1、阅读理解模拟试卷 9及答案与解析 0 American Gun Pays Deluge Recently, many people have been killed by gun-shot in America. In the past, national political leaders might have raised troubling questions about how an unstable character could obtain easy access to high-powered weapons. They might have been even more mo
2、tivated given that Poplawskis cop-killing case was part of a near epidemic of mass murders that have left 58 people dead over the past month. Or given that Mexicos madly violent drug groups are arming them selves with high-powered assault (攻击 ) weapons purchased at US gun stores and later smuggled s
3、outh of the border. Yet many past champions of stricter gun-control measures ars silent. These include about top Obama White House officials who have forbade any talk within the administration about pushing further gun-control measures. Running for president in last years Democratic primaries, Barac
4、k Obama promised to restore a federal ban on certain semiautomatic (半自动的 ) assault guns a position thats still on the White House Web site. The ban was originally passed by the Democratic-controlled Congress in 1994 and abolished five years ago. In recent years the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firear
5、ms and Explosives (烟酒枪支爆炸物管理局 ) has also lifted virtually all restriction on imports of foreign-made assault weapons, permitting a flood of cheap Romanian, Bulgarian and other Eastern European AK-47s to enter the country, according to gun-control groups. But Obama and to White House aides have all b
6、ut abandoned the issue. Emanuel helped arrange passage of the original assault-weapons ban when he worked in the Clinton White House. Now he and other White House strategists have decided they cant afford to debate with the National Rifle Association at a time when theyre pushing other priorities, l
7、ike economic renewal and health-care reform, say congressional officials. A White House official, who asked not to identified discussing internal strategy, says,“ there isnt support in Congress for such a ban at his time.“ A White House spokesman says, “ the President supports the Second Amendment,
8、respects the tradition of gun ownership in this country, and be believes we can take common-sense steps to keep our streets safe.“ Pointing to $ 2 billion in new funding for state and local law enforcement in the stimulus package. 1 What can be inferred from Para. 1 ? （ A） The political leaders are
9、looking for the easy way to get high-powered weapons. （ B） Only 58 people survived the mass people-killing over the past month. （ C） It is not permitted to sell guns to Mexicans in America. （ D） High-powered weapons are available in the gun stores in America. 2 What is the most probable meaning of t
10、he word “smuggle (Line 14, Para. 1)? （ A） Use a smug to take something away secretly. （ B） Take goods illegally from one country to another. （ C） Give everything to a person who can be helpful. （ D） Devote all time and energy to ones own country. 3 Which of the following is true about the federal ba
11、n on semi-automatic assault guns? （ A） It was one of Obamas promises when he competed within his party. （ B） It is still effective to limit the sale of semi-automatic assault guns. （ C） It was the second time for the ban to be passed by Congress in 1994. （ D） None of the Americans want to bring it b
12、ack because it is too complex. 4 What is Obamas opinion about the gun in America? （ A） He thinks it necessary to have a gun in America. （ B） He attaches treat importance to the gun-shooting. （ C） He thinks it is a respectable tradition to have a gun in America. （ D） He wants to ban the ownership of
13、gun in America. 5 Why did the White House strategists abandon the restoring of the ban? （ A） Because they didnt think it useful to restore the ban. （ B） Because they thought the economic renewal is more important than the ban. （ C） Because none of them was familiar with the establishment of the ban.
14、 （ D） Because Obama will deal with the issue personally. 5 Exercise Defined Santa manages to wiggle up and down millions of chimneys in a single night, but somehow throughout the holiday season we avoid visiting the gym even once, its not that we mean to be naughty, but between the stocking-stuffing
15、, candle-lighting and party-hopping , we forget that its not just the tree that could use some trimming. Besides, theres simply not enough time, right? Good luck trying that excuse at Exercise Defined, a gym in the Districts Palisades neighborhood with an unusual fitness philosophy: Slow down to wor
16、k out fast. Clients are advised to come in no more than twice a week for sessions that max out at 30 minutes, which is how long it takes to complete five or six exercises. “Its referred to as slow burn or super slow. Twenty seconds would be an ideal repetition. And hopefully, youre not on any one ma
17、chine for more than three minutes,“ explains trainer Courtney Manuel. (She, by the way, hasnt seen a drop-off in appointments over the holidays and is booked solid for Christmas Eve.) The catch and you knew there had to be a catch is that although the pace is leisurely, the feeling is anything but.
