1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 26及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences. （ A） force （ B） influence （ C） surprise （ D） power 2 Can you follow the plot? （ A） change （ B） investigate （ C） write （ D）
2、understand 3 Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. （ A） physical （ B） mental （ C） natural （ D） hard 4 In the latter ease the outcome can be serious indeed. （ A） result （ B） judgment （ C） decision （ D） event 5 Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions. （ A） statements
3、 （ B） beliefs （ C） suggestions （ D） claims 6 Up to now, the work has been easy. （ A） So （ B） So long （ C） So that （ D） So far 7 The report advocated setting up day training colleges. （ A） supposed （ B） excited （ C） suggested （ D） discussed 8 Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed.
4、 （ A） Therefore （ B） Afterwards （ C） However （ D） Furthermore 9 The outlook from the top of the mountain is breathtaking. （ A） view （ B） sight （ C） look （ D） point 10 Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. （ A） tensely （ B） nearly （ C） carefully （ D） closely 11 The union representative put a
5、cross her argument very effectively. （ A） explained （ B） invented （ C） considered （ D） accepted 12 He talks tough but has a tender heart. （ A） heavy （ B） strong （ C） kind （ D） wild 13 It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy. （ A） making （ B） taking （ C） discussing （ D） expecting 14
6、Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing. （ A） waste （ B） buy （ C） use （ D） sell 15 The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. （ A） function （ B） ability （ C） power （ D） volume 二、 阅读判 断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提
7、供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Factors Influencing Marriage The common view in social science of love relationships is not that opposites attract each other but that like attracts like. People fall in love with others who share their interests and tastes and whose personalities are similar. H
8、ill, Rubin, and Peplau found only slight support for this view. On a great many characteristics, couples were not alike. On others, couples were only somewhat alike. Couples did tend to be about the same age, to be equally good-looking, to have similar IQ scores, to be of the same religion , and to
9、want the same number of children. But on each of these things, quite a few couples differed from one another. In fact, on only one question did most agree on. whether they were “in love“. The early interviews failed to find that being alike was very important in bringing couples together. The follow
10、-up interviews found that similarities were much more important in keeping couples together. Those who were together after two years were much more closely matched than couples who broke up, especially in terms of age, IQ, college plans, and looks. Thus, couples were much more likely to break up if
11、one person was a lot smarter, better looking, or older. It is easy to imagine why these differences would matter. If one person is much smarter or more mature than the other, this could cause conflicts. If one person is much better looking, he or she will have more chances for other relationships. Y
12、et other things that would seem as important turned out not to matter. Those who stayed together differed not at all from those who broke up in how alike they were on religion, sex role ideas, beliefs about sex, idealism, or the number of children they wanted. Surely, one might suppose that marked d
13、ifferences in sex role attitudes could cause friction or that religious differences might lead to breakups. But there was no evidence of this. In fact, conflict was not one of the main reasons people gave for breaking up. Most said they broke up because they got bored with the other person. Often th
14、is caused one of the pair to become interested in someone else, thus prompting (促进 ) the split (分裂 ). Perhaps surprisingly, the woman got involved with someone else far more often than the man. Also, women were much more likely to suggest a breakup than men, regardless of the grounds. However, peopl
15、e were more likely to remain friends after the breakup if the man asked for the split. This suggests that the male ego is more sensitive to rejection. 16 In a marriage, conflicts are often caused by the diversity of intelligence. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Similarities within couple
16、s were most important in keeping couples together. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Most couples are about the same age, to be equally good-looking, to have similar IQ scores and so on. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The religious differences are usually a big reason for brea
17、kups. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Most people hold the view not that opposites attract each other but that like attracts like. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 If a couple divorce without much conflict, they are more likely to remain friends after the breakup. （ A） Right （
18、 B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 When one of the pair becomes interested in someone else, the marriage is most likely to break up. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选
19、项。 22 Car Crime 1 A million motorists leave their cars filled up with petrol and with the keys in the ignition every day. The cars are sitting in petrol stations while drivers pay for their fuel. The Automobile Association (A. A. ) has discovered that cars are left unattended for an average three mi
20、nutes and sometimes longer as drivers buy drinks, sweets, cigarettes and other consumer items. With payment of credit cards becoming more and more common, it is not unusual for a driver to be out of his car for as long as six minutes, providing the car theft with a golden opportunity. 2 For more tha
21、n ten years there has been a big rise in car crime than in most other types of crimes. An average of more than two cars a minute are broken into or stolen in the U.K. Car crime accounts for almost a third of all reported offenses with no signs that the trend is slowing down. 3 Although there are hig
22、hly professional criminals involved in car theft, almost 90 percent of car theft is committed by the opportunists. Amateur thieves are aided by our own carelessness. The A.A. recommends locking up whenever you leave the car and for however short a period. A partially open sunroof or window is a furt
23、her come-on to thieves. 4 There are many other traps to avoid. The A. A. has found little awareness among drivers about safe parking. Most motorists questioned made no efforts to avoid parking in quiet spots -just the places thieves love. The A.A. advises drivers to park in places with people around
