1、阅读理解（事实细节题）强化练习试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corr
2、esponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Today, cigarette smoking is a common habit. About forty-three percent of the adult men and thirty-one percent of the adult women in the United States smoke cigarettes regularly. It is encouraging to see that millions of pe
3、ople have given up smoking. It is a fact that men as a group smoke more than women. Among both men and women the age group with the highest proportion of smokers is 24 44. Income, education, and occupation all play a part in determining a persons smoking habit. City people smoke more than people liv
4、ing on farms. Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes. On the other hand, if a well-educated man with a higher income smoked at all, he is likely to smoke more packs of cigarettes per day. The situation is somew
5、hat different for women. There are slightly more smokers among women with higher family income and higher education than among the lower income and lower educational groups. These more highly educated women tend to smoke more heavily. Among teenagers the picture is similar. There are fewer teenaged
6、smokers from upper-income, well-educated families, and fewer from families living in farm areas. Children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke. 1 What do we know from the first paragraph? （ A） More and more people take up the habit of smoking. （ B） There are more sm
7、oking women than smoking men in the U. S.A. （ C） It is good news that more people have given up smoking. （ D） The U. S. has more smoking people than any other country. 2 What factors determine a persons smoking habits? （ A） Age, income and education. （ B） Age, sex and income. （ C） Occupation, income
8、 and sex. （ D） Occupation, income and education. 3 Which of the following is true according to the passage? （ A） City people are less likely to smoke. （ B） People in rural areas are more likely to smoke. （ C） Men with higher income tend to smoke. （ D） Well-educated men with high incomes are generall
9、y less likely to smoke. 4 What is the smoking situation for women? （ A） The situation is quite the same for women as for men. （ B） Better-educated women are likely to smoke heavily. （ C） There are more women smokers with low incomes. （ D） Women with higher incomes and higher education do not tend to
10、 smoke. 5 What can we say about teenaged smokers? （ A） The picture about the teenage smokers is similar to that of women smokers. （ B） The situation among teenagers is quite the same with men. （ C） High school students are more likely to smoke than college students. （ D） Farmers children tend to smo
11、ke more. 5 The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists (经济学家 ). It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. Thus, each
12、 person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built
13、 unless there is a big demand to justify them. One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw m
14、aterials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In the highly industrialized society the probl
15、em may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the gover
16、nment of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline. 6 A smaller population may mean_. （ A） higher productivity, but a lower average income （ B） lower productivity, but a higher average income （ C） lower productivity, and
17、a lower average income （ D） higher productivity, and a higher average income 7 According to the passage, a large population will provide a chance for developing （ A） agriculture （ B） transport system （ C） industry （ D） national economy 8 In a developed country, people will perhaps go out of work if
18、the birthrate_. （ A） goes up （ B） is decreasing （ C） remains stable （ D） is out of control 9 According to the passage, slowly rising birthrate perhaps is good for （ A） a developed nation （ B） a developing nation （ C） every nation with a big population （ D） every nation with a small population 10 It
19、is no easy job to carry out a general plan for birth control throughout the world because_. （ A） there are too many underdeveloped countries in the world （ B） underdeveloped countries have low level of industrial development （ C） different governments have different views about the problem （ D） even
20、 developed countries may have complex problems 10 To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. It was first used as a shade against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbr
21、ella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B. C We know that the umbrella was also used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authorit
22、y. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe
23、to use the umbrellas as protection against the rain were the ancient Romans. During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in 16 th century. And again it became a symbol of power and authority. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during
24、 all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasnt until the twentieth century that womens umbrellas began to be made in a variety of colors. 11 The first use of umbrella was as . （ A） protection against rain （ B） a shade against the sun （ C） a symbol of power （ D） a symbol of
25、honor 12 _were regarded as the people who first used umbrellas. （ A） Romans （ B） Greeks （ C） Chinese （ D） Europeans 13 The umbrella was used only by royal people or those in high office_. （ A） in European in the eighteenth century （ B） in ancient Egypt and Babylon （ C） in the Far East in ancient tim
26、es （ D） during the Middle Ages 14 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? （ A） Women enjoy using umbrella with various kinds of colors. （ B） The inventor of the umbrella is unknown. （ C） Once ordinary people had no right to use umbrellas. （ D） Umbrellas were popular and cheap i
27、n ancient times. 15 Which of the following may be the best title for the passage? （ A） When Was the Umbrella Invented. （ B） The Role of Umbrella in History. （ C） The Colors and Shapes of Umbrella. （ D） Who Needed Umbrella First. 阅读理解（事实细节题）强化练习试卷 2答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directio
28、ns: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the cent
29、er. 【知识模块】 事实细节题 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 很多人戒烟是个好消息。在文章的第一段，作者便提到，看到有数百万的人戒烟是令人振奋的。所以选 C。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 2 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 文章第三段的开头提到， Income， education， and occupation all play a part in determining a persons smoking habit收入、教育和职业都在人们的吸烟习惯中起到一定作用。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 高知识、高收入的男人不太容易吸烟。文章第三段提到， We
30、ll-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes文化程度和收入程度越高，吸烟的人越少。所以选 D。 【知识 模块】 事实细节题 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 文章第四段提到，女性的情况跟男性相反。 These more highly educated women tend to smoke more heavily女性受教育程度越高，吸烟数量越多。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 5 【正确答
31、案】 B 【试题解析】 青少年的情况与成年男人相似。最后一段提到 There are fewer teenaged smokers from upperincome， welleducated families， and fewer from families living in farm areas那些来自高收入、高知识家庭和农场区家庭的孩子吸烟的人数较少。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 【知识模块】 事实细节题 6 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握。见第一段第四句，人口多时 each person produces less and this means a lower
32、 average income ，人口相对少时隋况相反。因此 D项符合题意。 A、 B和 C三项均 不符合题意。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 7 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对具体句子意思的把握。见第一段最后一句， Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports， roads and railways， which are not likely to be
33、built unless there is a big demand to justify them依据这句话， ports，roads and railways提示我们选 transport system。其余选项文中找不到根据。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对关键句子及整篇文章的把握。第二段第四句指出，A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods低出生率导致失业。所以
34、选 B。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对文章细节的把握。第二段最后一句， the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population， rather than one which is stable or in decline “发达国家政府更希望看到人口缓慢增长而不是 ” 可见，低增长的出生率更有利于发达国家。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文的整体理解。第二段第一句， On
35、e of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials “在世界范围实施出生率控制计划的难点之一在于各国对于人口增长的态度不同 ” 【知识
36、模块】 事实细节题 【知识模块】 事实细节题 11 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握。 But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain It was first used as a shade against the sun根据第一段最后两句话可以得知。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 12 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对具体句子的理解。 Probably the first to use it were the Chinese根据第二段可直接得知。 【知识模块】 事实
37、细节题 13 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节 的把握。 In the Far East in ancient times， the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office根据第三段最后一句可得知。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 14 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文的把握以及关键点的理解。 And there was a strange thing connected with its use； it became a symbol of h
38、onor and authority In the Far East in ancient times， the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royal people or by those in high office由此可知，雨伞在古代曾经是权力和荣耀的象征，所以只能由皇族和高官使用，故此项不对。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文意思的把握。通读全文可知， 文章讲雨伞的不同用途，包括遮阳、遮雨，在古代还能象征权力和荣誉，所以 B能最好地概括全文，其他项都太过片面。 【知识模块】 事实细节题