18、“Nobody that works out here tells you its fun,“ she warns before we enter the gym, which looks like a torture chamber, thanks to loads of unfamiliar equipment in a white and tan color scheme. With the instructions given by the trainer, I managed to challenge my physical extreme on a series of machin
19、es. At the end of the 30 minutes work out, I found my entire body wiped out. The next morning, I ring Pete McCall, an exercise physiologist for the American Council on Exercise, to see what he thinks of super slow as a super-fast exercise strategy. “If youre fit and incredibly busy, it would work,“
20、he says. But for most folks, hed shy away from recommending the program, which cant really be done on your own and the kind of exercise that prepares you for daily life. However, McCall says anyone short of time should pay attention to the intensity of an Exercise Defined workout, since so many peop
21、le spend hours at the gym without accomplishing much. “You want to have a plan and know exactly what youre doing today. Write it out,“ he says. Compound exercises (ones such as wood chops that activate the upper and lower body) and, circuit training (which raises the heart rate) are his standard sug
22、gestions for making the most of a quickie workout. McCall also supports that get-off-the-Metro-a-stop-early trick to walk more. Another exercise physiologist giving thought to the time issue is Scan Foy, whos written The 10-Minute Total Body Breakthrough to explain his 4-3-2-1 approach to exercise.
23、Its four minutes of high-energy aerobic training (HEAT), three minutes of resistance training, two minutes of core work and one minute of deep breathing and stretching. That may not sound like much, but for someone new to exercise, its all Foy would recommend as a start. When all you have is 10 minu
24、tes, setting aside one for something that doesnt burn calories might sound silly, but Foy says the breathing and stretching portion is key to recovery and relaxation things we could use a lot more of during the holidays. And you dont need to wait until youve nursed your New Years hangover to get sta
25、rted. 6 What does the author mean by saying “its not just the tree that could use some trimming“ in Paragraph 1? （ A） People also need to keep fit and well built-up. （ B） Santa should also lose some weight. （ C） People should also help decorate the gyms. （ D） Christmas means not only trimming the tr
26、ees. 7 Which of the following can best describe the training in Exercise Defined? （ A） Torturing. （ B） Leisurely. （ C） Intensive. （ D） Slow. 8 Pete McCalls attitude towards the fitness philosophy of Exercise Defined is_. （ A） positive （ B） negative （ C） dialectical （ D） indifferent 9 Of all the fitn
27、ess philosophies in the passage,_is for those who havent done exercise before. （ A） super slow as a super-fast exercise strategy （ B） get-off-the-Metro-a-stop-early trick to walk more （ C） compound exercises and circuit training （ D） The 10-Minute Total Body Breakthrough 10 The purpose of the author
28、 in writing this passage is to_. （ A） make advertisement for Exercise Defined （ B） highlight the importance of workout （ C） recommend some methods for keeping fit （ D） call on people to prolong the work-out time 10 The Opportunity to Educate Is Fair In an ideal world,the nations elite schools would
29、enroll the most qualified students. But thats not how it works. Applicants whose parents are alumni (校友 ) get special treatment,as do athletes and rich kids. Under represented minorities are also given preference. Thirty years of affirmative action have changed the complexion of mostly white univers
30、ities; now about 13 percent of all undergraduates are black or Latino. But most come from middle- and upper-middle-class families. Poor kids of all ethnicities remain scarce. A recent study by the Century Foundation found that at the nations 146 most competitive schools, 74 percent of students came
31、from upper-middle-class and wealthy families, while only about 5 percent came from families with an annual income of roughly $ 35,000 or less. Many schools say diversity-racial, economic and geographic is key to maintaining intellectually vital campuses. But Richard Kahlenberg of the Century Foundat
32、ion says that even though colleges claim they want poor kids, “they dont try very hard to find them. “As for rural students, many colleges dont try at all. “Unfortunately,we go where we can generate a sizable number of potential applicants.“ Says Tulane admissionschief Richard Whiteside, who recruit
33、s aggressively and in person from metropolitan areas. Kids in rural areas get a glossy brochure in the mail. Even when poor rural students have the grades for top colleges, their high schools often dont know how to get them there. Admissions officers rely on guidance counselors to direct them to pro
