1、阅读理解练习试卷 12及答案与解析 一、 Reading Comprehension Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the sq
2、uare brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 0 A report published recently brings bad news about air pollution. It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power disaster. The report was published by the UK Royal Commission
3、 on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution? Quite a lot, it turns out. Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution sour
4、ce exhaust fumes (烟气 ). Also dont walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward side of the street where exposure to pollutants can be 50 percent less than on the downwind side. Sitting on the drivers side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting on the side nearest the p
5、avement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground trains tends to be less toxic than that at street level, because underground pollution is mostly mad
6、e up of tiny iron particles thrown up by wheels hitting the rails. But diesel and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants. When you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic
7、 begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly. There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big diffe
8、rence. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build-up of pollutants. 1 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） How to fight air pollution in big cities. （ B） How to avoid air
9、 pollution in big cities. （ C） How to breathe fresh air in big cities. （ D） How serious air pollution is in big cities. 2 According to the report, air pollution in big cities _. （ A） can be more serious than Chernobyl nuclear disaster （ B） cannot be compared with the disaster in Chernobyl （ C） can r
10、elease as damaging radiation as the Chernobyl disaster （ D） can be more serious than we used to think 3 When you walk in a busy street, you should walk on the side _. （ A） where the wind is coming （ B） where the wind is going （ C） where the wind is weaker （ D） where the wind is stronger 4 If you tak
11、e a bus in a big city in China, you should sit _. （ A） on the left side in the bus （ B） on the right side in the bus （ C） in the middle of the bus （ D） at the back of the bus 5 It is implied in the passage that _. （ A） people should not take street level transportation （ B） tiny iron particles will
12、not cause health problems （ C） air pollution on an underground train is less poisonous （ D） traveling on an underground train is better than taking the bus 6 While waiting to cross a busy street, you should _. （ A） wait a few seconds until the fumes reduce （ B） stay away from the traffic as far as p
13、ossible （ C） hold your breath until you get to the other side of the street （ D） count down for the light to change 6 There are over 6 000 different computer and online games in the world now. A segment of them are considered to be both educational and harmlessly entertaining. One such game teaches
14、geography, and another trains pilots. Others train the player in logical thinking and problem solving. Some games may also help young people to become more computer literate, which is more important in this technology-driven era. But the dark side of the computer games has become more and more obvio
15、us. “A segment of games features anti-social themes of violence, sex and crude language,“ says David Walsh, president of the National Institute on Media and Family. “Unfortunately, its a segment that seems particularly popular with kids aged eight to fifteen.“ One study showed that almost 80 percent
16、 of the computer and online games young people preferred contained violence. The investigators said “These are not just games anymore. These are learning machines. Were teaching kids in the most incredible manner what its like to pull the trigger. What they are not learning are the real-life consequ
17、ences. “ They also said “The new and more sophisticated games are even worse, because they have better graphics and allow the player to participate in even more realistic violent acts.“ In the game Carmageddon, for example, the player will have driven over and killed up to 33 000 people by the time
18、all levels are completed. A description of the outcome of the game says: “Your victims not only squish under your tires and splatter blood on the windshield, they also get on their knees and beg for mercy, or commit suicide. If you like, you can also dismember them. “ Is all this simulated violence
19、harmful? Approximately 3 000 different studies have been conducted on this subject. Many have suggested that there is a connection between violence in games and increased aggressiveness in the players. Some specialists downplay the influence of the games, saying that other factors must be taken into
20、 consideration, such as the possibility that kids who already have violent tendencies are choosing such games. But could it be that violent games still play a contributing role? It seems unrealistic to insist that people are not influenced by what they see. If that were true, why would the commercia
21、l world spend billions of dollars annually for television advertising? 7 Which of the following computer games is NOT mentioned as educational and harmlessly entertaining? （ A） Those that help people learn more about computers. （ B） Those that teach the features of the earth. （ C） Those that provide
22、 special training for writers online. （ D） Those that provide special training for pilots. 8 According to one study, most computer and online games _. （ A） allow the players to take part in killing acts （ B） teach the players to be antisocial （ C） make the players forget the real life results （ D） t
23、hat young people like contain violence 9 What does the underlined word “dismember“ in paragraph 4 mean? （ A） To kick somebody out. （ B） To cut somebody into pieces. （ C） To dismiss somebody. （ D） To stab a knife into somebody. 10 Many studies have suggested that _. （ A） more and more young people en
24、joy cruel computer games （ B） violence in computer games makes their players more aggressive （ C） there are now far more incidents of violence due to computer games （ D） simulated violence in computer games is different from real violence 11 The author uses “television advertising“ as an example to
25、show that _. （ A） other factors must be considered as possible causes of violence in real life （ B） computer and online games are not the only cause of increased violence in real life （ C） the commercial world is contributing to the increased violence in real life （ D） there is a close link between
26、computer games and increased violence in real life 12 The best title for the passage could be _. （ A） The Dark Side of Computer Games （ B） Computer Games Advantages and Disadvantages （ C） The Development of Violent Computer Games （ D） A Study on the Influence of Computer Games 阅读理解练习试卷 12答案与解析 一、 Re
27、ading Comprehension Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your m
28、achine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. 【知识模块】 阅读理解 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第一段第四句是全文的主题句：城市居民如何减少接触被污染的空气。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 2 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 文章开始几句作者说：最近公布的一项报道给我们带来了关于空气污染的坏消息。报道指出空气污染对人体健康的损害程度可以和 1986年乌克兰切尔诺贝利核电站的放射对身体的损害相比。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 3 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 第二段第五句：在街上走的时候要走在迎风的一边，因为迎风一边的空气中污染物要比顺风的一边少一半。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 4
29、【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第三段第一句：坐公 共汽车时坐在司机的一边要比坐在靠近人行道一边多接触百分之十的污染物。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第三段第四句：地铁车厢里的空气污染通常比地面街道上的毒性小些，因为地铁里的污染物大多是由车轮与铁轨摩擦产生的铁的微粒组成的。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第四段第一、二句：等信号灯过马路的时候要尽量站得离马路边上的镶边石远一些。因为离车辆近的时候，每近一米都会加重污染。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 【知识模块 】 阅读理解 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第一段：有一些电脑游戏被认为
30、是既有教育意义又无害的娱乐游戏。有的电脑游戏教人们学地理，有的可以训练飞行员，有的可以训练人们的逻辑思维能力和解决问题的能力，有些游戏还可以帮助人们了解更多的计算机语言，这在我们这个技术驱动的时代是更加重要的。这里没有提到训练网上写作。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 8 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 第三段第一句：一项研究表明青年人喜欢的电脑游戏和网上游戏中80%含有暴力的内容。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第四段最后一句：如果你喜欢，你可以肢解他们。 dismember：肢解，割裂。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 10 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 第五段第三句：许多研究表明游戏中的暴力与玩游戏的人的暴力倾向增强是有关系的。 【知识模块】 阅读理解 11 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 最后一段第三句起：看来认为人们不受他们所看到的东西影响是不对的。如果不受影响的话，为什么商业界每年要花几十亿美元做电视广告呢 ? 【知识模块】 阅 读理解 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 全文主要介绍了电脑游戏的负面影响。在第二段第一句中作者说：但是电脑游戏的负面影响越来越明显了。该句为全文的主题句。 【知识模块】 阅读理解
