1、职称英语（综合类） A级模拟试卷 16及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 She was a puzzle. （ A） girl （ B） woman （ C） mystery （ D） problem 2 Her speciality is heart surgery. （ A） region （ B） site （ C） platform （ D） field 3 France has kept intimate links with its for
2、mer African territories. （ A） private （ B） friendly （ C） strong （ D） secret 4 You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly. （ A） mixed （ B） spread （ C） beaten （ D） covered 5 The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. （ A） destroyed （ B） broke （ C） chan
3、ged （ D） smashed 6 Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first. （ A） posted （ B） sent （ C） handed （ D） given 7 The change in that village was miraculous. （ A） amazing （ B） conservative （ C） insignificant （ D） unforgettable 8 Customers often defer payment for as long as possibl
4、e. （ A） make （ B） demand （ C） obtain （ D） postpone 9 Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year. （ A） remove （ B） ban （ C） eliminate （ D） expel 10 She read a poem which depicts the splendor of the sunset. （ A） declares （ B） asserts （ C） announces （ D） describes 11 From my standpoint
5、, this thing is just ridiculous. （ A） point of view （ B） field （ C） knowledge （ D） information 12 The latest census is encouraging. （ A） statement （ B） assessment （ C） count （ D） evaluation 13 The curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy. （ A） different （ B） proud （ C） uncons
6、cious （ D） uncomfortable 14 Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it. （ A） able （ B） fortunate （ C） competent （ D） qualified 15 He was elevated to the post of prime minister. （ A） promoted （ B） pulled （ C） lifted （ D） treated 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个
7、句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Why is the Native Language Learnt So Well? How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A littl
8、e child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference? Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion
9、 lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its gen
10、uine form, with the fight pronunciation, fight intonation, right use of words and fight structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation. Then the child has, as it were, private lessons al
11、l the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is
12、nothing unnatural, such as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understoo
13、d and fulfilled. Finally, though a childs “teachers“ may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy. 16 Compared with adults learning a foreign language, children learn their native language wit
14、h ease. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Adults knowledge and mental powers hinder their complete mastery of a foreign language. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning. （ A） Right （
15、 B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Plenty of practice in listening during the first years of life partly ensures childrens success of learning their mother tongue. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 A child learning his native language has the advantage of having private lessons all the year r
16、ound （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Gestures and facial expressions may assist a child in mastering his native language. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 So far as language teaching is concerned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than
17、 the professional language teaching training he has received （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Even Intelligent People Can Fail 1 The striking thing about the
18、 innovators who succeeded in making our modern world is how often they failed. Turn oil a light, take a photograph, watch TV, search the web, jet across the Pacific Ocean, talk on a cell phone (手机 ). The innovators who left us these things had to find the way to success through a maze(错综复杂 ) of wron
19、g turn. 2 We have just celebrated the 125th anniversary of American innovator Thomas Edisons success in heating in thin line to white, hot heat for 14 hours in his lab in New Jersey, US. He did that on October 22,1879 and followed up a month later by keeping a thread of common cardboard alight (点亮着的
20、 ) in an airless space for 45 hours. Three years later he went on to light up half a square mile of downtown Manhattan, even though only one of the six power plants in his design worked when he turned it on, on September 4, 1882. 3 “Many of lifes failures,“ the supreme innovator said,“ are people wh
21、o did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. “ Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light. But in only two cases did his experiments work. 4 No one likes failure, but the smart innovators learn from it. M
22、ark Gumz, the head of the camera maker Olympus America Inc. , attributes some of the companys successes in technology to understanding failure. His popular phrase is, “You only fail when you quit“. 5 Over two centuries, the most common quality of the innovators has been persistence. That is another
23、way of saying they had the emotional ability to keep up what they were doing. Walt Disney, the founder of Disneyland, was so broke after a succession of financial failures that he was left shoeless in his office because he could not afford the US $ 1.50 to get his shoes from the repair shop. Pioneer
24、ing Car maker Henry Ford failed with one company and was forced out of another before he developed the Model T Car. 6 Failure is harder to bear in todays open, accelerated world. Hardly any innovation works the first time. But an impatient society and the media want instant success. When American mu
25、sic and movie master David Geffen had a difficult time, a critic said nastily that the only difference between Geffen Records (Geffens company)and the Titanic (the ship that went down) was that the Titanic had better music. Actually, it wasnt. After four years of losses, Geffen had so many hits (成功的
26、 ) he could afford a ship as big as the Titanic all to himself. A Importance of Learning from Failure B Quality Shared by Most Innovators C Edisons Innovation D Edisons Comment on Failure E. Contributions Made by Innovators F. Miseries Endured by Innovators 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Parag
