is the principle behind quiz or game shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for the prizes and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can giv
9、e away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create problems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the US and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had
10、 a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the shows producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didnt like the person who won the g
11、ame, they turned the show off. Based on his story, a movie under the title Quiz Show is on 40 years later. Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they arent taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows
12、that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of m
13、illions. 16 TV can make a beggar world-famous overnight. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The principle behind quiz or game shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Prizes and money are usually provided by TV st
14、ars and large companies for winners. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren was proved to be cheating by persuading the Shows producers to give him the answers beforehand. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The huge scandal of cheating in
15、TV games shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie Quiz Show. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Winners of present-day TV shows no longer get money from the shows.
16、 （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Geology and Health 1 The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, a
17、nd the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. 2 The ult
18、imate source of metals within the human body is rocks, which weather into soil, gaining or losing some of their chemical constituents. The crops we eat selectively remove from the soil the elements that they require for growth. The water we drink contains trace elements leached from rock and soil. T
19、hus the geology and geochemistry of the environments have effects on the chemistry and health of plants, animals and people. 3 So far there is no data to suggest that people living on metal-rich soils experience a potential health hazard. The levels of metals within naturally contaminated soils are
20、generally not high enough to cause serious health problems. Living on metal-rich soils does not represent a health risk unless large quantities of soil are digested or metal-rich dust is inhaled. However, small children are particularly exposed to metal-rich topsoil in playgrounds and gardens. They
21、are also the most likely ones to eat potentially dangerous metal-rich soil. 4 Heavy metals are persistent: they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once th
22、ey enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. 5 In contrast, naturally contaminated soils have not been subject to risk assessment studies and rehabilitation measures, despite the fact that they frequently possess metal concentrations w
23、ell above those of such polluted by humans and above environmental quality criteria. 6 There is a vital need to understand the potential risks and long-term health effects of living on naturally contaminated soils. Future environmental investigations of naturally polluted soils should concentrate on
24、 the potential pathways of metals into the food chain and human body. Geologists should be part of such studies as they can provide the essential background information on rock and soil chemistry as well as the chemical forms of heavy metal pollution. A No evidence to indicate bad effects of natural
25、ly contaminated soil B Potential hazards of human contaminated soils C Research on channels of heavy metals getting into human food chain D Geology and health problems E Rocks-the ultimate source of soil pollution F Long-term health effects on children 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_
26、 26 Paragraph 6_ 26 A industrially polluted soils B rock and soil chemistry C naturally polluted soils D the pathways of metals into the food chain E the element of iodine F the persistence of heavy metals 27 Some diseases is connected with deficiency of_. 28 It is extremely necessary to study the l
27、ong-term effects caused by living on_. 29 Geologists are indispensable in the research project on geology and health due to their knowledge on_. 30 Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Eat
28、to Live A meager diet may give you health and long life, but its not much fun and it might not even be necessary. We may be able to hang on to most of that youthful vigor even if we dont start to diet until old age. Stephen Spindler and his colleagues from the University of California at Riverside h
29、ave found that some of an elderly mouses liver genes can be made to behave as they did when the mouse was young simply by limiting its food for four weeks. The genetic rejuvenation wont reverse other damage caused by time for the mouse, but could help its liver metabolize drugs or get rid of toxins.
