1、职称英语（综合类） ABC级综合模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 1. Loud noises can be annoying. （ A） hateful （ B） painful （ C） horrifying （ D） irritating 2 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be delibera
2、tely controlled and modified. （ A） sufficiently （ B） noticeably （ C） intentionally （ D） absolutely 3 The Constitutions vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change. （ A） imprecise （ B） concise （ C） unpolished （ D） elementary 4 The expedition reached the summit at
3、 10:30 that morning. （ A） top of the mountain （ B） bottom of the mountain （ C） starting point （ D） site 5 The latest census is encouraging. （ A） count （ B） statement （ C） agreement （ D） estimate 6 Academic records from other institutions often become part of a universitys official file and can neith
4、er be returned to a student nor duplicated. （ A） borrowed （ B） purchased （ C） copied （ D） rewritten 7 While serving in the Senate in the early 1970s, Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environmental problems. （ A） list （ B） forbid （ C） handle （ D） investigate
5、 8 Gambling is lawful in Nevada. （ A） legal （ B） irresistible （ C） enjoyable （ D） profitable 9 They always mock me because I am ugly. （ A） smile at （ B） look down on （ C） belittle （ D） laugh at 10 These are our motives for doing it. （ A） reasons （ B） arguments （ C） targets （ D） stimuli 11 It was a q
6、uestion of making sure that certain needs were addressed, notably in the pensions area. （ A） noticeably （ B） remarkably （ C） particularly （ D） significantly 12 His new girlfriend had omitted to tell him that she was married. （ A） forgotten （ B） failed （ C） deleted （ D） left out 13 Many of their idea
7、s are being incorporated into orthodox medical treatment. （ A） acceptable （ B） conservative （ C） western （ D） conventional 14 Charges for local telephone calls are outrageous. （ A） unheard of （ B） unacceptable （ C） unbelievable （ D） ridiculous 15 Guests were scared when the bomb exploded. （ A） frigh
8、tened （ B） killed （ C） endangered （ D） rescued 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Brands The word brand is a comprehensive term that encompasses other narrower terms. A brand is a name, term, symbol, and/or sp
9、ecial design that is intended to identify the goods or services of one seller or group of sellers. A brand differentiates one sellers products from those of competitors. A brand name consists of words, letters, and/or numbers that can be vocalized. A brand mark is the part of the brand that appears
10、in the form of a symbol, design, or distinctive coloring or lettering. It is recognized by sight but may not be expressed when a person, pronounces the brand name. A trademark is a brand that is given legal protection because, under the law, it has been appropriated by one seller. Thus trademark is
11、essentially a legal term. All trademarks are brands and thus include the words, letters, or numbers that can be pronounced. They may also include a pictorial design, Some people erroneously believe that the trademark is only the pictorial part of the brand. One major method of classifying brands is
12、on the basis of who owns them producers or middlemen. Sunbeam, Florsheim, Spalding (athletic products), and Sara Lee are producers brands, while Allstate, Shurfine, Sysco, Craftsman, and Penncrest are middlemens brands. The terms national and private have been used to describe producer and middleman
13、 brand ownership, respectively. However, marketing people prefer the producer-middleman terminology. To say that the brand of poultry feed marketed in three states by a small Birmingham, Alabama, manufacturer is a national brand, whereas the brands of Penneys or Sears are private brands, stretches t
14、he meaning of the terms national and private. 16 “Brand“ is a general term which covers narrower terms such as “brand name“, “brand mark“, and “trademark.“ （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 A brand name is intended to impress customers with an attractive and original design while a tradema
15、rk is intended to do so with a peculiar sound. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Trademarks arc protected by law while brand names are not. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Some people identify the brand mark with the trademark. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Among
16、various methods of classifying brands, the one based on ownership is widely accepted. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Penncrest is a national brand. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 When classifying brands, marketing people tend to employ the categories of “producer-owned“ and
17、 “middleman-owned“. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Why Does Food Cost So Much? 1 In 1959 the average American family paid $989 for a years supply of food.
18、In 1972 the family paid $1,311. That was a price increase of nearly one-third. Every family has had this sort of experience. Everyone agrees that the cost of feeding a family has risen sharply. But there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussed. Who is really responsible? 2 Ma
19、ny blame the farmers who produce the vegetables, fruit, meat, eggs, and cheese that stores offer for sale. According to the US Department of Agriculture, the farmers share of the $1,311 spent by the family in 1972 was $521. This was 31 per cent more than the farmer had received in 1959. 3 But farmer
20、s claim that this increase was very small compared to the increase in their cost of living. Farmers tend to blame others for the sharp rise in food prices. They particularly blame those who process the farm products alter the products leave the farm. These include truck drivers, meat packers, manufa
21、cturers of packages and other food containers, and the owners of stores where food is sold. They are among the “middlemen“ who stand between the farmer and the people who buy and eat the food. Are middlemen the ones to blame for rising food prices? 4 Of the $1,311 family food bill in 1972, middlemen
22、 received $790, which was 33 per cent more than they had received in 1959. It appears that the middlemens profit has increased more than farmers. But some economists claim that the middlemans actual profit was very low. According to economists at the First National City Bank, the profit for meat pac
23、kers and food stores amounted to less than one per cent. During the same period all other manufacturers were making a profit of more than 5 per cent. By comparison with other members of the economic system both farmers and middlemen have profited surprisingly little from the rise in food prices. 5 W
24、ho then is actually responsible for the size of the bill a housewife must pay before she carries the food home from the store? The economists at First National City Bank have an answer to give housewives, but many people will not like it. These economists blame the housewife herself for the jump in
25、food prices. They say that food costs more now because women dont want to spend much time in the kitchen. Women prefer to buy food which has already been prepared before it reaches the market. 6 Vegetables and chicken cost more when they have been cut into pieces by someone other than the one who bu
26、ys it. A family should expect to pay more when several “TV dinners“ are taken home from the store. These are fully cooked meals, consisting of meat, vegetables, and sometimes dessert, all arranged on a metal dish. The dish is put into the oven and heated while the housewife is doing something else.
