1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 43及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 He became famous for her coverage of significant events during the Second World War. （ A） baggage （ B） orphanage （ C） reportage （ D） usage 2 “Im not meddling, “ Mary said mildly. “Im just curi
2、ous. “ （ A） gently （ B） shyly （ C） weakly （ D） sweetly 3 His claims seem credible to many people. （ A） workable （ B） convincing （ C） practical （ D） eligible 4 We derive information mainly from the Internet. （ A） deprive （ B） obtain （ C） descend （ D） trace 5 Ill draft a letter for you. （ A） clarify （
3、 B） formulate （ C） revise （ D） contribute 6 They thought his behavior was abnormal. （ A） bad （ B） frightening （ C） repeated （ D） unusual 7 His new girlfriend had omitted to tell him that she was married. （ A） forgotten （ B） failed （ C） deleted （ D） left 8 By investing wisely she accumulated a lot of
4、 books. （ A） increased （ B） spread （ C） collected （ D） grew 9 I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a car. （ A） normally （ B） seldom （ C） continuously （ D） usually 10 Don t be so childish! （ A） simple （ B） immature （ C） beautiful （ D） foolish 11 If I make a mistake, I will try
5、to remedy it. （ A） clarify （ B） diagnose （ C） evaporate （ D） correct 12 He pulled out to overtake a truck. （ A） skip （ B） pass （ C） reach （ D） lead 13 He made a considerable sum of money in real estate. （ A） large （ B） positive （ C） powerful （ D） realistic 14 The construction of the railway is said
6、to have been terminated. （ A） resumed （ B） put an end to （ C） suspended （ D） re-scheduled 15 Five minutes left, the outcome of the match was still in doubt. （ A） result （ B） judgment （ C） decision （ D） event 二、 阅读 判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是
7、错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 The Only Way Is Up Think of a modern city and the first image that comes to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven. It is true that some cities don t permit buildings to go above a certain height. But these are cities co
8、ncerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell the world that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers. When people gather together in cities, they create a demand for land. Since cities are places where money is made, that demand can be met. And the best way to make money
9、out of city land is to put as many people as possible in a space that covers the smallest amount of ground. That means building upwards. The technology existed to do this as early as the 19th century. But the height of buildings was limited by one important factor. They had to be small enough for pe
10、ople on the top floors to climb stairs. People could not be expected to climb a mountain at the end of their journey to work, or home. Elisha Otis, a US inventor, was the man who brought us the lift or elevator, as he preferred to call it. However, most of the technology is very old. Lifts work usin
11、g the same pulley system the Egyptians used to create the Pyramids. What Otis did was attach the system to a steam engine and develop the elevator brake, which stops the lift falling if the cords that hold it up are broken. It was this that did the most to gain public confidence in the new invention
12、. In fact, he spent a number of years exhibiting lifts at fairgrounds, giving people the chance to try them out before selling the idea to architects and builders. A lift would not be a very good theme park attraction now. Going in a lift is such an everyday thing that it would just be boring. Yet p
13、sychologists and others who study human behavior find lifts fascinating. The reason is simple. Scientists have always studied animals in zoos. The nearest they can get to that with humans is in observing them in lifts. “ It breaks all the usual conventions about the bubble of personal space we carry
14、 around with us and you just can t choose to move away, “ says workplace psychologist, Gary Fitzgibbon. “ Being trapped in this setting can create different types of tensions, “ he says. Some people are scared of them. Others use them as an opportunity to get close to the boss. Some stand close to t
15、he door. Others hide in the corners. Most people try and shrink into the background. But some behave in a way that makes others notice them. There are a few people who just stand in a corner taking notes. Don t worry about them. They are probably from a university. 16 Some cities concerned with past
16、 permit buildings to go above a certain height. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 In a modern city, there has been built many skyscrapers. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The best way to make money out of city land is to build upwards for more people. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C）
17、 Not mentioned 19 The technology of building upwards existed in the early 19th century. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Otis sold immediately the idea of the lift to architects and builders. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Going in a lift is convenient every day. （ A） Right （
18、 B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 People trapped in this lift have different types of tensions. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 How We Form First Impression 1
19、 We all have first impression of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits. 2 The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your b
20、rain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits, even very minor difference in how a person s eyes, ears, nose, or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different. In fact, your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information the sights and sounds of your
21、world. These incoming “signals“ are compared against a host of “memories“ stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals “mean“. 3 If you see someone you know and like at school, your brain says “familiar and safe“. If you see someone new, it says, “new-potent
22、ially threatening“. Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other “known“ memories. The height, weight, dress, ethnicity, gestures, and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics are, the more your brain may say, “This is new. I dont like this pe
23、rson“. Or else, “Im intrigued“. Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes, ethnicity, gestures like your other friends;so your brain says, “I like this person“. But these preliminary “impressions“ can be dead wrong. 4 When we stereotype people, we use a less mature form of thinking(
24、not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child)that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people their history, interest, values, strengths, and true character we categorize them as jocks, geeks, or freaks. 5 However, if we r
