1、职称英语（综合类） A级模拟试卷 23及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 It is difficult to get young people to plan for their old age, which seems very distant to them. （ A） impossible （ B） faraway （ C） observable （ D） fearful 2 Enamel, the hardest substance in a
2、human beings body, covers the entire crown of the tooth. （ A） whole （ B） inseparable （ C） superficial （ D） main 3 Grouping stars by constellations is a handy way of mapping the sky. （ A） nice （ B） funny （ C） manual （ D） convenient 4 Evolution has hardly changed the horseshoe crab over millions of ye
3、ars. （ A） carefully （ B） probably （ C） scarcely （ D） slowly 5 Although fish have no vocal organs, they still are able to make noises. （ A） signals （ B） bubbles （ C） sounds （ D） ripples 6 An oyster produces a pearl by coating a grain of sand inside its shell with nacre, a secretion of its body. （ A）
4、makes （ B） attains （ C） binds （ D） cures 7 Glassmaking was the first major industry in the United States. （ A） profitable （ B） productive （ C） sizable （ D） specialized 8 Seasonal variations in tides are due mainly to the gravitational pull of the moon. （ A） merely （ B） mostly （ C） likewise （ D） some
5、what 9 The polar regions are generally covered with ice and snow. （ A） areas （ B） rocks （ C） mountains （ D） seas 10 Structurally, the inside of early Christian churches was simple. （ A） layout （ B） design （ C） interior （ D） content 11 There are notices to the contrary, a great deal of technical writ
6、ing is at best awkward and at worst actually unclear. （ A） denials （ B） laws （ C） attempts （ D） ideas 12 Written records seldom tell social scientists all that they want to know about past cultures. （ A） usually （ B） frequently （ C） hardly ever （ D） never 13 Every country represented in the Olympics
7、 has a National Olympic Committee that selects the athletes who compete in the games. （ A） chooses （ B） honors （ C） supports （ D） trains 14 Genetics is the study of the biological factors that influence heredity and determine variation in living things. （ A） duplicate （ B） affect （ C） clarify （ D） i
8、mprove 15 The atmosphere, a narrow band of gases surrounding the Earth, is maintained by gravitational pull. （ A） clear （ B） freezing （ C） thin （ D） poisonous 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 The Fat Problem
9、 that Men Face It is a pleasure to see men of a certain age worrying about their weight. Listening to them is not such a pleasure. Because the men are new at the game, they dont hesitate to discuss the fat problem incessantly. However women of the same age do not discuss the fat problem, especially
10、not in mixed company. They prefer to face the problem with quiet dignity. Discussing the problem might only draw attention to some stray body part that may be successfully tucked away under an article of clothing. The age at which a man begins to explore the fat problem can vary. The actual problem
11、can manifest itself in the early 30s, but broad-range discussion usually starts later. There are early nonverbal symptoms. Ive watched the rugged journalist who shares my apartment sneak by with a Diet Coke. His shirts are no longer neatly tucked in to display a trim waist. Recently he has begun to
12、verbalize his anxiety. He tells me, with a sheepish grin, that he is taking his suits to Chinatown to have them “tailored“. Still-older men have lost their dignity and rattle on unabashedly. Often wives and children play important roles in their fat-inspection rituals. Take my oldest brother, a form
13、er college football player. His daughter says that several times a day he will stand at attention and call out, “Fat, medium or thin?“ She knows the correct answer:medium. Thin would be an obvious stretch, and fat may not get her that new video. According to his wife, he stands in front of the mirro
14、r in the morning(before the days meals take their toll), puts his hands behind his head and lurches into a side bend, then clutches the roll that has developed and says, “Am I getting fatter?“His wife is expected to answer, “You look like you may have lost a few pounds. “ And then there are the ex-h
15、usbands a pitiful group. They are extremely vocal. When I go to the movies with one, he confides that he is suffering from great hunger because he is dieting. He hasnt eaten since the pancakes and sausages he wolfed down that morning. He pauses in his monologue while he buys his popcorn. After the m
16、ovie, we sprint to a restaurant, where he again pauses to devour a basket of bread. Before he orders his chaste salad and soup, he grows plaintive. Do I think hes fat? 16 Men of a certain age are always ready to talk about their fat problem. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Women of a cer
17、tain age do not discuss the fat problem, especially in the presence of men. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Men usually begin to worry about their weight when they are nearly 40. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The journalist used to drink Diet Coke and tuck his shirts in ord
18、er to keep trim. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Men older than the journalist never hesitate to talk about their fat problem yet would be displeased if their family members tell them the truth. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 My oldest brothers daughter would not tell her fa
19、ther he is fat because she loves him so much that she cannot bear to upset him. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The ex-husbands are pitiful because they have got no wives to sympathize with their fat problem. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面
20、的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定 一个最佳选项。 22 How to Learn Language Successfully 1 Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickl
21、y than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them. 2 First of all
22、, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher;they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guesters who look for clu
23、es and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mistakes. 3 Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language (they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the lan
24、guage and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things;they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is
25、 inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every world. 4 Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak i
