1、阅读理解（推理判断题）强化练习试卷 3及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corr
2、esponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 If you smoke particularly cigarettes you are far more likely than a non-smoker to suffer or die from several major diseases notably lung cancer. One smoker in four dies prematurely (过早地 ) because of his smoking. The risk o
3、f dying for a heavy smoker (between the ages of 35 and 55) is roughly equal to the risk run by a non-smoker 10 years older. Cigarette smoking and to a lesser degree pipe and cigar smoking may aggravate (使 恶化 ) or be partly responsible for the development of a wide variety of other diseases, which in
4、clude cancers of the mouth and throat, peptic ulcers (胃溃疡 ) , and loss of teeth. Women who smoke during pregnancy produce babies on average about 5 to 8 ounces lighter than those who dont. Take lung cancer for example; Britains lung cancer figures are the highest in the world, and still rising. Nine
5、ty people die every day, 33,000 in 1969. Almost all these deaths can be attributed directly to tobacco smoking. The prospects of a cure for lung cancer are, at present, remote, and it is impossible to estimate when, if ever, someone will find one. You would be foolish to rely on someone finding a cu
6、re before you needed it. One man in eight who die between the ages of 35 and 64 is killed by lung cancer. The figures for women in this age group are lower, about 1 in 20. This is partly because women smoke less, and have not smoked as long. But the figures are still very high. 1 According to the pa
7、ssage, lung cancer_. （ A） is the major cause of death between the ages of 35 and 55 （ B） is most often caused by smoking （ C） never affects non-smokers （ D） has nothing to do with smoking 2 Women who smoke during pregnancy produce_. （ A） lighter babies than those who dont （ B） heavier babies than th
8、ose who dont （ C） babies who cant live long （ D） babies who suffer from heart diseases 3 The cure for lung cancer_. （ A） can be found before long （ B） is available if one needs it （ C） is unknown at present （ D） will be found before you need it 4 The passage suggests that women_. （ A） smoke as much
9、as men （ B） react better than men to smoking （ C） are affected by smoking only during pregnancy （ D） run the same risks as men if they smoke 5 What is the main idea of the passage? （ A） Man-smokers live shorter than woman-smokers. （ B） All the deaths in Britain result directly from tobacco smoking.
10、（ C） Smoking is the main killer of babies. （ D） Smoking can give rise to several major diseases. 5 One study shows that Americans prefer to answer with a brief “Yes“, “No“, “Sure“, or the very popular “Yeah“ rather than with a longer reply. But brief replies do not mean Americans are impolite or unf
11、riendly to some extent. Very often, Americans are in a hurry and may greet you with a single word “Hi“, indeed; this is a greeting you will hear again and again during your stay in the United States. It is used by everyone, regardless of rank, age or occupation. However, those who are accustomed to
12、longer greetings may require a little more time before they feel comfortable with American simple talk. Americans sometimes use plain talk when they are uncomfortable. If people praise them or thank them in an especially polite way, they may become uncomfortable and not know what to say in reply. Th
13、ey dont want to be impolite or rude, you can be sure that they liked what was said about them. Except for certain holidays, such as Christmas, Americans dont usually give gifts. Thus, you will find Americans embarrassed as they accept gifts, especially if they have nothing to give in return. They ar
14、e generally a warm but informal people. 6 The fact that Americans like shorter answers tells us_. （ A） they reply very quickly in a hurry （ B） they choose words too carefully （ C） they like replying briefly （ D） they want to be as polite as they can 7 Those who like using beautiful or formal words_.
