1、职称英语（综合类） ABC级综合模拟试卷 4及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 1. Although originally a German innovation, kindergarten got its real start in the United States as a movement to provide an improved learning environment for children. （ A） an easy （ B） a
2、playful （ C） an open （ D） a better 2 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance. （ A） beats （ B） matches （ C） maintains （ D） announces 3 The attack on Fort Sumter near Charleston provoked a sharp response from the North, which led to the A
3、merican Civil War. （ A） demanded （ B） elicited （ C） extracted （ D） defied 4 Illinois has produced writers such as Carl Sandburg, gangsters such as A1 Capone, and architects such as Louis Sullivan. （ A） violent criminals （ B） politicians （ C） musicians （ D） industrialists 5 The towers of a suspension
4、 bridge serve as a rigid framework to which the cables are attached. （ A） boundary （ B） skeleton （ C） enclosure （ D） material 6 The use of the chemical may present a certain hazard to the laboratory workers. （ A） protection （ B） indication （ C） immunity （ D） danger 7 Many economists have given in to
5、 the fatal lure of mathematics. （ A） error （ B） function （ C） attraction （ D） miracle 8 The development of the transistor and integrated circuits revolutionized the electronics industry by allowing components to be packaged more densely. （ A） compactly （ B） inexpensively （ C） quickly （ D） carefully
6、9 The leading astronomers of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were fascinated by comets. （ A） intrigued （ B） infected （ C） inconvenienced （ D） inclined 10 In their productions, choreographers of modem dance have introduced humor, protested social injustice, and probed psychological problems.
7、（ A） solved （ B） explored （ C） involved （ D） disputed 11 They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means. （ A） solve （ B） determine （ C） untie （ D） complete 12 The children trembled with fear when they saw the policeman. （ A） wept （ B） cried （ C） ran （ D） shook 13 We were shocked to find that Ma
8、ry didnt know her guests name. （ A） frustrated （ B） disturbed （ C） relieved （ D） surprised 14 We have got to abide by the roles. （ A） stick to （ B） persist in （ C） safeguard （ D） apply 15 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn east. （ A） extends （ B） stretches （ C） broadens （ D） traverse
9、s 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如 果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Easy Learning Students should be jealous. Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but theyve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep. By the time bab
10、ies are a year old they can recognise a lot of sounds and even simple words. Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finland suspected that they might progress this fast because they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake. To test the theory, Cheour and her colleagues stud
11、ied 45 newborn babies in the first few days of their lives. They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel sounds one that sounds like “oo“, another like “ee“ and a third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish and similar languages that sounds like something in between. EEG recordings of the i
12、nfants brains before and after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds. Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, while the rest were split into two sleep-study groups. One group was exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vow
13、els, while the others listened to other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds. When tested in the morning, and again in the evening, the babies whod heard the tricky boundary vowel all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognise this new sound. They could identify the soun
14、d even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all. Cheour doesnt know how babies accomplish this night-time learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies dont “turn off“ their cerebral cortex whil
15、e they sleep. The skill probably fades in the course of the first year of life, she adds so forget the idea that you can pick up tricky French vowels as an adult just by slipping a language tape under your pillow. But while it may not help grown-ups, Cheour is hoping to use the sleeping hours to giv
16、e remedial help to babies who are genetically at risk of language disorders. 16 Babies can learn language even in their sleep. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 An infant can recognize a lot of vowels by the time he or she is a year old. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Finnish
17、vowels are easy to distinguish. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The three vowels mentioned in this article are all Finnish sounds. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The study shows that the infants cerebral cortex is working while he is asleep. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not me
18、ntioned 21 If an adult wants to learn a language faster, he can put a language tape under his pillow. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Cheours finding is worthless. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每
19、段选择一个最佳 标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 How to Argue with Your Boss 1 Before you argue with your boss, check with the bosss secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the bosss secretary, there are keys to
20、 timing: dont approach the boss when hes on deadline; dont go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed; dont go in just before or after he has taken a vacation. 2 If youre mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And dont let a particular concern open the flo
21、odgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you. 3 Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other w
22、ants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it. 4 Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you cant put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how
23、 to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they cant get past the secretary. 5 To deal effectively with a boss, its important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the b
24、oss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals. 23 A Keep Your Voice Low All the Time B Put Yourself in the Bosss Position C Propose Your Solution D Dont Go in When You Are Angry E Make the Issue Clear F Never Give in 23 Paragraph 2 _ . 24 Paragraph 3 _ . 25 Para
25、graph 4 _ . 26 Paragraph 5 _ . 27 A to give the boss your advice B how he is feeling C the boss may have D what you really want to talk to him about E without suggesting a way to solve it F how unhappy you are 27 If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first _ . 28 It i
26、s necessary to make clear to the boss _ . 29 It is not wise to present the boss with a problem _ . 30 You must be considerate and think of the troubles _ . 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Driven to Distraction Joe Coyne slides into the drivers seat, starts up t