26、t. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it. 5 What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you ha
27、ve probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above. A Ways to Learn a Language Successfully B Learning a Language Purposefully C Learning a Langua
28、ge Actively D Learning a Language Independently E Learning from Mistakes F Learning to Think in the Target Language 23 Paragraph _ 24 Paragraph _ 25 Paragraph _ 26 Paragraph 4_ 26 A to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules B to expand vocabulary C to use the target language D to encourage
29、 unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefully E from clues F to say strange things 27 Successful language learners derive conclusions_. 28 Independent language learners rely on themselves_. 29 Active language learners seize every opportunity_. 30 The author wrote
30、this text_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 The State of Marriage Today Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, and the e
31、vidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the break up of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will many at least four times, and extramarital affairs will
32、 be even more common than they are now. But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy? The answer to the first question is really quite simple; marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. the institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Wome
33、n used to be economically dependent on their husbands as they usually didnt have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs, this is no longer the case, so they dont feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage. In answer to the second question, the outlook m
34、ay not be as pessimistic as it seems, While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now cohabit and dont bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do
35、not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriages survive. The statistics are deceptive because there is a higher number of divorces in second and third marriages than in first marriages. So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that mo
36、st people still get married indicates that it isnt. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people; they suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterpart
37、s. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships! 31 Which is true about the problem of marriage in the United States today? _ （ A） Divorce leads to the breakup of the family. （ B） Half of the married couples get divorced. （ C） American peop
38、le marry more than four times. （ D） More and more people are getting divorced. 32 What does “this is no longer the case“ in paragraph two mean? _ （ A） It is not necessary to get married any more. （ B） Women do not need a husband any longer. （ C） Women are not economically dependant any more. （ D） Ma
39、ny wives do well-paying jobs outside home now. 33 Why may the outlook of marriage not be as gloomy as it appears? _ （ A） Many people still like to get married. （ B） The rate of divorce has actually decreased. （ C） Over 50% of the marriages continue to exist. （ D） The statistics of divorce is not qui
40、te true. 34 How do people usually feel in their marriage life? _ （ A） They are much healthier. （ B） They feel no longer single. （ C） They are more satisfied. （ D） They suffer a lot less. 35 Which of the following about marriage is NOT mentioned in the passage? _ （ A） There will be more relationships
41、 outside marriage. （ B） Many people try to get married again after divorce. （ C） Marriage has long been partly an economical need. （ D） It is a fact that most people choose to get married. 35 Pop Music in Africa Young musicians in African countries are creating a new kind of pop music. The tunes and
42、 the rhythms of their music combine African traditions with various forms of music popular today, such as hip-hop, rap, rock, jazz, or reggae. The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world, but at the same time is distinctly African. It is different also in another w
43、ay： Many of the songs are very serious and they deal with important social or political issues in Africa today. Eric Wainaina is one of these African musicians. He grew up in Nairobi, Kenya, in a family of musicians. As a teenager, he listened to pop music from the United States, and later he moved
44、to Boston to study at the Berklee College of Music. Now he has produced a CD in Kenya. Erics most popular song, “Land of A Little Something“ is about Kenyas problem of bribery, or paying others for illegal favors. He wants people to listen to his songs and think about how to make Kenya a better plac
45、e to live. Another musician who writes serious songs is Witness Mwaijaga from Tanzania. Her own experiences have helped her understand the suffering of many African women. At the age of fifteen she lost her home, but she was luckier than other homeless young people. She could make a living by writin
46、g songs and singing on the street. By the time she was eighteen years old, she had become a star. Her songs are written in rap or hip-hop style about the problems that she sees in Tanzania, especially AIDS and the lack of rights for women. Baaba Maal, from Senegal, also feels that pop music must go
47、beyond entertainment. He says that in Senegal, storytellers have always been important people. In the past, they were the ones who kept the history of their people alive. Baaba believes that songwriters now have a similar responsibility. They must write about the world around them and help people un
48、derstand how it could be better. The words of his songs are important, in fact. They speak of peace and cooperation among Africans, as well as the rights of women, love for ones family, and saving the environment. One of South Africas most popular musicians is Brenda Fassie. She is sometimes compare
49、d to Madonna, the American pop star, because she likes to shock people in her shows. But she also likes to make people think. She became famous in the 1980s for her simple pop songs against apartheid. Now that apartheid has ended, her songs are about other issues in South African culture and life. To sing about these, she uses local African languages and a new pop style called kwaito. In recent years, people outside of Africa have also begun to listen to th
