1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 14及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences. （ A） force （ B） influence （ C） surprise （ D） power 2 Can you follow the plot so far? （ A） change （ B） investigate （ C） writ
2、e （ D） understand 3 Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. （ A） physical （ B） mental （ C） natural （ D） hard 4 In the latter case, the outcome can be serious indeed, （ A） result （ B） judgment （ C） decision （ D） event 5 Norman Blarney is an artist of deep convictions. （ A） s
3、tatements （ B） beliefs （ C） suggestions （ D） claims 6 Up to now, the work has been easy. （ A） So （ B） So long （ C） So that （ D） So far 7 The report advocated setting up day training colleges. （ A） supposed （ B） excited （ C） suggested （ D） discussed 8 Accordingly, a number of other methods have been
4、employed. （ A） Therefore （ B） Afterwards （ C） However （ D） Furthermore 9 The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking. （ A） view （ B） sight （ C） look （ D） point 10 Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. （ A） tensely （ B） nearly （ C） carefully （ D） closely 11 The union representat
5、ive put across her argument very effectively. （ A） explained （ B） invented （ C） considered （ D） accepted 12 He talks tough but has a tender head. （ A） heavy （ B） mild （ C） kind （ D） wild 13 It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. （ A） making （ B） taking （ C） discussing （ D） expecti
6、ng 14 Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. （ A） waste （ B） buy （ C） use （ D） sell 15 The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. （ A） function （ B） ability （ C） power （ D） volume 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；
7、如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 G8 Summit Leaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations (GS) will meet in Scotland in July this year. Representatives from China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil have also been invited. Heres what the G8 leaders want from the meeting. Br
8、itish Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the worlds poorest countries. He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010. He has also proposed reducing subsidies to Western farmers and removing restrictions on African exports. This has not got the approval of a
9、il members because it will hurt their agricultural interests. On climate change, Blair wants concerted (共同的 ) action by reducing carbon emissions (排放 ). US President George W. Bush agrees to give help to Africa. But he says he doesnt like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it will increase c
10、orruption. Bush said he would not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit, according to media. The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol (京都议定书 ). Although the US is the worlds biggest polluter, Bush so far refuses to believe there is sufficient scien
11、tific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem. French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change. He is determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal. German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blairs Africa proposals. Schroders offic
12、ials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africas problems as “old thinking.“ Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove theyve solved the corruption problem. Russian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value of more aid to Africa. But he
13、 has seen a way to make this work to his advantage. Putin intends to use the aid to Africa as a springboard (跳板 ) next year to propose aid to the former Soviet republics of Georgia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Moldova. Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumis priorities are a seat on the UN Securit
14、y Council, for which he will be lobbying (游说 ) at the summit. And hes concerned about the Democratic Peoples Republic of Koreas nuclear weapons programme. 16 The G8 countries include China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Blair hopes that the G8 co
15、untries will work together to reduce carbon emissions. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 India has accepted the invitation to attend the G8 meeting. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Bush agrees to increase aid to Africa. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Chirac takes a
16、 stand similar to Blairs on Africa and climate change （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 According to media, Bush will sign the Kyoto Protocol at the summit. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Japan will reject Blairs proposal to increase aid to Africa. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） N
17、ot mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 The Paper Chase “Running a house is a lot like running a business,“ says Stephanie Denton, a professional organizer based in Cincinnati, Ohio, who speci
18、alizes in both residential and commercial paperwork and record keeping. To get a successful grip on organizing documents, bills, and other materials, Denton suggests the following tips. Create a space in which you can always do your paperwork. This is perhaps the most important element of a successf
19、ul system. If you cant devote an entire desk to the task, at least invest in a rolling file cart to store active paperwork and a two-drawer file cabinet for family records. Store the rolling file cart wherever it is most convenient and comfortable to do your work, whether that is the kitchen, office
20、, or family room. When in doubt, throw it out. The first step to implementing a workable filing system is to eliminate paper you dont use, dont need, or that you could easily access again elsewhere. Throw out duplicate statements, old catalogs, and all of the coupons, mailings, or offerings youll ne
21、ver have an opportunity to use or even read. Set aside two days a month to pay bills. If a monthly due date doesnt fit into your cycle, call up the creditor and suggest a more convenient date. Keep two manila folders at the front of your system for current bills one to correspond with each bill-payi
22、ng day and file all incoming bills. Keep a list in the front of each folder of what needs to be paid in case the invoice never arrives or gets misplaced. Think of your filing system not as a rigid tool, but as a living, breathing system that can accommodate your changing needs. A good filing system
23、is both mentally and physically flexible. Everyones needs are different, says Denton, but when devising a filling system, ask yourself: “Where would I look for this?“ Create main headings for your filing system, such as Investments, Taxes, Children, and so forth, and file individual folders under th
24、e main headings. Never overstuff your files. 23 A.Find a place to work on. B.Implementing a workable filing system. C.What is a good filing system. D.How to invest in a rolling file cart. E.Get rid of unimportant things. F.Dealing with bills. 23 Paragraph 2_ 24 Paragraph 3_ 25 Paragraph 4_ 26 Paragr
25、aph 5_ 27 A.they are useless B.in paper chase C.that it is easily reached D.that different people have different requirements E.they are not comfortable F.in investing in coupons 27 Stephanie Denton is expert _ 28 You can put your file cart anywhere you like, on condition _ 29 Coupons should be thro
26、wn away because _ 30 “Mentally flexible“ indicates the fact _ 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Pushbike Peril Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure or even kill children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars so a team of engineers is redesigning the
27、humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer. Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that more than a third were caused by bicycl
28、e accidents. “The task was to identify how the injuries occurred and came up with some countermeasures,“ she says. By interviewing the children and their parents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. T
29、hey discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed, causing them to topple over. To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degrees but their momentum forces them into the end of the handlebars. The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars
30、 hits the ground, ramming it into their abdomen. The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact. The group hopes to commercialize the device, which should ad
31、d only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. “But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufacturer were unaware of the problem,“ says Arbogast. The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design.
