1、职称英语（综合类） C级模拟试卷 16及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 Mary Mapes Dodge exercised considerable influence on childrens literature in the late nineteenth century. （ A） stylistic （ B） great （ C） personal （ D） exclusive 2 Many classical music lovers f
2、eel disoriented when they listen to modern atonal music. （ A） disgusted （ B） disappointed （ C） lost （ D） enchanted 3 Cattle graze on the dry uplands of the island of Hawaii. （ A） wander （ B） breed （ C） feed （ D） exercise 4 American journalists often overstate a situation to make the news more stimul
3、ating. （ A） exaggerate （ B） inspire （ C） animate （ D） misinterpret 5 Wet clays can be easily molded into a form that they retain. （ A） compressed （ B） combined （ C） placed （ D） shaped 6 After years of research, Charles Drew devised a procedure for preserving plasma. （ A） transporting （ B） saving （ C
4、） reusing （ D） labeling 7 Hes going to set off on a journey to New York. （ A） begin （ B） beset （ C） flaunt （ D） braid 8 These scissors are blunt and can not cut paper. （ A） weak （ B） broken （ C） dull （ D） rough 9 Most cloud formations occur when air masses of different temperatures collide. （ A） tou
5、ch （ B） smash （ C） bump （ D） clash 10 Pure feldspar is a colorless, transparent mineral, but impurities commonly make it opaque and colorful. （ A） truly （ B） rapidly （ C） periodically （ D） frequently 11 Margaret Meads reputation was established with the publication of her first book in 198and was en
6、hanced by her many subsequent contributions to anthropology. （ A） obscured （ B） entranced （ C） heightened （ D） restored 12 There are numerous manuals available with instructions on how to fix a bicycle. （ A） control （ B） ride （ C） repair （ D） steer 13 The hub of commerce is located near the capital.
7、 （ A） station （ B） example （ C） nucleus （ D） remnant 14 His friend unexpectedly dropped in. （ A） visited （ B） stepped in （ C） dropped off （ D） met 15 Bats are extremely shy creatures and avoid humans if at all possible. （ A） timid （ B） clean （ C） private （ D） noisy 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的
8、短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Food and Health The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. So
9、me research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon (结肠 ). Different cultures are more likely to develop certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illnes
10、s is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researchers realized that nitrates (硝酸盐 ) commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, accused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels
11、 of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin (青霉素 ) to beef and poultry(家禽 ), and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows, Sometimes similar dugs are administered to animals not for medicinal
12、 purposes, but for financial reasons, The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue. 16 As a result of scientific interventio
13、n (介入 ) .some harmful substances have been added to our food. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Nitrates are usually used for keeping the smell of food. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 “FDA“means Food and Drug Administration. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 All the
14、drugs given to the living animals are for the health of the living animals. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The FDA has tried to control the process of food. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not me
15、ntioned 22 Eighty percent of all animal illnesses are related to food. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Washoe Learned American Sign Language 1 An animal tha
16、t influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington. Washoe had become known in the scientific community and a-round the world for her ability to use Am
17、erican Sign Language. She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language. Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language. 2 Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966. In 1969, the Gardners described
18、Washoes progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example, Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas. She also asked questions like, “Who is coming to play?
