1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 12及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The weather here has been exceptionally mild. （ A） extremely （ B） identically （ C） fashionably （ D） faithfully 2 He was said to have been removed from the position of manager for a recent conf
2、lict with an important customer. （ A） dismissed （ B） released （ C） picked （ D） exposed 3 I didnt immediately realize that how serious the situation was. （ A） once more （ B） right now （ C） fight down （ D） once again 4 I reserve the fight to disagree. （ A） deserve （ B） keep （ C） perceive （ D） notice 5
3、 Do you believe these two intimate friends used to be enemies? （ A） bearable （ B） internal （ C） close （ D） believable 6 Your compass and clock are the most essential instruments in sailing. （ A） equipments （ B） tools （ C） instructions （ D） opportunities 7 This book embraces many subjects. （ A） adopt
4、s （ B） covers （ C） presses （ D） accepts 8 We are wasting precious time sitting around here. （ A） valuable （ B） leisure （ C） spare （ D） previous 9 You must shine your shoes. （ A） lighten （ B） clean （ C） wash （ D） polish 10 A beautiful woman attended to me in that store yesterday. （ A） waited on （ B）
5、talked to （ C） spoke to （ D） stayed with 11 These are our motives for doing it. （ A） reasons （ B） arguments （ C） targets （ D） pursuit 12 Successful leaders dominate events rather than react to them. （ A） control （ B） contribute （ C） convey （ D） contact 13 The example was fundamental to the argument.
6、 （ A） impressive （ B） public （ C） essential （ D） slight 14 He did his best to inspire his team to great efforts. （ A） persuade （ B） instruct （ C） encourage （ D） discourage 15 I notified him that the meeting had been postponed. （ A） informed （ B） observed （ C） mocked （ D） misled 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题
7、1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 American Sports The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms: organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to vic
8、tory; athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playin
9、g in the game. Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket. Football is the mo
10、st popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European foo
11、tball or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur. Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and
12、 is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly. Other spectator sports
13、 include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horse, s in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do “not assemble“ primarily
14、 to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling is the attraction of horse racing. 16 Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old, in the US. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Professional baseball teams can continue to play for a long period of
15、 time in the fall after the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Football can be classified as a spectator sport. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （
16、C） Not mentioned 20 Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Basketball in American is so popular with universities that nationwide university matches are held yearly. （
17、A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Horse-racing fans cannot be considered sportsmen because they are spectators whose primary interest is gambling. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30
18、题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Hurricanes (龙卷风 ) Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability (不可预知 ) factor of the storms. In 1979
19、, realizing the sexist (性别歧视的 ) nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women. Hurricanes and typhoons (台风 ) are the same things. If they form in the Atlantic, we call these strong storms hurricanes, from the West Indian word hurricane, meaning “big wind“. And if they a
20、re Pacific storms, they are called typhoons from the Chinese taifun, meaning “great wind“. To be classified as a hurricane, the storm must have maximum winds of at least 75 mph. These storms are big, many hundreds of miles in diameter. Hurricanes get their power from water vapor as it gives out its
21、stored-up energy. All water vapor gives out heat as it condenses (凝结 ) from a gaseous state to a liquid state over fixed points on the equator (赤道 ). To make a hurricane, you must have extremely wet, warm air, the kind of air that can only be found in tropical region. Scientists have determined that
22、 the heat given out in the process of water condensation can be as high as 95 billion kilowatts per hour. In just one day alone, the storm can produce more energy than many industrialized nations need in an entire year! The problem is that we dont know how to make sure such great energy work for us.