25、esist initial stereotypical impressions, we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person, hear about his or her life, hopes, dreams, and become aware of the person s character, we use a different, more mature style of thinking and the most complex areas of
26、 our cortex, which allow us to be humane. A. Ways of Departure From Immature and Simplistic Impressions B. Comment on First Impression C. Illustration of First Impression D. Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories E. Threatening Aspect of First Impressions F. Differences Among Jocks,
27、 Geeks and Freaks 23 Paragraph 2 24 Paragraph 3 25 Paragraph 4 26 Paragraph 5 26 A. a stranger s less mature type of thinking B. the most complex areas of our cortex C. the immature form of thinking of a very young child D. the meaning of incoming sensory information E. the sights and sounds of the
28、world F. an opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking 27 Sensory information is one that is perceived through_. 28 You interpret_by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain. 29 The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking, which is similar to_. 30 We
29、can use our more mature style of thinking thanks to _ . 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Medical Journals Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals. In the past, these journals were available o
30、nly in print. With the development of electronic publishing, many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet, and some journals are published only online. A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover
31、 many fields of medicine. Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine. Medical journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical
32、 trials that compare outcomes of different treatments. Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature. Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from d
33、ifferent studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease. Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to trea
34、t them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors, often regarding a research or review article published in the same issue. Editorials provide a perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic. Letters to the editor pr
35、ovide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments, questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal. 31 The main readers of medical journals are_. （ A） the general public （ B） health professionals （ C） medical critics （ D） news reporters 32 Which of the following sta
36、tements is NOT true? （ A） Many medical journals also are published online. （ B） A few medical journals are general medical journals. （ C） Most medical journals are published only online. （ D） Most medical journals are specialty journals. 33 How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passa
37、ge? （ A） Five. （ B） Seven. （ C） Four. （ D） Six. 34 An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called_. （ A） a research article （ B） a review article （ C） a case report （ D） an editorial 35 Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments
38、on_. （ A） any medical event （ B） articles published in the same issue （ C） articles published in that journal （ D） medical development 35 Preserving Nature for Future Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. St
39、udies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 countries are members, have shown that 45 percent of reptile(爬行类的 )species and 24 percent of butterflies are in danger of dying out. European concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr. Peter Baum, an expert in the environment and natural resources division o
40、f the council, when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park. The park is one of the few areas in Europe to hold the council s diploma for nature reserves of the highest quality, and Dr. Peter Baum had come to present it to the park once again. He was afraid
41、 that public opinion was turning against national parks, and that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today. But Dr. Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environment needed to be allowed to survive in peace in their own right. “No area could be expect
42、ed to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist attraction, “he went on. The short-sighted(眼光短浅的 )view that reserves had to serve immediate human demands for outdoor recreation should be replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to preserve nature for the future. “We for
43、get that they are the guarantee of life systems, on which any built-up area ultimately depends, “ Dr. Baum went on, “ we could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature. However, our natural environment areas, which are the original parts of our countryside, hav
44、e shrunk to become mere(纯粹的 )islands in a spoiled and highly polluted land mass. “ 36 Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that_. （ A） wildlife needs more protection only in Britain （ B） all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out （ C） there are fewer species of re
45、ptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere （ D） many species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe need protecting 37 Why did Dr. Baum come to a British national park? （ A） Because he needed to present it with a council s diploma. （ B） Because he was concerned about its management. （ C） Because
46、 it was the only national park of its kind in Europe. （ D） Because it was the only park which had ever received a diploma from the Council. 38 The last sentence in the second paragraph implies that_. （ A） people should make every effort to create mere environment areas （ B） people would go on protec
47、ting national parks （ C） certain areas of countryside should be left intact （ D） people would defend the right to develop the areas around national parks 39 In Dr. Baum s opinion, the view that a nature reserve should serve as a tourist attraction is （ A） idealistic （ B） revolutionary （ C） short-sig
48、hted （ D） traditional 40 Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? （ A） We have developed industry at the expense of countryside. （ B） We have forgotten what our original countryside looked like. （ C） People living on islands should protect natural resources for their survival.
49、 （ D） We should destroy all the built-up areas. 40 Tales of the Terrible Past It is not the job of fiction writers to analyze and interpret history. Yet by writing about the past in a vivid and compelling manner, storytellers can bring earlier eras to life and force readers to consider them seriously. Among those taking on the task of recounting history are some black writers who attempt to examine slavery from different points of view. Nobel Prize-winning a
