1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 48及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The chemical is deadly to rats but safe to cattle. （ A） fatal （ B） hateful （ C） good （ D） useful 2 Its impolite to cut in when two persons are holding a conversation. （ A） leave （ B） talk loud
2、ly （ C） stand up （ D） interrupt 3 The committee comprises five persons. （ A） absorbs （ B） concerns （ C） excludes （ D） involves 4 Some desirable changes have taken place in this town. （ A） identical （ B） uncertain （ C） frequent （ D） satisfactory 5 What were the consequences of the decision she had ma
3、de? （ A） reasons （ B） results （ C） causes （ D） bases 6 The interview took place around the kitchen table and was very casual. （ A） formal （ B） informal （ C） regular （ D） irregular 7 His motive in coming was to find out the truth. （ A） reasons （ B） arguments （ C） targets （ D） stimuli 8 The girl is ga
4、zing at herself in the mirror. （ A） staring （ B） laughing （ C） shouting （ D） smiling 9 The childs abnormal behavior puzzled the doctor. （ A） funny （ B） frightening （ C） repeated （ D） unusual 10 The price of vegetables varies according to the weather. （ A） jumps （ B） rises （ C） falls （ D） changes 11
5、Up to now,the work has been easy. （ A） So （ B） So long （ C） So that （ D） So far 12 While we dont agree,we continue to be friends. （ A） Because （ B） Where （ C） Although （ D） Whatever 13 He collapsed following a vigorous exercise session at his home. （ A） broke down （ B） fell down （ C） come down （ D）
6、went down 14 Universities usually give diplomas or certificates to students who complete course requirements adequately. （ A） responsibly （ B） sufficiently （ C） patiently （ D） successfully 15 Mary called me up very late last night. （ A） praised me （ B） visited me （ C） telephoned me （ D） waked me 二、
7、阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 American Wedding “I do.“ To Americans, those two words carry great meaning.They can even change your life, especially if you say them at your own wedding.Making wedding vows is
8、like signing a contract.Now Americans dont really think marriage is a business deal.But marriage is a serious business. It all begins with engagement.Traditionally, a young man asks the father of his sweetheart for permission to marry her.If the father agrees, the man later proposes to her.Often he
9、tries to surprise her by “popping the question“ in a romantic way.Sometimes the couple just decides together that the time is right to get married.The man usually gives his francee(未婚妻 ) a diamond ring as a symbol of their engagement.They may be engaged for weeks, months or even years.As the big day
10、 approaches, their friends will provide many useful gifts.Today many couples also receive advice during engagement.This prepares them for the challenges of married life. At last it is time for the wedding.Although most weddings follow traditions, theres still room for individualism(个人主义 ).For exampl
11、e, the usual place for a wedding is a church.But some people get married outdoors in a scenic spot.A few even have the ceremony while sky-diving or riding on horseback! The couple may invite hundreds of people or just a few close friends.They choose their own style of colors, decorations and music d
12、uring the ceremony.But some things rarely change.The bride usually wears a beautiful, long white wedding dress.She traditionally wears “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue.“ The groom wears a formal suit. As the ceremony begins, the groom and his attendants stands wit
13、h the minister, facing the audience.Music signals the entrance of the brides attendants followed by the beautiful bride.Nervously, the young couple repeats their vows. Traditionally, they promise to love each other “for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health.“ But somet
14、imes the couple composes their own vows.They give each other a gold ring to symbolize their marriage commitment.Finally the minister announces the big moment: “I now pronounce you man and wife.You may kiss your bride!“ At the wedding reception, the bride and groom greet their guests.Then they cut th
15、e wedding cake and feed each other a bite.Later the bride throws her bouquet of flowers(花束 ) to a group of single girls.Tradition says that the one who catches the flower will be the next to marry.After the reception,many couples take a honeymoon,a one-to-two-week vacation trip,to celebrate their ne
16、w marriage. 16 American consider marriage as a business deal. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 If a young man proposed to a girl,the girl would ask her father for permission. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Besides holding the wedding ceremony in the church,there are various o
17、ther choices. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Before marriage,the couple can take some courses for preparation. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The bride must take something red during the wedding ceremony. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The girls father will tak
18、e her to the groom before they repeat their vows. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The exchange of gold ring is a necessary procedure. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6
19、个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Spacing in Animals 1.Any observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees.“Flight distance“ is the terms used for this interspecies spacing.As a general rule, there is a positive re
20、lationship between the size of an animal and its flight distance the larger the animal, the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy.An antelope will flee when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards a-way.The wall lizards flight distance, on the other hand, is about six fee
21、t.Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures. 2.Critical distance apparendy is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction.“Critical distance“ includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance.A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until
22、 it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome.If the man continues the approach, he soon penetrates the lions critical distance, at which point the cornered lion reverses direction and begins slowly to stalk the man. 3.Social animals need to stay in touch with each other.Loss of contact with the group
23、 can be fatal for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies.Social distance is not simply the distance at which an animal will lose contact with his group that is, the distance at which it can no longer see, hear, or smell the group it is rather a psychological distance, one at which the an
24、imal apparently begins to feel anxious when he exceeds its limits.We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group. 4.Social distance varies from species to species.It is quite short apparently only a few yards among some animals, and quite long among others. 5.Social distance is not alwa
25、ys rigidly fixed but is determined in part by the situation.When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mothers voice, social distance may be the length of her reach.This is readily observed among the baboons in a zoo.When the baby approaches a certain point, the mo