23、 Predicting the path of a hurricane is one of the most difficult tasks for forecasters. It moves at a typical speed of 15 mph. But not always. Some storms may race at twice this speed, then suddenly stop and remain in the same location for several days. It can be maddening (发疯的 ) if you live in a co
24、astal area that may be hit. The biggest advance in early detection is continuous watch from weather satellites. With these, we can see the storms form and track them fully, from birth to death. While they can still kill people and destroy property, hurricanes will never surprise any nation again. 23
25、 A.A short history of naming hurricanes. B.Harnessing the hurricane energy. C.Difficulty in forecasting the course of a hurricane. D.Huge energy stored in a hurricane. E.Forecasting a hurricane through satellite watching. F.Different names for the same things. 23 Paragraph 1 _ 24 Paragraph 2 _ 25 Pa
26、ragraph 3 _ 26 Paragraph 4 _ 27 A.the timely discovery B.convenience C.sex equality D.its connection with humans E.the huge power F.its uncertainty 27 Both male and female names are used for hurricanes in consideration of _. 28 Using weather satellites can ensure _of hurricanes. 29 Energy specialist
27、s may be interested in _of hurricanes. 30 Scientists cannot accurately predict the course of a hurricane due to _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Domestic violence Domestic violence overwhelmingly a male-against-female problem but a major issue in same-sex rel
28、ationships as well is a public health dilemma that crosses boundaries of wealth, race and class. A decade ago, the standard question for a woman in an abusive relationship was: “Why dont you just leave?“ But evidence is mounting that “just leaving“ can be dangerous; some men become revengeful when a
29、 woman stands her ground. This is complicated by the fact that women often feel ambivalent toward their abusers, and want legal intervention one day and not the next. While the basic pattern fits into cultural definitions of masculinity and femininity, abuse is really about power and control. Its th
30、e opportunity, and the entitlement, for the powerful to use force to control the less powerful. How can such a complex dynamic ever be changed? “What seems most effective,“ Merry said, “is a three-layered approach.“ First, there must be “some kind of punishment for the batterer. In the absence of pu
31、nishment, other approaches dont have much impact. Second, there has to be some effort at reform-treatment programs.“ Over time, educating batterers that their behaviour is not acceptable can change cultural norms. Data suggest that, although many batterers drop out of treatment programs, 80 percent
32、of those who stay stop battering, at least for a year. “Third, there must be mechanisms that focus on the womans safety.“ Shelters help, but so do temporary restraining orders civil court orders aimed at keeping the batterer away from his victim. Over time, Merry said, “the law acts not just by impo
33、sing sanctions but also by creating normative standards for how people ought to treat each other.“ In recent years, the number of restraining orders has soared in many states, including Massachusetts. Restraining orders may not deter someone how is homicidal but they can work with a “relatively new
34、batterer who has not had a lot of experience with the courts.“ 31 Which of the following is NOT true about domestic violence? （ A） Domestic violence exists in rich and poor families alike. （ B） Domestic violence frequently happens in working class families. （ C） Domestic violence exists in same-sex
35、and opposite-sex relationships. （ D） Domestic violence often takes the form of male-against-female. 32 For a woman in an abusive relationship, leaving proves dangerous because _. （ A） her leaving may lead to more violence when she returns （ B） her leaving may mean she has no other way to protect her
36、self （ C） her leaving may be regarded as a sign of obedience （ D） her leaving may imply she wont take legal actions 33 It can be inferred from the context that the phrase “stands her ground“ in the first paragraph probably means _. （ A） stands on the floor （ B） doesnt give in （ C） gives him a kick （
37、 D） gives up on him 34 The abusive pattern is actually an exhibition of the concept that _. （ A） women are inferior to men （ B） men are more aggressive than women （ C） the powerful has the right to control （ D） power is the symbol of men 35 As to the remedies for domestic violence we know from the p
38、assage that _. （ A） reform-treatment programs actually dont work for most abusive persons （ B） punishment is the prior step for the success of other approaches （ C） efforts on changing abusive persons cultural norms prove to have lasting results （ D） restraining orders have been proved successful fo
39、r stopping various abusive per sons 36 Extending the workplace by means of computer Telecommuting substituting the computer for the trip to the job as been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work. For worker it promises freedoms from the office, less time wasted in traff
40、ic, and help with child-care conflicts. For management, telecommuting helps keep high per formers on board, minimizes tardiness and absenteeism by eliminating commutes, allows periods of solitude for high-concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility. In some areas, such as Southern Calif
41、ornia and Seattle, Washington, local governments are encouraging companies to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush our congestion and improve air quality. But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the
42、differences between telecommuting realities and popular images. Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer form New York cities moves to the tranquil Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes into his offi
43、ce three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child; she hooks up her telephone modem connections and does office work between calls to the doctor. These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Telecommuting workers soo
44、n learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work
45、done. Management, too, must separate the myth from the reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is employees situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates a telecommuting arrangement. That is partly why, despite the widespre
46、ad press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small. 36 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for office employees? （ A） They are normally restricted to the office. （ B） They have to spare a great part of their salary for clothing.
47、（ C） Sometimes they need to take care of their sick children. （ D） They often spend a lot of time driving in heavy traffic. 37 The word “solitude“ in Para. 2 is closest in meaning to _. （ A） carelessness （ B） permission （ C） loneliness （ D） necessity 38 Whats the attitude of some local governments t
48、owards telecommuting? （ A） They approve of it. （ B） They are against it. （ C） They are indifferent to ti. （ D） They force it into application. 39 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is potentially solved by telecommuting? （ A） Employees lateness for their work. （
49、B） Employees absence from their work. （ C） Employees need for time alone to work intensively. （ D） Employees conflicts with their second jobs. 40 Which of the following is an example of telecommuting as described in the passage? （ A） A teacher directing computer-assisted learning in a private school. （ B） A technical writer sending documents created at home via computer. （ C） A scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space station. （ D） A manager controlling food production at home. 41 F
