1、职称英语（综合类） ABC级综合模拟试卷 21及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 When we visited the country, our principal impression was one of poverty and hardship. （ A） main （ B） central （ C） unforgettable （ D） strong 2 I didnt help him. I would have however didnt
2、have the money. （ A） or （ B） but （ C） otherwise （ D） still 3 Smoking is not permitted in the office. （ A） probable （ B） possible （ C） admitted （ D） allowed 4 Gambling is lawful in this state. （ A） legal （ B） irresistible （ C） enjoyable （ D） profitable 5 You dont need to carry large amounts of cash;
3、actually all financial businesses will be conducted by computers. （ A） transmissions （ B） transitions （ C） transactions （ D） transportation 6 The people who speak Esperanto hope that the language someday will become the international language for trade, science, and diplomacy. （ A） common （ B） uniqu
4、e （ C） official （ D） well-known 7 All dogs are capable of doing harm to human beings. （ A） damage （ B） injury （ C） danger （ D） wound 8 They have been tightening their belts for months, adapting themselves to a war economy. （ A） modifying （ B） adopting （ C） arranging （ D） adjusting 9 What makes a maj
5、or success in Los Angeles is the strength of his public support. （ A） concentration （ B） intensity （ C） conservation （ D） stress 10 They had put up with the behavior from their son which they would not have tolerated from anyone else. （ A） accepted （ B） suffered （ C） endured （ D） received 11 He was
6、awarded 1,000 damages for the injury he suffered in the accident. （ A） compensation （ B） insurance （ C） commission （ D） substitution 12 The second injection should have been given once the first drug had taken effect. （ A） taken place （ B） injected （ C） worked out （ D） worked 13 The next morning she
7、 told us that the last question didnt depart till well after midnight. （ A） go （ B） leave （ C） come （ D） appear 14 Capital punishment was abolished some years ago in some states of the U.S. （ A） created （ B） decorated （ C） improved （ D） eliminated 15 Human facial expression differ from those of anim
8、als in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified. （ A） sufficiently （ B） noticeably （ C） intentionally （ D） absolutely 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 On British Newspapers Beside
9、s the daily newspapers, there are a number of Sunday newspapers in Britain. Many of them are connected with the “dailies“, though not run by the same editor and his members. The Sunday papers are larger than the daily papers and usually contain more articles concerned with comment (评论 ) and general
10、information rather than news. The national daily and Sunday papers have the largest circulation(发行 ) in the world. Of the Sunday papers, the Observer and the Sunday Times are the best known. It is a regrettable fact that the number of magazines of a literary or political nature has dropped down sinc
11、e the war. This has probably been caused by the ever-wider use of radio and television. The most successful magazines are those published for women. Their covers are designed to catch the eye, and they certainly succeed in doing so! They offer their readers articles on cookery (烹饪法 ), fashion, needl
12、ework, and many other matters of women interest. They also provide advice to those in love, and adventures with handsome heroes. Some womens magazines also include serious articles of more general interest. The visitor who looks at the magazines displayed in a large bookstall (书摊 ) which may be foun
13、d in an important railway station will notice that there is a wide variety of technical or semitechnical(半专业的 ) books and magazines. There are magazines for the motorist, the farmer, the gardener, the nurse, and many others. There are many local and regional newspapers. It is common in Britain for a
14、 news agent(报刊经售人 ) to deliver (投递 ) the morning papers to his customers for a small extra payment, this service is usually performed by boys and girls who want to earn some pocket-money. 16 Some Sunday newspapers may belong to the same publishing company but are not edited by the same group of peop
15、le. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 It is obvious that daily newspapers carry more information than the Sunday papers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The Observer carries more political articles than The Sunday Times. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The most succ
16、essful magazines in Britain are those published for women. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 In Britain men do not like reading magazines. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Bookstalls only sell technical or semi-technical magazines. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Man
17、y boys and girls deliver morning newspapers to make some pocket-money. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为 每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Womens Rights Movement 1 Womens rights are guarantee
18、s of political, social, and economic equality for women in a society that traditionally gives more power and freedom to men. Among these rights are control of property, equality of opportunity in education and employment, right of voting, and freedom of marriage. Today, complete political, economic,
19、 and social equality with men remains to be achieved. 2 Male control was obvious from the time of the earliest written historical records, probably as a result of mens role in hunting and warfare. The belief that women were naturally weaker and inferior to men was also found in god-centered religion
20、s. Therefore, in most traditional societies, women generally were at a disadvantage. Their education was limited to learning domestic skills, and they had no access to positions of power. A woman had no legal control over her person, her own land and money, or her children. 3 The Age of Enlightenmen
21、t and the Industrial Revolution, which caused economic and social progress, provided a favorable climate for the rise of womens rights movement in the late 18th and 19th century. In 1848 more than 100 persons held the first womens rights convention in New York, and the feminists demanded equal right
22、s, including the vote. 4 In the late 1960s women made up about 40 percent of the work force in England, France, Germany, and the United States. This figure rose to more than 50 percent by the mid-1981s. A commission under the President was established in 1960 to consider equal opportunities for wome
23、n. Acts of Congress entitled them to equality in education, employment, and legal rights. In 1964 the Civil Rights Act, initially intended only for blacks was extended to women. 5 The objectives of the womens movement included equal pay for equal work, federal support for day-care centers, recogniti
