1、阅读理解（事实细节题）强化练习试卷 3及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corr
2、esponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem h
3、ow to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but also the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campuss six buildings comfortable. Some pa
4、rts of most modern buildings theaters and offices as well as classrooms are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called “heat recovery. “ A few modern buildings recover heat, but the Un
5、iversitys system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others. Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students emit more heat than female students do, and the larg
6、er a student is, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hardworking, overweight male genius. 1 Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it _ . （ A） was difficult to collect （ B） came in a variety of forms （ C）
7、was difficult to get rid of （ D） tended to be absorbed by physical objects , 2 Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campus? （ A） The heat is supplied by human bodies only. （ B） The heat is supplied by both human bodies and other heat-emitting objects. （ C） The heat i
8、s supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel. （ D） The heat is supplied by human bodies, other heat-emitting objects, and conventional fuel. 3 The phrase “even in winter“ (Lines 89) most nearly means_. （ A） if the winter is especially warm （ B） during all of the year except the winter （ C）
9、in winter as well as in other seasons （ D） during the evenings in winter 4 The phrase “heat recovery“ refers to a_. （ A） method of concealing the source of heat （ B） special form of air-conditioning （ C） supplementary hot water system （ D） way of reclaiming and re-using heat 5 According to the passa
10、ge which of the following would produce the LEAST amount of heat? （ A） A fat female who studies hard. （ B） A thin female who does not study. （ C） A fat male who does not study. （ D） A thin male who studies hard. 5 Nonverbal (非语言的 ) communication has to do with gestures, movements and closeness of tw
11、o people when they are talking. The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry. For example, the body distance between two speakers can be important. North Americans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend to stand close
12、 to the North American when speaking , while the South American often considers the North American to be “cold“ or “distant“ because he keeps a greater distance between himself and the person he is speaking to. The “eye contact“ provides another example of what we are calling nonverbal communication
13、. Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each-other than there is between people who dont like each other. The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking abo
14、ut. On the other hand, too long a gaze can make people uncomfortable. The eyes apparently play a great part in nonverbal communication. Genuine warmth or interest, shyness or confidence can often be seen in the eyes. We do not always consider a smile to be a sign of friendliness. Someone who is alwa
15、ys smiling, and with little apparent reasons, often makes us uneasy. 6 According to the passage, nonverbal communication_. （ A） is a method often used by people who cannot speak （ B） can tell something that words cannot （ C） can be used to talk with people who cannot hear （ D） is less used than word
16、s 7 The South American_. （ A） tends to keep a distance between himself and the person he is speaking to （ B） usually stands close to the person he is talking to （ C） is often unfriendly when spoken to （ D） is often cold and distant when speaking 8 Which of the following is NOT true? （ A） Less eye co
17、ntact suggests distance in relation. （ B） The longer one looks at you, the more interest he has in you. （ C） There is more eye contact between people who like each other. （ D） Shorter eye contact shows more interest in what one is talking about. 9 Too long a gaze_. （ A） may upset people being looked
18、 at （ B） shows ones great confidence （ C） indicates ones interest in the talk （ D） tells you how friendly one is 10 Constant smiling without apparent reason_. （ A） is a sign of ones friendliness （ B） is a sign of ones unfriendliness （ C） makes people feel happy （ D） makes people feel uncomfortable 1