24、 - thieves dont like audiences. A. Safe parking B. Increase in car theft C. Opportunities for non-professionals D. Anti-theft organizations E. divers carelessness: a factor in promoting ear stealing F. car stealing mostly by professional criminals 23 Paragraph 1 _. 24 Paragraph 2 _. 25 Paragraph 3 _
25、. 26 Paragraph 4 _. 26 A. the carelessness of the drivers B. increase in the number of cars stolen C. non-professional thieves D. lack of parking space E. safe parking spots F. professional thieves 27 Most car thefts should be blamed on _. 28 In the past decades there has been a big _. 29 Most of th
26、e car thefts are found to be committed by _. 30 Car drivers are found to be careless in choosing _. 四、 阅读 理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Sleepless at Night It was a normal summer night. Humidity (湿气 ) hung in the thick air. I couldnt go to sleep, partly because of
27、my cold and partly because of my expectations for the next day. My mum had said that tomorrow was going to be a surprise. Sweat stuck to my aching body. Finally, gathered enough strength to sit up. I looked out of my small window into the night. There was a big bright moon hanging in the sky, giving
28、 off a magic light. I couldnt stand the pressure anymore, so I did what I always do to make myself feel better. I went to the bathroom and picked up my toothbrush and toothpaste. I cleaned my teeth as if there was no tomorrow. Back and forth, up and down. Then I walked downstairs to look for some si
29、gns of movement, some life. Gladiator, my cat, frightened me as he meowed (喵喵地唱出 ) his sad song. He was on the old orange couch (长沙发 ), sitting up on his front legs, waiting for something to happen. He looked at me as if to say “Im lonely, pet me. I need a good hug (紧抱 ).“Even the couch begged me to
30、 sit on it. In one movement I settled down onto the soft couch. This couch represented my parents marriage, my birth, and hundreds of other little events. As I held Gladiator, my heart started beating heavily. My mind was flooded with questions: Whats life? Am I really alive? Are you listening to me
31、? Every time I moved my hand down Gladiators body, I had a new thought; each touch sang a different song. I forgot all about the heat and the next days surprise. The atmosphere was so full of warmth and silence that I sank into its alms. Falling asleep with the big cat in my arms, I felt all my worr
32、ies slowly move away. 31 The author of the passage could not go to sleep partly because _. （ A） it was too cold （ B） it was too dry （ C） he had a cold （ D） he had a fever 32 What was the weather like that night? （ A） It was chilly （ B） It was windy （ C） It was fine （ D） It was cloudy 33 The author b
33、rushed his teeth over and over _. （ A） to relieve himself of the pressure （ B） to ease his toothache （ C） to shake off the cold （ D） to remove the dirt 34 Gladiator was the name of _. （ A） a movie （ B） a pet （ C） a couch （ D） a song 35 What did the “couch“ represent? （ A） A new thought. （ B） Differe
34、nt songs. （ C） A comfortable life. （ D） Happy memories. 35 Ancient Egypt Brought Down by Famine Even ancient Egypts mighty pyramid (金字塔 ) builders were powerless in the face of the famine (饥荒 ) that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 B.C. Now evidence collected from mud deposited by th
35、e River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame and the same or worse could happen today. The ancient Egyptians depended on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons (季风 ) sou
36、thwards out of Ethiopia would have reduced these floods. Declining rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stabilize the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment (沉积 ) from the White Nile. Blu
37、e Nile mud has a different isotope (同位素 ) signature from that of the white Nile, so by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river. Krom reasons that during periods of dro
38、ught, the amount of Blue Nile mud in the river would he relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4500 to 4200 years ago, immediately came before the fall of the Egypts old Kingdom. The weakened waters would have been disaster for the Egyptians. “Changes that affect food supply dont
39、have to be very large to have a ripple (波浪 ) effect in societies, “says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York. Similar events today could be even more devastating, says team member Daniel Stanley, A scientist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D. C. “Anything huma
40、ns do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically. “ 36 Why does the author mention “Egypts mighty pyramid builders“? （ A） Because they once worked miracles （ B） Because they were well-built （ C） Because t
41、hey were actually very weak （ D） Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization 37 Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for bringing down the civilization of ancient Egypt? （ A） Change of climate （ B） Corruption （ C） Flood （ D） Population growth 38 Which of the follo
42、wing statements is true? （ A） The White Nile is the trunk of the River Nile. （ B） The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue Nile. （ C） The White Nile is a branch of the Blue Nile. （ D） The White Nile is a branch of the River Nile. 39 According to Krom, the Egypts old Kingdom fell _. （ A） immediately a
43、fter a period of drought （ B） immediately after a period of flood （ C） just before a drought struck （ D） just before a flood struck 40 The word “devastating“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by _. （ A） frustrating （ B） damaging （ C） defeating （ D） worrying 40 Technology Transfer in Germa
44、ny When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nations vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science. And though German prosperity (繁荣 ) has faltered (衰退 ) over the past de
45、cade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviable (令人羡慕的 ) record for turning ideas into profit. Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industri
46、al problems and create sought-after technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programs for pumping money i
47、nto start-up companies. Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These people worry that favoring applied research will mean neglecting basic science, eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. Every scientist starts thinking like an entrepre
48、neur (企业家 ), the argument goes, then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity-driven, free and widely available will suffer. Others claim that many of the programs to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bou
49、nd to go bankrupt within a few years. While this debate continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germanys research networks, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society that plays the greatest role in technology transfer. Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europes largest organization for applied technology, and has 59 institutes employing 12,00