24、on of lesbian(女性同性恋 ) rights, making abortion legal, and the focus of serious attention on the problems of forced sex relations, wife and child beating, and discrimination against older and minority women. A) Goals B) History of Womens Rights Movement C) Start of Womens Rights Movement D) Traditiona
25、l Status of Women E) Rights of Women F) Development 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragraph 5_ 26 A) late 18th century B) equal education and employment with men C) weaker and lower in social position D) early 20th century E) her children F) the rights of voting 27 In some relig
26、ions, women were considered 28 Traditionally the law did not allow women to have the control over 29 Womens rights movement started in the 30 Acts of Congress gave women the right of 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Electric Backpack Backpacks are convenient. Th
27、ey can hold your books, your lunch, and a charge of clothes, leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you dont mind carrying a heavy load, your backpacks might also power your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home. Lawrence C. Rome and his collea
28、gues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. , have invented a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks. In military actions, search and-rescue operations, and scientific field studies, people re
29、ly increasingly on cell phones, global positioning system (GPS) receivers, night-vision goggles, and other battery-powered devices to get around and do their work. The backpacks electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearers load now devoted to spare batteries, repo
30、rt Rome and his colleagues in the Sept. 9 Science. The backpacks electricity-crew, ring powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against the wearers back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A gear mechanism converts vertical movem
31、ents of the pack to rotary motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts. Unexpectedly, tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits in response to the packs oscillations, so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpack
32、s. Because of that surprising advantage, Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack. The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers, and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. For the rest of us, power-generatin
33、g backpacks could make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs arent on the market yet, but if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways beore crossing the street! 31 Backpacks are convenient because （
34、 A） they can be very large. （ B） they can hold as many things as you want to carry. （ C） your hands are freed to do other things. （ D） you do not have to carry things with you. 32 What is the most important feature of the backpack invented by Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues? （ A） It produces ele
35、ctricity for electronic devisees while the wearer walks. （ B） It can be used as cell phones, GPS in the military actions or field studies. （ C） It is small and convenient. （ D） It is light and easy to carry. 33 The word “springs“ in Paragraph 3 means （ A） a small stream of water flowing naturally fr
36、om the earth. （ B） the season of the year, occurring between winter and summer. （ C） the act or an instance of jumping or leaping. （ D） a length of metal wound around, which returns to its original shape after being pushed. 34 According to Paragraph 4, what does Rome plan to do? （ A） To make the bac
37、kpack more comfortable for the wearer. （ B） To put the backpack on the market. （ C） To test the advantage of the backpack. （ D） To promote the backpack in a newspaper or on television. 35 What is implied in “if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street !“
38、? （ A） You will be too excited to watch the traffic. （ B） Enjoying electronic devices while walking may invite traffic accidents. （ C） It is not possible for you to get such a backpack. （ D） It is wise of you to have such a backpack. 35 Valuing Childhood The value of childhood is easily blurred (变得模
39、糊不清 ) in todays world. Consider some recent developments: The child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11 year old girl in Chicago. Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own
40、will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldnt begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive-youthful jealousy(妒忌 ) and resentment. But a deeper question remains: Why did these boys and others in simi
41、lar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint? That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girls bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids. Redemption (拯救 ) is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts
42、 of violence? The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not-cannot be-dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. Thats why politicians cries for adult treatment of yo
43、uthful criminals ultimately miss the point. But the moral void(真空 )that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether theyre doing enough to give their ch
44、ildren a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought? Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do law enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning,
45、and their observance (遵守 ). The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood (成年 ), so that tragic gaps in moral judgement are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who dont go that far, but who
46、lack the moral foundations childhood should provide-and which progressive human society relies on. 36 The two boys in Chicago were （ A） shot （ B） murdered （ C） sentenced （ D） accused 37 Thy boys in Jonesboro and Chicago apparently lacked a sense of （ A） discipline （ B） right and wrong （ C） shame （ D
47、） safety 38 According to politicians, when children commit crimes, they should be treated in the same way as （ A） adults （ B） criminals （ C） victims （ D） murderers 39 Which of the following does the writer cite as a source of moral void? （ A） Official corruption. （ B） Social injustice. （ C） Racial d
48、iscrimination. （ D） Family instability. 40 Which of the statements is NOT true according to this passage? （ A） Youth organizations play no role in building character. （ B） Schools should help create a moral sense in children. （ C） Law enforcement agencies should do more to help children understand l
49、aws. （ D） Parents should strengthen moral instruction. 40 Problems of the Elderly Gerontologists (老年人问题学者 ) study how old people are treated within a society and how the elderly deal with the inevitable problems of aging, particularly those involving health and income. Health problems include normal losses in hearing, eyesight, and memory, and the increased possibility of chronic(慢性的 )diseases. These losses are gradual and proceed at different rates for each individual.
