1、职称英语（理工类） C级模拟试卷 8及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The nursery is bright and cheerful. （ A） pleasant （ B） clean （ C） peaceful （ D） large 2 This kind of material was seldom used in building houses during the Middle Ages. （ A） never （ B） rarely （
2、 C） often （ D） only 3 People from many places were drawn to the city by its growing economy. （ A） fetched （ B） carried （ C） attracted （ D） pushed 4 The soldier displayed remarkable courage in the battle. （ A） placed （ B） showed （ C） pointed （ D） decided 5 How do you account for your absence from the
3、 class last Thursday? （ A） explain （ B） examine （ C） choose （ D） expand 6 About one quarter of the workers in the country are employed in factories. （ A） third （ B） fourth （ C） tenth （ D） fifteenth 7 She was grateful to him for being so good to her. （ A） careful （ B） hateful （ C） beautiful （ D） than
4、kful 8 There are only five minutes left, but the outcome of the match is still in doubt. （ A） result （ B） judgement （ C） estimation （ D） event 9 He is certain that the dictionary is just what I want. （ A） sure （ B） angry （ C） doubtful （ D） worried 10 The last few weeks have been enjoyable. （ A） clos
5、e （ B） near （ C） past （ D） several 11 What were the consequences of the decision she had made? （ A） masons （ B） results （ C） causes （ D） bases 12 They didnt realize how serious the problem was. （ A） know （ B） forget （ C） doubt （ D） remember 13 We shall keep the money in a secure place. （ A） clean （
6、B） secret （ C） distant （ D） safe 14 The great changes of the city astonished every visitor to that city. （ A） attacked （ B） surprised （ C） attracted （ D） interested 15 The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its centre. （ A） get rid of （ B） set up （ C） repair （ D） paint 二、 阅读判断
7、 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 The Smog (烟雾 ) For over a month, Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with s
8、unlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars, it soon became poisonous (有毒的 ). Dangerous amounts of
9、CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed (喘息 ) and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot (烟灰 ) covered everything. In some areas, water was hosed
10、 (用胶管浇 ) from high-rise city buildings to try and break up the smog. Finally, heavy rains, which came in November, put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain. Many people from South-Eastern Asian cities already suffer from breathing huge amount
11、s of car exhaust fumes (汽车排放的废气 ) and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have difficulties for the first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests, elephants, deer, and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog. But smog is not jus
12、t an Asian problem. In fact, the word was first used in London in 1905 to describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes the smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accidents. About 4,000 Londoners died within five
13、days as a result of thick smog in 1952. 16 Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The smog spread to neighbouring countries. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The air-pollution index went up to 300 within a few days. （ A） Right （ B） Wron
14、g （ C） Not mentioned 19 Water was used to try to break up the smog0. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The forest animals havent been affected by the smog. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not men
15、tioned 22 The word “smog“ first appeared in 1952. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Ford 1 Fords great strength was the manufacturing process-not invention. L
16、ong before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891. Although it was by no means the first popular automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining
17、 technology and market. 2 The companys assembly line alone threw Americas Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转 ). Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Fords friends, who were great toolmakers from Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a l
18、ine. By the time Fords Highland Park plant was humming (嗡嗡作响 ) along in 1914, the worlds first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes. 3 The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $5-a-day minimum wage scheme, the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average wa
19、ge in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that, he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didnt involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal call
20、ed the plan “an economic crime“, and critics everywhere laughed at Ford. 4 But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component of Fords dream to make the automobile accessible (可及的 ) to all. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs pe
21、r car, the higher wages didnt matter-except for making it possible for more people to buy cars. 23 A. Fords Followers B. The Assembly Line C. Fords Great Dream D. The Establishment of the Company E. Fords Biggest Contribution F. Fords Great Talent 23 Paragraph 1 _ 24 Paragraph 2 _ 25 Paragraph 3 _ 2
22、6 Paragraph 4 _ 27 A. criticized by the media B. the low wage in the auto industry C. own a car D. produce cars in large numbers E. the 8-hour-shift practice F. combined technology and market 27 The assembly line made it possible to _ 28 Ford was the first to adopt _ 29 Higher wages enabled many peo
23、ple to _ 30 Fords higher-wage and lower-cost strategy was strongly _ 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Eta Carinae As possibly the galaxys (银河 ) most massive star, Eta Carinae is now engaging in some very unusual behaviour. Australian astronomers, being in the So
24、uthern Hemisphere (半球 ), are able to observe it clearly. In the 19th century, Eta Carinae was for a time the third brightest star in the sky. It has now become less bright so that binoculars (双筒望远镜 ) are needed to see it. “It seems to be brightening and becoming less bright over a period of many yea
25、rs“, said Dr Bob Duncan from the Australia Telescope National Facility. While it is not unusual for stars to vary in brightness, the period is usually much shorter. “Since 1992 it has become four times brighter, and then last year it began to drop dramatically,“ he said. The problem in observing Eta