19、0 Languages are remarkably complex and wonderfully complicated organs of culture. They contain the quickest and the most efficient means of communicating Within their respective culture. To learn a foreign language is to learn another culture. In the words of a poet and philosopher, “As many languag
20、es as one speaks, so many lives one lives. “ A culture and its language are as necessary as brain and body: while one is a part of the other, neither can function without the other. In learning a foreign language, the best beginning would be starting with the non-language elements of the language: i
21、ts gestures, its body language, etc. Eye contact is extremely important in English. Direct eye contact leads to understanding, or, as the English saying goes, seeing eye-to-eye. We can never see eye-to-eye with a native speaker of English until we have learned to look directly into his eyes. 11 The
22、best title for this passage is_. （ A） Organs of Culture （ B） Brain and Body （ C） Looking into His Eyes （ D） Language and Culture 12 According to this passage, the best way to learn a foreign language is_. （ A） to read the works of poets and philosophers （ B） to find a native speaker and look directl
23、y into his eyes （ C） to begin by learning its body language （ D） to visit a country where you can study 13 According to this passage, gestures are_. （ A） spoken words （ B） a non-language element （ C） pictures in a language （ D） written language 14 “As many languages as one speaks, so many lives .“ m
24、eans_. （ A） if one learns many foreign languages, one will have a better understanding of his own language （ B） life is richer and more interesting if one knows several languages （ C） no matter how many languages one knows, one can never know more than ones own culture （ D） if a person speaks only o
25、ne language, he will live a very happy life 15 Which of the following doesnt share the same meaning with the others? （ A） Signs. （ B） Gestures. （ C） Efficient. （ D） Body language. 15 Trees are useful to man in three very important ways, they provide him with wood and other products; they give him sh
26、ade; and they help to prevent droughts (干旱 ) and floods. Unfortunately, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire, but
27、, without its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the home-country found itself faced by flood and starvation. Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade villagers to see this. The villagers wa
28、nt wood to cook their food with; and they can earn money by selling wood. They are usually too lazy to plant and look after the trees. So, unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear. This does not only mean that the villagers chil
29、dren and grandchildren will have fewer trees. The results are even more serious, for where there are trees their roots break the soil up allowing the rain to sink in and also bind the soil, thus preventing its being washed away easily but where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and f
30、lows away from the surface, causing flood. 16 What is the most important function of trees? （ A） Providing fuel. （ B） Offering shade. （ C） Preventing natural disaster. （ D） Providing wood. 17 What eventually happened to the empire in the second paragraph? （ A） Its people died of hunger. （ B） It fell
31、 to pieces. （ C） It became a giant empire. （ D） It built many ships with wood. 18 It is implied in the passage that the villagers_. （ A） want a plentiful supply of trees （ B） want firewood badly （ C） just want to get money （ D） dont realize the importance of trees 19 The role of trees is to_. （ A） l
32、oosen soil （ B） keep soil in position （ C） harden soil （ D） both A and B 20 What is the passage mainly concerned with? （ A） The benefits of trees. （ B） Trees and soil protection. （ C） The various uses of trees. （ D） Different attitudes toward trees. 阅读理解（事实细节题）强化练习试卷 3答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Compreh
33、ension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single
34、line through the center. 【知识模块】 事实细节题 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 答案在开头的第二句： The usual problem is how to dispose of it dispose of处理，解决。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 答案在第一段的第四和第五句中。他们设计了一种收集系统，它不但利用人体的热，还收集由灯泡、冰箱等散发出来的热。有了这两种热能，作者指出在校园中已 无需任何 conventional fuel。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 第二段中说：大多数现代化的大楼有