19、“ Once the news a-bout Washoe spread, many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed. 3 However, critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers. They sai
20、d she had never developed true language skills. Even now, there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory, and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoes keepers disagree. Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners. He took Washoe to a research center
21、 in Ellensburg, Washington. There, Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees, which are still alive. 4 Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new information a-bout the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today, there are not as many scientists studying la
22、nguage skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time. 5 Debate continues about chimps understanding of human communication. Yet, one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence. A Reason Why Not Many Scientis
23、ts Carry out This Research Nowadays B Report about Washoes Progress in Learning Sign Language C General Information about Washoe D The Gardeners Contributions Recognized E Debate on Chimps Intelligence F Washoes Love for Three Young Chimps 23 Paragraph 1_. 24 Paragraph 2_. 25 Paragraph 3_. 26 Paragr
24、aph . 26 A If the Gardeners argument was sound B because she was cleverer than other chimps C when she wanted to eat D while she was at a research center in Ellensburg E Because she could use sign language to ask for fruits F while Washoe was learning sign language 27 Washoe could make signs to comm
25、unicate_. 28 Some scientists doubted_. 29 Washoe thought three younger chimps sign language_. 30 The experimenters thought Washoe was intelligent_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Forecasting Methods There are several different methods that can be used to creat
26、e a forecast. The method a forecaster chooses depends upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the forecaster, the level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast. The first of these method
27、s is the persistence method; the simplest way of producing a forecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For example, if it is sunny and 87 degree today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degree tomorrow. If two
28、 inches of rain fell today, the persistence method would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However, if weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use. The trends method involves determining the
29、speed and direction of movement for fronts, high and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation. Using this information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is 1, 000 miles west of your location
30、and moving to the east at 250 miles per day, suing the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4 days. The trends method works well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time, if they slow down, speed up, change intensity, or
31、change direction, the trends forecast will probably not work as well. The climatology method is another simple way of producing a forecast. This method involves averaging weather statistics accumulated over man years to make the forecast. For example, if you were using the climatology method to pred
32、ict the weather for new York City on July 4th, you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year, if the pattern is quite unu
33、sual for the given time of year, the climatology method will often fail. The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast. It involves examining todays forecast scenario and remembering a day in the past when the weather scenario looked very similar (an analog). The fo
34、recaster would predict that the weather in this forecast will behave the same as it did in the past. The analog method is difficult to use because it is virtually impossible to find a predict analog. Various weather features rarely align themselves in the same locations they were in the previous tim
35、e. Even small differences between the current time and the analog can lead to very different results. 31 What factor is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method? _ （ A） Imagination of the forecaster. （ B） Necessary amount of information. （ C） Practical knowledge of the forecaster. （ D） Degree
36、of difficulty involved in forecasting. 32 Persistence method will work well_. （ A） if weather conditions change greatly from day to day （ B） if weather conditions do not change much （ C） on sunny days （ D） on rainy days 33 The limitation of the trends method is the same as the persistence method in
37、that （ A） it makes predications about weather （ B） it makes predications about precipitation （ C） the weather features need to be well defined （ D） the weather features need to be constant for a long period of time 34 Which method may involve historical weather data? _ （ A） The trends method. （ B） T
38、he analog method. （ C） Both climatology method and analog method. （ D） The trends method and the persistence method. 35 It will be impossible to make weather forecast using the analog method_. （ A） when the current weather scenario differs from the analog （ B） when the current weather scenario is th
39、e same as the analog （ C） when the analog is over ten years old （ D） when the analog is a simple repetition of the current weather scenario 35 Telling Tales about People One of the most common types of nonfiction, and one that many people enjoy reading, is stories about peoples lives. These stories
40、fall into three general categories: autobiography, memoir, and biography. An autobiography is the story of a persons life written by himself or herself. Often it begins with the persons earliest recollections and ends in the present. Autobiography writers may not be entirely objective in the way the
41、y present themselves. However, they offer the reader a good look at the way they are and what makes them that way. People as diverse as Benjamin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. Other writers, such as James Joyce, have written thinly fictionalized accounts of their lives. Thes
42、e are not autobiographies, but they are very close to it. Memoirs, strictly speaking, are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. Memoir writers typically use these events as backdrops for their lives. They describe them in detail and dis
43、cuss their importance. Recently, though, the term memoir seems to be becoming interchangeable with autobiography. A memoir nowadays may or may not deal with the outside world. Biographies are factual accounts of someone elses life. In many senses, these may be the hardest of the three types to write
44、. Autobiography writers know the events they write about because they lived them. But biography writers have to gather information from as many different sources as possible. Then they have to decide which facts to include. Their goal is to present a balanced picture of a person, not one that is ove
45、rly positive or too critical. A fair, well-presented biography may take years to research and write. 36 This passage is mostly about_. （ A） famous autobiographies （ B） why biography can be difficult to write （ C） differences between autobiographies and memoirs （ D） the characteristics of autobiograp
46、hies, memoirs, and biographies 37 Helen Keller wrote_. （ A） a work of fiction （ B） a memoir （ C） a biography （ D） an autobiography 38 Autobiography writers are not always objective because they_. （ A） want to present themselves in a good light （ B） constantly compete with biography writers （ C） have
47、 trouble remembering the good times （ D） feel they have to make up details to make their books sell 39 The writer introduces each category in the passage by_. （ A） giving an example （ B） explaining why it is hard to write （ C） defining it （ D） telling when people first began writing it 40 Diverse me
48、ans_. （ A） enjoying poetry （ B） similar or alike （ C） varied or different （ D） able to swim in deep water 40 The History of Examinations In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry al
49、oud or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctors degree. Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the