27、raph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 26 A he developed 3,000 theories B he couldnt afford to buy a pair of shoes C he found himself an unsuccessful man D they quitted E. an innovation should work immediately F. failure is the mother of success 27 People often didnt realize how close they were to success when _
28、. 28 Before Henry Ford eventually developed the Model T car, _. 29 Walt Disney was once so poor that _. 30 The media demand that _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Beauty Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attracti
29、ve people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and have more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants (被告 ). But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability(不利因素 ). While attractiven
30、ess is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were perceived as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less
31、integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability to factors such as luck. All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable titan the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight su
32、ccesses was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of attractive overnight successes. Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is perceived to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine than the less attractive ones. Thus, a
33、n attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the “masculine“ qualities required. This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently. “ say
34、s Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for polit
35、ical offices. They were asked to rank them again in the order they would vote for them.The results showed that attractive males utterly defeated unattractive men, but the women who had been ranked most attractive invariably received the fewest votes. 31 The passage is mainly about: （ A） Beauty has a
36、lways been regarded as something praiseworthy. （ B） Beauty is a positive factor for woman on her way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a man. （ C） Why are attractive women not thought to be able? （ D） To women, beauty can become a disadvantage in the executive circle. 32 In traditionally fem
37、ale jobs, attractiveness _. （ A） reinforces the feminine qualities required （ B） makes women look more honest and capable （ C） is of primary importance to women （ D） often enables women to succeed quickly 33 Bowmans experiment reveals that when it comes to politics, attractiveness _. （ A） turns out
38、to be an obstacle to men （ B） affects men and women alike （ C） has as little effect on men as on women （ D） is more of an obstacle than a benefit to women 34 It can be inferred from the passage that peoples views on beauty are often _. （ A） concerned with action （ B） unfair and often unfavorable fee
39、ling or opinion formed without thinking deeply （ C） old-fashioned （ D） having wide and important effects 35 The author writes this passage to _. （ A） discuss the negative aspects of being attractive （ B） give advice to job seekers who are attractive （ C） demand equal rights for women （ D） emphasize
40、the importance of appearance 35 Where Have All the Bees Gone? Scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their hands. All across the country, honey bees are leaving their hives(蜂巢 ) and never returning. Researchers call this phenomenon colony-collapse(群体瘫痪 ) disorder. It is reposed that 25
41、to 40 percent of the honeybees in the US have vanished from their hives since last fall. So far, no one can explain why. Colony collapse is a serious concern because bees play an important role in the production of about one-third of the foods we eat. As they feed, honeybees spread pollen(花粉 )from f
42、lower to flower. Without this process, a plant cant produce seeds or fruits. Now, a group of scientists and beekeepers have teamed up to try to figure out whats causing the alarming collapse of so many colonies. They hope to find out whats contributing to the decline and to prevent bee disappearance
43、 in the future. It could be that disease is causing the disappearance of the bees. To explore that possibility, Jay Evans, a researcher at the United States Department of Agriculture (SDA) Bee Research Laboratory, examines bees taken from colonies that are collapsing. “We know what a healthy bee sho
44、uld look like on the inside and we can look for physical signs of disease. “ he says. And bees from collapsing colonies dont look very healthy. “Their stomachs are worn down compared to the stomachs of healthy bees. “ Evans says. It may be that a parasite(寄生虫 ) making the bees digestive organs. Thei
45、r immune(免疫的 )systems may not be working as they should. Moreover, they have high levels of bacteria inside their bodies. Another cause of colony-collapse disorder may be certain chemicals that farmers apply to kill unwanted insects on crops, says Jerry Hayes, chief bee inspector for the Florida Dep
46、artment of Agriculture. Some studies, he says, suggest that a certain type of insecticide (杀虫剂 )affects the honeybees newels system and memory. “It seems like honeybees are going out and getting confused about where to go and what to do. “ he says. If it turns out that a disease is contributing to c
47、olony collapse, bees genes could explain why some colonies have collapsed and others have not. In any group of bees there are many different kinds of genes. The more different genes a group have, the higher the groups genetic diversity. So far scientists havent determined the role of genetic diversi
48、ty in colony collapse, but its a promising theory, says Evans. 36 What is the mystery that researchers find hard to explain? （ A） Honeybees are flying all across the country. （ B） Half of the honeybees in the US have died （ C） Honeybees are leaving their hives and do not return. （ D） Honeybee hives
49、are in disorder. 37 Researchers are seriously concerned with the phenomenon of colony-collapse disorder because _ （ A） honeybees help produce one-third of the foods we eat. （ B） parasites on bees may spread everywhere. （ C） honeybees cannot find enough food elsewhere. （ D） honeybees feed on flowers. 38 Which of the following is a possible cause of the colony-collapse disorder? （ A） Population explosion. （ B） Decreasing number of flowers a