26、ther reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her.When added control is needed because of danger, social distance shrinks.To show this in man, one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street. A.Philosophical distance B.Flig
27、ht distance C.Social distance is determined in part by the situation D.Critical distance E.Social distance F.Physical distance 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 2_ 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 5_ 26 A.differs among animal species B.to psychological distance C.begin to attack D.to physiological distance E
28、.distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeing F.distance between certain animal species before fleeing 27 The most appropriate definition of Flight Distance is_. 28 If an animals critical distance is penetrated, it will_. 29 According to the passage, social distance refers_. 30 Social dis
29、tance_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Protection of Wildlife Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain some hide the fact that similar are felt ill the rest Europe.Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 countries are members, have shown t
30、hat 1 percent of reptile species and 24 percent of butterflies are in danger of dying out. European concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr.Peter Baum, an expert in the environment and nature resources division of the council, when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British
31、 national park.The park is one of the few areas in Europe to hold the councils diploma for nature reserves of the highest quality, and Dr.Peter Baum had come to present it to the park once again.He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks, and that those set up in the 1960s
32、and 1970s could not be set up today.But Dr.Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environments needed to be allowed to survive in a peace in their own right. No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as tourist attraction, he went on.The short
33、view that reserves had to serve immediate human demands for outdoor recreation should be replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to preserve nature for the future. “ We forget that they are the guarantee of life systems, on which any built-up area ultimately depends, “ Dr.Baum went
34、 on,“ We could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature.However, our natural environment areas, which are the original parts of our countryside, have shrunk to become mere islands in a spoiled and highly polluted land mass.“ 31 According to recent studies by th
35、e Council of Europe, we can learn that_. （ A） it is only in Britain that wildlife needs more protection （ B） all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out （ C） there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere （ D） certain species of reptiles and butterflies
36、 in Europe need protecting 32 Dr.Baum,a representative of the Council,visited one particular British national park because （ A） he was presenting the park with a diploma for its achievements （ B） he was concerned about how the park was being run （ C） it was the only national park of its kind in Euro
37、pe （ D） it was the only park which had ever received a diploma from the Council 33 Although it is difficult nowadays to convince the public of the importance of nature reserves, Dr.Baum felt that_. （ A） people would support moves to create more environment areas （ B） people would carry on supporting
38、 those national parks in existence （ C） existing national parks would need to be more independent to survive （ D） man should leave some areas of countryside undisturbed 34 In Dr.Baums opinion , a true nature reserve_. （ A） could never survive in a modern age （ B） should provide buildings for human a
39、ctivities （ C） should be regarded as a place where nature is protected （ D） could provide special areas for tourists to enjoy 35 Although we all depend on the resources of nature for our survival,_. （ A） industrial products are replacing all our natural resources （ B） it is only on islands that natu
40、re survives （ C） we have forgotten what our original countryside looked like （ D） we have allowed areas of countryside to be spoilt by industrial development 35 The Family The structure of a family takes different forms around the world and even in the same society.The familys form changes as it ada
41、pts to changing social and economic influences.Until recently, the most common form in North America was the nuclear family, consisting of a married couple with their minor children.The nuclear family is an independent unit.It must be prepared to fend for itself.Individual family members strongly de
42、pend on one another.There is little help from outside the family in emergencies.Elderly relatives of a nuclear family are cared for only if it is possible for the family to do so.In North America, the elderly often do not live with the family; they live in retirement communities and nursing homes. T
43、here are many parallels between the nuclear family in industrial societies, such as North America,and of families in societies such as that of the Inuits,who live in harsh environments.The nuclear family structure is well adapted to a life of mobility. In harsh conditions,mobility allows the family
44、to hunt for food. For North Americans, the hunt for jobs and improved social status also requires mobility. The nuclear family was not always the North American standard.In a more agrarian time,the small nuclear family was usually part of a larger extended family.This might have included grandparent
45、s, mother and father, brothers and sisters, uncles, aunts, and cousins.In North America today, there is a dramatic rise in the number of single-parent households.Twice as many households in the United States are headed by divorced, separated, or never-married individuals as are comprised of nuclear
46、families.The structure of the family,not just in North America, but throughout the world, continues to change as it adapts to changing conditions. 36 Another good title for this passage would be_. （ A） What Makes a Family? （ B） The Life of the Inuits. （ C） Living With Hardship. （ D） The Failure of t
47、he Nuclear Family. 37 According to the passage, which is the definition of a nuclear family? （ A） A nuclear family is a married couple with their minor children. （ B） A nuclear family is a single father with minor children. （ C） A nuclear family concludes parents, grandparents, and children. （ D） A
48、nuclear family concludes parents, children, and aunts and uncles. 38 The information in this passage would most likely be found in_textbook. （ A） an anthropology （ B） a biology （ C） a mathematics （ D） a geography 39 The information in the first paragraph is presented mainly through_. （ A） listing st
49、atistics （ B） telling a story （ C） pointing out similarities （ D） pointing out differences 40 The word “mobility“ means_. （ A） money （ B） readiness to move （ C） organization （ D） skill 40 Some Things We Know About Language Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so.But some things we do know. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort.There is no race of men