35、些部分中 剧院、办公室以及教室 人体和灯泡散发出来的热能过于充沛，有时候甚至在冬天还需要空调散热。 even意为 “甚至 ”。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 回收再利用热能。此题考查考生对全文的总结能力以及 reclaim和re-use的词义。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 5 【正确答案】 B 【 试题解析】 最后一段倒数第二句说，男生发出的热量比女生发出的热量多，学生体积越大产生的热量越多。学习刻苦的比学习不刻苦的产生的热量多。所以最瘦的、学习不努力的女生产生的热量最少。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 【知识模块】 事实细节题 6 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本
36、题主要考查考生对文章定义的理解把握。即第一段 Nonverbal(非语言的 )communication has to do with gestures， movements and closeness of two people when they are talking The scientists say that those gestures， movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry A、 C、 D三项不符合题意，在文章中找不到依据。只有 B项是根据以上内容直接选出的。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 7 【正确答案
37、】 B 【试题解析】 本题主要考查考生对细节的把握。文章的第二段讲到 South American的部分， North Americans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend to stand close to the North American when speaking我们可以看出， “北美人抱怨南美人不友好 ”，但事实上并不是南美人不友好。因此 C项不符合题意。 “南美人和人谈话的时候总和对方站得很近 ”，因此B项正确。 A、 D两项是混淆选项，实际是北美人的特点。 【知识模块】 事实
38、细节题 8 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对文章重点句子的把握。 Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each other than there is between people who dont like each other “彼此喜欢的人之间的眼神交流远比彼此之间没有好感的人要多。 ”因此我们可以推出 C项的表述是正确的。 The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to look
39、s at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking about “你说话时对方看你眼睛的时间长短可以表示出他对你说话内容感兴趣的程度。 ”因此， A、 B两项的表述都是正确的。 D项的表述错误， “越短的眼神交流说明对说话人越感兴趣 ”明显是与原文不符的，故选 D。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 9 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对具体细节 的理解。 too long a gaze can make people uncomfortable “长时间盯着别人看会让人很
40、不安。 ”因此答案应该是 A。 B、 C、D三项文章中均未提到。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 10 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对具体细节的理解。 Someone who is always smiling， and with little apparent reasons， often makes us uneasy “如果一个人老是笑，而且没有具体原因，这也会使人 感到很不安。 ”因此 D项正确。其余选项不符合题意。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 【知识模块】 事实细节题 11 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文主旨的把握，此题要求选择题目 (title)。一般来
41、讲，题目要求简单精炼，能概括文章主题或中心 (subject theme)。英文文章讲求逻辑性，一般一段文字由主题句 (topic sentence)和支撑句 (supporting sentences)构成，且主题句多在段首。这段文字即为如此：首句是主题句，概述语言和文化的关系，接下来 的几句具体论述。从 In learning起，基于语言和文化的关系谈论如何学好外语。因此选 D。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 12 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对具体细节的理解。此类题要求回顾原文，答案对应文章的第六句话： In learning a foreign language， the
42、best beginning would be starting with the non-language elements of the language： its gestures， its body language， etc从这句中得出答案为 C。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对具体细节的理解。选 B，理由同上。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对具体句子的理解。所谓 “词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇 ”，因此要理解一句话的意思，就要把它放回原文，在上下文的语境中理解。这段文字论述语言和文化的关
43、系，这句话的前后两句都在论述语言和文化的紧密联系，因此这句话就是在说：如果一个人懂多种 语言，那他就了解了多种文化，生活就变得丰富多彩起来。另外也可从排除法的角度看。根据常识排除 C、D。 A、 B中再根据以上分析作答。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 15 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对具体细节的理解及常识的把握。答案对应第六句话，由此可判断 B、 D属 nonlanguage elements；根据常识判断 A也是。因此选C。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 【知识模块】 事实细节题 16 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对具体细节的理解。答案对应 于文章的第二段首句。这几
44、段文字讲述了树木的三种作用，并在第二段指出第三种作用最重要，即 Man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important所以 C正确。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对具体细节的理解。答案对应于文章的第二段 When the empire fell to pieces， the home country found itself faced by flood and starvation有些考生可能会选 A，但由这句看，帝国解体时，人民面临洪水和饥饿，而非
45、人民全部死于饥饿。所以 B正确。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 18 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生的推断能力及对文章的理解。此题要求推断言外之意，解题方法同 Passage 1的第四题。答案对应第三段第一句话： Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees， it is difficult for it to persuade villagers to see this从这句对比来看，应选 D。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 19 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考
46、生的总结能力及对具体细节的理解。答案对应文章最后一段的第二句话： The results are even more serious， for where there are trees their roots break the soil up allowing the rain to sink inand also bind the soil这句概括树木的作用为松弛、固定土壤。也可走捷径，从连词 also看应为两个作用，故选 D。 【知识模块】 事实细节题 20 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文主旨的把握。解题方法类似主题概括或题目选择题，如 Passage 1第一题。文章讲述了树木的重要作用或益处 (benefits)，主要论述了树木在防止自然灾害方面的作用，故选 A； B项只是其中一个方面，概括不全面。 【知识模块】 事实细节题