34、mising prospects. In affluent high schools, guidance counselors often have personal relationships with both kids and admissions officers. In rural areas, a teacher, a counselor or even an alumnus “can help put a rural student on our radar screen,“ says Wesleyan admissions dean Nancy Meislahn. But po
35、or rural schools rarely have college advisers with those connections; without them,admission “can be risky,“ says Carnegie Mellons Steidel. In the past few years some schools have begun to open that door a little wider. At MIT (Massachusetts Institutes of Technology) its something of a mission for M
36、arilee Jones, the dean of admissions. Twenty years ago, 25 percent of each MIT class were first-generation college goers from poor backgrounds who used the celebrated engineering school as a ticket out of the blue-collar world. Five years ago, when that number dropped below 10 percent, Jones began s
37、couring the country for bright kids, and then paired the potential applicants with MIT faculty and students who could answer questions about college life. In four years Jones has doubled the number of poor first-generation students at MIT. 11 The first paragraph tells us in detail_. （ A） the most qu
38、alified students for elite schools （ B） the importance of a students background （ C） the source of the students in elite schools （ D） the ideal proportion of students enrollment 12 Why do many poor rural students fail to attend top colleges? （ A） Because their grades do not meet the requirement of t
39、op colleges. （ B） Because nobody would recommend them to top colleges. （ C） Because the education they have received is far behind. （ D） Because they cannot afford the high tuition of top colleges. 13 What does the author want to tell us by the case of MIT? （ A） Poor students have more chances to ap
40、ply to study in MIT. （ B） Personal relations play an important role in enrollment. （ C） MIT does much better in recruitment of poor students. （ D） The recruitment of poor students has been improved. 14 How did Marilee Jones increase the number of poor students at MIT? （ A） She strengthened the conne
41、ction with the guidance counselors in the country. （ B） She got connected with promising poor kids through the graduates of MIT. （ C） She built connections between promising poor kids and MIT teachers and students. （ D） She made efforts to persuade the MIT leaders to recruit more poor students. 15 W
42、hich of the following could be the best summary of the passage? （ A） How elite schools enroll the most qualified students. （ B） The importance of money for college applicants. （ C） Rural kids have difficulty in attending top colleges. （ D） Its important for colleges to maintain economic diversity. 1
43、5 Weather in the World Becomes Warm to Exhaust with Greenhouse Gas It was time to get creative. In 2006, a head of government had signed a law requiring that greenhouse gases be cut 20 percent below 1990 levels by 2020 and 80 percent by 2050. The cuts will be carried out through a cap-and-trade syst
44、em, like the one passed by the House of Representatives and introduced in the Senate, due to start in 2012. In an effort to reduce the cost of those greenhouse cuts, the executive reached out to his counterparts in Brazil and Indonesia, which have more than half of the worlds remaining tropical fore
45、sts. Because reducing deforestation is the cheapest way to mitigate climate change in the short term, he wanted utilities and other greenhouse emitters to be able to pay state governments in Brazil and Indonesia to preserve their forests, which ranchers and loggers keep whacking .yielding the same n
46、et gain for the atmosphere as reducing their own emissions of carbon dioxide. The details how to measure the C02 cuts, how much to pay for pre-serving forests will be worked out in the next few months, in time to set the rules for cap-and-trade. The official is Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger of Californ
47、ia, and his bilateral agreements with counterparts from Amazonas, Papua, and six other states in Brazil and Indonesia with millions of hectares of tropical forests illustrate why the impending failure to reach a new global climate accord isnt the disaster it might have been. Think “ subnational“. Al
48、though the 192 countries set to meet in Copenhagen next month will not reach a legally binding treaty setting out targets for greenhousegas reductions starting in 2012, cities, states, and provinces are on track to cut greenhouse gases. They see it as a way to retool their economies, draw high-payin
49、g jobs, and establish the industries of tomorrow, leapfrogging the sclerotic global talks. Californias partnerships, for instance, will be the first time tropical forests are corralled into an international agreement. Not even the 1997 Kyoto climate treaty which requires wealthy countries to reduce their emissions of six greenhouse gases 5.2 percent from 1990 levels, does that. “We will definitely keep moving ahead,“ says Anthony Brunello, Californias deputy secretary for cli