26、 Carinae is that it has been surrounded by a cloud of gas and dust, making it hard to see the star directly. However, radio waves and infrared light (红外线 ) can pass through this cloud, so telescopes that receive these wavelengths can observe what is occurring. Eta Carinae is of particular interest t
27、o astronomers because it seems to be in its death throes (剧痛 ). Being so large it will end up as a supernova (超新星 ). There has not been a supernova in our galaxy since the invention of the telescope. While a 1987 explosion in a nearby galaxy gave astronomers plenty of valuable data, they are hungry
28、for an even closer look. Eta Carinae has other unique features, and is the only star known to produce an ultraviolet (紫外线 ) laser that is brighter than that produced by the Sun. Lasers have been observed in other frequencies from a few stars. 31 Eta Carinae is now engaging in （ A） some very common b
29、ehaviour. （ B） some very dull behaviour. （ C） some very frightening behaviour. （ D） some very strange behaviour. 32 The word “period“ in Paragraph 3 means the length of time （ A） over which stars vary in brightness. （ B） for which Eta Carinaes brightening lasts. （ C） Eta Carinae takes to become a su
30、pernova. （ D） it takes the laser from Eta Carinae to travel to the earth. 33 Eta Carinae is hard to observe because （ A） it is too far away. （ B） there is too much dust and gas around it. （ C） the binoculars are not powerful enough. （ D） it does not send out infrared light. 34 Astronomers are partic
31、ularly interested in Eta Carinae because （ A） it is in its final stage. （ B） it is a supernova. （ C） it exploded in 1987. （ D） it is brighter than the Sun. 35 Which of the following statements about Eta Carinae is NOT true? （ A） It will end up as a supernova. （ B） It can be seen only through binocul
32、ars, （ C） It is the only, star that sends out an ultraviolet laser. （ D） Its ultraviolet laser is brighter than that of the Sun. 36 New Foods and the New World In the last 500 years, nothing about people - not their clothes, ideas, or languages - has changed as much as what they eat. The original ch
33、ocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree (可可树 ) by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeti
34、ng places. Some still exist today. The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine (饥荒 ) “of 1845-18
35、46, and thousands more were forced to leave their homeland and move to America. There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Col
36、ombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400%. According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee b
37、ush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake“ feeling that one third of the worlds population now starts the day with. 36 According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years? （ A） Food. （ B） Clothing. （ C） Ideology. （ D） Language. 37 “Some“ in the last se
38、ntence of the first paragraph refers to （ A） some cocoa trees. （ B） some chocolate drinks. （ C） some shops. （ D） some South American Indians. 38 Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine“ because （ A） they were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything else. （ B） t
39、hey were forced to leave their homeland and move to America. （ C） the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoes. （ D） the potato harvest was bad. 39 Which country is the largest coffee producer? （ A） Brazil. （ B） Colombia. （ C） Ethiopia. （ D） Egypt. 40 Which of the followi
40、ng statements is NOT true, according to the passage? （ A） One third of the worlds population drinks coffee. （ B） Coffee is native to Colombia. （ C） Coffee can keep one awake. （ D） Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs. 41 Londons First Light Rail System The Docklands Light Railway (DLR) took just t
41、hree years to build at a cost of 77 million. It is Londons first Light Rail System, but its route follows that of a number of older lines, which carried the nineteenth century railways through the crowded districts of the East End. The section of the line from the Tower Gateway Station to Poplar fol
42、lows the line of one of Londons earliest railways, the London on board each vehicle, Train Captains, who are also fully qualified drivers, are equipped with two-way radios to maintain contact with central control. There are passenger lifts, and self-service ticket machines, at every station. 41 The
43、passage tells us that Londons first Light Rail System _ （ A） was constructed in the nineteenth century. （ B） will be finished in three years time. （ C） follows some of the original lines. （ D） took three years longer than expected to complete. 42 We learn from the passage that the London & Blackwell
44、 railway _ （ A） now carries passengers to and from the docks. （ B） was a busy line a few years ago. （ C） used to employ many messengers and clerks. （ D） was not originally a steam railway. 43 “This line“ in Paragraph 3 refers to _ （ A） the line from the Tower Gateway Station to Poplar. （ B） the line
45、 from Poplar to Island Gardens. （ C） the Millwall Extension Railway. （ D） the line from Poplar to Stratford. 44 It appears that the Poplar to Stratford section of the DLR route was originally developed to _ （ A） promote travel in the Midlands. （ B） encourage trade with the North of England. （ C） cre
46、ate employment. （ D） make the transport of goods easier. 45 The trains on the DLR are controlled by _ （ A） an on-board central computer. （ B） a computer engineer on board. （ C） two-way radios operated by the drivers. （ D） a computer center based somewhere along the line. 五、 补全短文 (第 46-50，每题 2分，共 10分
47、 ) 下面的短文有 5处空白，短文后有 6个句子，其中 5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 46 Tests Show Women Suited for Space Travel Between 1977 and 1981, three groups of American women, numbering 27 in all, between the age of 35 and 65, were given month-long tests for space travel purposes.(1) Those women were carefully sel
48、ected from among many applicants.(2)They were not allowed to smoke or drink alcohol during the tests, and they were expected to tolerate each others company at close quarters for the entire period. Among others things they had to stand pressure three times the force of gravity and carry out both phy
49、sical and mental tasks while exhausted from strenuous physical exercise.(3)During that time they suffered backaches and other discomforts.(4) Resuks of the tests suggest that wmen will have significant advantage over men in space.(5)Mens advantages in terms of strength and stamina, meanwhile, are virtually wiped: out by the zero gravity condition in space. A. At the end of ten years, they had to spend a further twenty days ab