32、 A decision is expected later this year. handlebar n (常用复数 ) (自行车等的 ) 车把 abdominal adj. 腹部的 redesign v. 重新设计 bioengineer n. 生物工程师 reconstruct vt. 重建；重构 countermeasure n. 对策 abdomen n. 膜，腹部 momentum n.冲力 handgrip n. 握柄 damping adj. 制动的，减速的，缓冲的 commercialize vt. 使商品化 31 According to the passage, some
33、engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because _. （ A） they are not noble enough （ B） they may kill children （ C） they are likely to crash （ D） they make the bike move at a low speed 32 In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries _. （ A） to discuss how abdominal
34、 injuries in children occur （ B） to show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accidents （ C） to point out what the countermeasures can be （ D） to tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project 33 Paragraph 3 mainly discusses _. （ A） why the children and their parents were interviewe
35、d （ B） when the children tom the handlebars through 90 degrees （ C） what causes the children to topple over （ D） how serious injuries occur 34 The passage implies that _. （ A） it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design （ B） the team of engineers has not found any countermeasure
36、s （ C） children like to ride bicycles at a very low speed （ D） a lot of children were killed in bicycle accidents in the past 30 years 35 The new handgrip works in which of the following ways? （ A） It call be commercialized. （ B） It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents. （ C） It adds a f
37、ew dollars to the cost of a bike. （ D） It changes the direction of the handlebars in all impact. 36 Common Problems, Common Solutions The chances are that you made up your mind about smoking a long time ago and decided its not for you. The chances are equally good that you know a lot of smokers ther
38、e are, after all about 60 million of them, work with them, and get along with them very well. And finally its a pretty safe bet that youre open-minded and interested in all the various issues about smokers and nonsmokers or you wouldnt be reading this. And those three things make you incredibly impo
39、rtant today. Because they mean that yours is the voice not the smokers and not the anti-smokers that will determine how much of societys efforts should go into building walls that separate us and how much into the search for solutions that bring us together. For one tragic result of the emphasis on
40、building walls is the diversion of millions of dollars from scientific research on the causes and cures of diseases which, when all is said and done, still strike the nonsmoker as well as the smoker. One prominent health organization, to cite but a single instance, now spends 28 cents of every publi
41、cly contributed dollar on “education“ (much of it in and-smoking propaganda) and only 2 cents on research. There will always be some who want to build walls, who want to separate people from people, and up to a point, even these may serve society. The anti-smoking wall-builders have, to give them th
42、eir due, helped to make us all more keenly aware of choice. But our guess, and certainly our hope, is that you are among the far greatest number who know that walls are only temporary at best, and that over the long run, we can serve societys interest better by working together in mutual accommodati
43、on. Whatever virtue wails may have, they can never move our society toward fundamental solutions. People who work together on common problems, common solutions, can. 36 What does the word “wall“ used in the passage mean? （ A） Anti-smoking propaganda. （ B） Diseases striking nonsmokers as well as smok
44、ers. （ C） Rules and regulations that prohibit smoking. （ D） Separation of smokers from nonsmokers. 37 In paragraph 4, “you“ refers to_. （ A） smokers （ B） nonsmokers （ C） anti-smokers （ D） smokers who have quitted smoking 38 It is evident that the author is not in favor of_. （ A） building a wall betw
45、een smokers and nonsmokers （ B） doing scientific research at the expense of ones health （ C） bringing smokers and nonsmokers together （ D） proving accommodation for smokers 39 As is suggested, the common solution to the common problem is_. （ A） to separate people from people （ B） to work together in
46、 mutual accommodation （ C） to make us more keenly aware of choice （ D） to serve societys interests better 40 According to the passage, the writer looks upon the anti-smoking wall-builders actions_. （ A） optimistically （ B） pessimistically （ C） unconcernedly （ D） skeptically 41 Technology Transfer in
47、 Germany When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nations vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣 ) has faltered (衰退 ) over the p
48、ast decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviable (令人羡慕 ) record for mining ideas into profit. Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve indu
49、strial problems and create sought-after technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programs for pumping money into start-up companies. Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not witho