27、he car and heads to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him. But even if he hadnt stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isnt real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isnt rea
28、lly driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University (ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel. The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible or written directions, are to
29、o distracting or whether any distractions are offset by the benefits drivers get from having help finding their way in unfamiliar locations. “Were looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers,“ said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor leading the research, which involves m
30、easuring drivers reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual Cues. The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy vs. light traffic. Preliminary results show that as people “get into more
31、 challenging driving situations, they dont have any extra mental energy to respond to something else in the environment,“ Baldwin said. But the tradeoffs could be worth it, she said. The next step is to test different ways of giving drivers navigational information and how those methods change the d
32、rivers mental workload. “Is it best if they see a picture.that shows their position, a map kind of display?“ Baldwin said. “Is it best if they hear it?“ Navigational systems now on the market give point-by-point directions that follow a prescribed route. “Theyre very unforgiving,“ Baldwin said. “If
33、you miss a turn, they can almost seem to get angry.“ That style of directions also can be frustrating for people who prefer more general instructions. But such broad directions can confuse drivers who prefer route directions, Baldwin said. Perhaps manufacturers should allow drivers to choose the sty
34、le of directions they want, or modify systems to present some information in a way that makes sense10 for people who prefer the survey style, she said. Interestingly, other research has shown that about 60 percent of men prefer the survey style, while 60 percent women prefer the route style, Baldwin
35、 said. This explains the classic little thing of why men dont like to stop and ask for directions and women do, Baldwin added. 31 Which statement is true of the description in the first two paragraphs? （ A） If Coyne had stopped the car in time, he wouldnt have hit the woman. （ B） The woman would hav
36、e been knocked over, if Coyne had followed the traffic regulations. （ C） Coyne is not really driving so it is impossible for him to have hit the woman. （ D） If the woman had not crossed the street suddenly, Coyne would not have hit her. 32 What do researchers want to find out, according to the third
37、 and fourth paragraphs? （ A） Whether or not audible or written directions are distracting. （ B） How long it will take the driver to respond to auditory and visual stimuli. （ C） How the driver perform under certain mental workload. （ D） All of the above. 33 What are the preliminary results given in t
38、he fifth paragraph? （ A） Drivers are afraid of getting into challenging driving situations. （ B） In challenging driving situations, drivers still have extra energy to handle other things. （ C） In challenging driving situations, drivers do not have any additional mental energy to deal with something
39、else. （ D） Drivers mental load remains unchanged under different situations. 34 The sixth paragraph mainly state that the researchers （ A） are designing a visual navigational information system. （ B） are designing an audio navigational information system. （ C） are designing an audio-visual navigatio
40、nal information system. （ D） want to determine the best ways of giving navigational information system. 35 What kind of directions do men and women prefer? （ A） Women prefer more general directions and men prefer route directions. （ B） Men prefer more general directions and women prefer route direct
41、ions. （ C） Both men and women prefer general directions. （ D） Both men and women prefer route directions. 36 Eiffel Is an Eyeful Some 300 meters up, near the Eiffel Towers wind-whipped summit the world comes to scribble. Japanese, Brazilians, Americans they graffiti their names, loves and politics o
42、n the cold iron transforming the most French of monuments into symbol of a world on the move. With Paris laid out in miniature below, it seems strange that visitors would rather waste time marking their presence than admiring the view. But the graffiti also raises a question: Why, nearly 114 years a
43、fter it was completed, and decades after it ceased to be the worlds tallest structure, is la Tour Eiffel still so popular? The reasons are as complex as the iron work that graces a structure some 90 stories high. But part of the answer is, no doubt, its agelessness. Regularly maintained, it should n
44、ever rust away. Graffiti is regularly painted over, but the tower lives on. “Eiffel represents Paris and Paris is France. It is very symbolic,“ says Hugues Richard, a 31-year-old Frenchman who holds the record for cycling up to the towers second floor 747 steps in 19 minutes and 4 seconds, without t
45、ouching the floor with his feet. “Its iron lady, it inspires us,“ he says. But to what? After all, the tower doesnt have a purpose. It ceased to be the worlds tallest in 1930 when the Chrysler Building went up in New York. Yes, television and radio signals are beamed from the top, and Gustave Eiffel
46、, a frenetic builder who died on December 27, aged 91, used its height for conducting research into weather, aerodynamics and radio communication. But in essence the tower inspires simply by being there a bland canvas for visitors make of it what they will. To the technically minded, its an engineer
47、ing triumph. For lovers, its romantic. “The tower will outlast all of us, and by a long way,“ says Isabelle Esnous, whose company manages Eiffel Tower. 36 Why does the author think the Eiffel Tower is transformed into symbol of a world on the move? （ A） Tourists from all over the world come to the E
48、iffel Tower by car or by plane. （ B） Tourists of all nationalities come to scribble on the cold iron of the tower. （ C） The Eiffel Tower is the tallest building in the world. （ D） The Eiffel Tower represents all the towers in the world. 37 What seems strange to the author? （ A） Visitors prefer wasti
49、ng time scribbling to enjoying the view. （ B） Visitors spends much time watching other people scribbling. （ C） Only Japanese, Brazilians and Americans like to mark their presence. （ D） Scribbling spread from country to country. 38 Which statement is NOT true of Hugues Richard? （ A） He is a cyclist. （ B） He is a record holder. （ C） He climbed 747 steps up the tower in 19 minutes and 4 seconds. （ D） He cycled up to the towers second floor. 39 What did the builder use the Eiffel Tower for?