30、 Spindlers team fed three mice a normal diet for their whole lives, and fed another three on half-rations. Three more mice were switched from the normal diet to half-feed for a month when they were 34 months old equivalent to about 70 human years. The researchers checked the activity of 11, 000 gene
31、s from the mouse livers, and found that 46 changed with age in the normally fed mice. The changes were associated with things like inflammation and free radical production probably bad news for mouse health. In the mice that had dieted all their lives, 27 of those 46 genes continued to behave like y
32、oung genes. But the most surprising finding was that the mice that only started dieting in old age also benefited from 70 percent of these gene changes. “ This is the first indication that these effects kick in pretty quickly, “ says Huber Warner from the National Institute on Aging near Washington
33、D. C. No one yet knows if calorie restriction works in people as it does in mice, but Spindler is hopeful. “Theres attracting and tempting evidence out there that it will work, “ he says. If it does work in people, there might be good reasons for rejuvenating the liver. As we get older, our bodies a
34、re less efficient at metabolizing drugs, for example. A brief period of time of dieting, says Spindler, could be enough to make sure a drug is effective. But Spindler isnt sure the trade-off is worth it. “The mice get less disease, they live longer, but theyre hungry, “ he says. “ Even seeing what a
35、 diet does, its still hard to go to a restaurant and say: I can only eat half of that.“ Spindler hopes we soon wont need to diet at all. His company, Lifespan Genetics in California, is looking for drugs that have the effects of calorie restriction. 31 According to the passage, which of the followin
36、g is NOT true? （ A） Eating less than usual might make us live longer. （ B） If we go on a diet when old, we may keep healthy. （ C） Dieting might not be needed. （ D） We have to begin dieting since childhood. 32 Why does the author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2? （ A） To describe the influence
37、 of old age on mice. （ B） To illustrate the effect of meager food on mice. （ C） To tell us how mices liver genes behave. （ D） To inform us of the process of metabolizing drugs. 33 What can be inferred about completely normally fed mice mentioned in the passage? （ A） They will not experience free rad
38、ical production. （ B） They will experience more genetic rejuvenation in their lifetime. （ C） They have more old liver genes to behave like young genes. （ D） They are more likely to suffer from inflammation. 34 According to the author, which of the following most interested the researchers? （ A） The
39、mice that started dieting in old age. （ B） 27 of those 46 old genes that continued to behave like young genes. （ C） Calorie restriction that works in people. （ D） Dieting that makes sure a drug is effective. 35 According to the last two paragraphs, Spindler believes that_. （ A） drugs do not have the
40、 effects of calorie restriction （ B） dieting is not a good method to give us health and long life （ C） seeing the effect of a diet, people will like to eat less than normal （ D） calorie restriction is very important to young people 35 Long Bus Ride Long bus rides are like television shows. They have
41、 a beginning, a middle, and an end with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes. The commercials are unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window. “Buy Super Clean Toothpaste. “ “Drink Goodn Wet Root Beer. “ “Fi
42、ll up with Pacific Gas. “ Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of “ You Need It! Buy It Now!“ The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exciting, even if youve traveled that way before. Usually some things have changed new h
43、ouses, new buildings, sometimes even a new road. The bus driver has a style of driving and its fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly reckless or daring, the ride can be as thrilling as a suspense story. Will the driver pass the truck in time? Will the driver
44、 move into the right or the left-hand lane? After a while, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But youve got to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very
45、thirsty between stops. The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning. You know it will soon be over and theres a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat, of course, has become harder as the hours have passed. By now youve sat with your legs crossed, with your hands crossed behind y
46、our head. The end comes just at the right time. There are just no more ways to sit. 36 According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip? （ A） buses on the road. （ B） films on television. （ C） advertisements on the board. （ D） gas stations. 37 What is the
47、purpose of this passage? （ A） To give the writers opinion about long bus trips. （ B） To persuade you to take a long bus trip. （ C） To explain how bus trips and television shows differ. （ D） To describe the billboards along the road. 38 The writer of this passage would probably favor_. （ A） bus drive
48、rs who werent reckless （ B） driving alone （ C） a television set on the bus （ D） no billboards along the road 39 The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because_. （ A） the commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are fun （ B） they both have a beginning, a middle, and an
49、 end, with commercials in between （ C） the drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on buses （ D） both traveling and watching TV are not exciting 40 The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are_. （ A） exciting （ B） comfortable （ C） tiring （ D） boring 40 Renewable Energy Sources Today petroleum(石油 )provides around 40% of the worlds energy needs, mostly fuelling