27、Such a convenience costs money. Thus, as economists point out: “Some of the basic reasons for widening food price spreads are easily traceable to the increasing use of convenience foods, which transfer much of the time and work of meal preparation from the kitchen to the food processors plant.“ 7 Ec
28、onomists remind us that many modem housewives have jobs outside the home. They earn money that helps to pay the family food bills. The housewife naturally has less time and energy for cooking after a days work. She wants to buy many kinds of food that can be put on her familys table easily and quick
29、ly. “If the housewife wants all of these,“ the economists say, “that is her privilege, but she must be prepared to pay for the services of those who make her work easier.“ 8 It appears that the answer to the question of rising prices is not a simple one. Producers, consumers, and middlemen all share
30、 the responsibility for the sharp rise in food costs. 23 A The Cost of Convenience B A Surprising Answer Given by the Economists C The Effect of Inflation D Middlemens Limited Share in the Additional Profit E Farmers Denial of Increased Profit F Housewives Need to Find Jobs 23 Paragraph 3 _ 24 Parag
31、raph 4 _ 25 Paragraph 5 _ 26 Paragraph 6 _ 27 A Nor have the middlemen B to increase the prices for food C that they cannot agree on the causes of the increase in prices D to agree on the reasons for the increase E by buying prepared food F the popularization of convenience food 27 Many people agree
32、 that food prices have increased sharply but they have failed _. 28 The farmers have not been benefited very much. _. 29 Housewives have to pay for the time they save _. 30 The economists have come to the conclusion that the cause of increased food prices lies in _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下
33、面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 New York - the Melting Pot Recently the Department of Planning of New York issued a report which laid bare a full scale of change of the city. In 1970, 18 percent of the citys population was foreign-born. By 1995, the figure had risen to 33 percent, and another
34、20 percent were the US-born off springs of immigrants3. So immigrants and their children now form a majority of the citys population. Who are these New Yorkers? Why do they come here? Where are they from? (OK, time to drop the “they“. Im one of them.) The last question at least is easy to answer: we
35、 come from everywhere. In the list of the top 20 source nations of those sending immigrants to New York between 1990 and 1994 are six countries in Asia, five in the Caribbean, four in Latin America, three in Europe, plus Israel and the former Soviet Union. And when we immigrants get here we roll up
36、our sleeves. “If youre not ready to work when you get to New York,“ says a friend of mine, “youd better hit the road.“ The mayor of New York once said, “Immigration continues to shape the unique character and drive the economic engine of New York City. “He believes that immigrants are at the heart o
37、f what makes New York great. In Europe, by contrast, it is much more common to hear politicians worry about the loss of “unity“ that immigration brings to their societies. In the quarter century since 1970, the United States admitted about 12.5 million legal immigrants, and has absorbed them into it
38、s social structures with an ease beyond the imagination of other nations. Since these immigrants are purposeful and hard-working, they will help America to make a fresh start in the next century. 31 The report issued by the Department of Planning of New York （ A） put forward ways to control New York
39、s population. （ B） concerned itself with the growth of New Yorks population. （ C） studied the structure of New Yorks population. （ D） suggested ways to increase New Yorks population. 32 According to the second paragraph, which of the following is true of the immigrants in New York? （ A） One can not
40、find his place in New York unless he is ready to work. （ B） They found life in New York harder than in their own countries. （ C） Most of them have difficulty finding jobs. （ D） One can live on welfare if he does not want to work. 33 The mayor of New York considers immigration to be （ A） a big proble
41、m in the management of the city. （ B） a push needed to develop the city. （ C） a cause of disintegration of the citys social structure. （ D） an obstacle to the development of the city. 34 Where are the new New Yorkers from? （ A） Asia. （ B） Europe. （ C） All over the world. （ D） Latin America. 35 What
42、is the authors attitude towards immigration to New York? （ A） Negative. （ B） Worried. （ C） Indifferent. （ D） Positive. 36 Late-night Drinking Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick “pick-me-up“ cup of coffee late in the day will play havoc with your sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interr
43、upts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep. Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 am and 4 am, before falling again.“ Its the neurohormone that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when
44、to wake,“ says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the bodys levels of this sleep hormone. Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University
45、 found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decal. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared with 415 minutes after decaf. They also took half an hour to drop off - twice as lon
46、g as usual - and jigged around in bed twice as much. In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine sample. Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentration
47、s in caffeine drinkers were half those in decaf drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives melatonin production. Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommen
48、ds that coffee lovers switch to decal after lunch. 36 The author mentions “pick-me-up“ to indicate that （ A） melatonin levels need to be raised. （ B） neurohormone can wake us up. （ C） coffee is a stimulant. （ D） decaf is a caffeinated coffee. 37 Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects s
49、leep? （ A） Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melatonin production. （ B） Caffeine interrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping. （ C） Caffeine halves the bodys levels of sleep hormone. （ D） Caffeine stays in the body for many hours. 38 What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? （ A） Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep. （ B） Different findings of Lotan Shilo and a team about caffeine. （ C） The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night afte