15、 （ A） need more time to get used to American simple greeting （ B） need no time to get familiar with American greeting （ C） do not very much like American way of greeting （ D） think Americans are not polite whatever 8 Which of the following is NOT true? （ A） Americans often answer with the words like
16、 “Sure“, “Yeah“. （ B） They are not impolite with brief replies. （ C） Americans in high ranks must use formal words in greeting. （ D） Americans are a warm but informal people. 9 The Americans like others praise but if in a polite way_. （ A） they dont know what to say in reply （ B） they feel somewhat
17、uneasy （ C） they dont want to reply （ D） both A and B 10 The passage indicates that_. （ A） Americans exchange gifts the first time they meet （ B） Americans seldom give gifts except for some holidays （ C） Americans often bring some gifts to their friends （ D） Americans only want to get gifts from oth
18、ers 10 Television has opened windows in everybodys life. Young men will never again go to war as they did in 1914. Millions of people now have seen the effects of a battle. And the result has been a general dislike of war, and perhaps more interest in helping those who suffer from all the terrible t
19、hings that have been shown on the screen. Television has also changed politics. The most distant areas can now follow state affairs, see and hear the politicians before an election. Better informed, people are more likely to vote, and so to make their opinion count. Unfortunately, televisions influe
20、nce has been extremely harmful to the young. Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world; that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless. They believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable. All educators agree t
21、hat the “television generations“ are more violent than their parents and grandparents. Also, the young are less patient. Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and interesting, they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures; to read a book that requires thinking; to listen to
22、 a teacher who doesnt do funny things like the people on childrens programs. And they expect all problems to be solved happily in ten, fifteen, or thirty minutes. Thats the time it takes on the screen. 11 In the past, many young people_. （ A） knew the effects of war （ B） went in for politics （ C） li
23、ked to save the wounded in wars （ D） were willing to be soldiers 12 Now with TV people can_. （ A） discuss politics at an information center （ B） show more interest in politics （ C） make their own decisions on political affairs （ D） express their opinions freely 13 The author thinks that TV advertise
24、ments_. （ A） are not reliable on the whole （ B） are useless to people （ C） are a good guide to adults （ D） are very harmful to the young 14 Which is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） People have become used to crimes now. （ B） With a TV set some problems can be solved quickly. （ C） People now
25、like to read books with pictures. （ D） The adults are less violent than the young. 15 From the passage, we can conclude that （ A） children should keep away from TV （ B） TV programs should be improved （ C） childrens books should have pictures （ D） TV has a deep influence on the young 15 Human needs s
26、eem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat! when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view. The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, a
27、nother level appears. The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War II , these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It
28、 included such items as automobiles and new houses. By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared; the “life-enriching“ level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety,
29、 and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury“ items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy
30、goods and the latest styles in clothing. On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal serv
31、ices on the fourth level? A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our
32、 teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels. 16 According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when_. （ A） he has saved up enough money （ B） he has grown
33、 dissatisfied with his simple shelter （ C） he has satisfied his hunger （ D） he has learned to build houses 17 It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War II , most Americans_. （ A） were very rich （ B） lived in poverty （ C） had the good things on the first three levels （ D） did n
34、ot own automobiles 18 Which of the following is NOT related to “physical satisfaction“? （ A） A successful career. （ B） A comfortable home. （ C） A good meal. （ D） A family car. 19 What is the main concern of man on the fourth level? （ A） The more goods the better. （ B） The more mental satisfaction th
35、e better. （ C） The more “luxury“ items the better. （ D） The more earnings the better. 20 The author tends to think that the fifth level . （ A） would be little better than the fourth level （ B） may be a lot more desirable than the first four （ C） can be the last and most satisfying level （ D） will be
36、come attainable before the government takes actions 阅读理解（推理判断题）强化练习试卷 3答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You
37、 should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 【知识模块】 推理判断题 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文的整体把握和对细节的理解。本文通篇讲述吸烟的危害，吸烟会引发各种癌症。题干中的肺癌，是上文诸多癌症之一。因此可排除 C、 D两项。而 A项与文章主题 “吸烟 ”无关，故排除。根据文章倒数第二段： Almost all these deaths can attribu
38、ted directly to tobacco smoking。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对文章细节的把握。根据文章 women who smoke during pregnancy produce babies on average about 5 to 8 ounces lighter than those who dont可知应选 A。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 3 【正确答案】 C 【试 题解析】 本题考查考生根据文章信息进行推理的能力。根据倒数第二段最后一句话 You would be foolish to rely on someo
39、ne finding a cure before you need it可能目前还没有有效的肺癌治疗方法。应注意的是 A项中的 before long是 “不久以后 ”的意思，与文意相反。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生根据文章信息进行推理的能力。根据文章最后两句，可排除 A项 (女性与男性吸烟一样多 )。 B项，女 性吸烟的反应比男性好些，文章未提及。根据文章 women who smokewho dont 可知，影响胎儿仅仅是女性吸烟的后果之一，故排除 C。因此，根据文章整体大意，可知选 D。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 5 【正确答案】 D 【试
40、题解析】 本题考查考生对文章大意的把握。本文主要讲述吸烟的危害，不论是对男性，还是对女性，不论是哪种香烟，其危害都非常大。因此选择 D项。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 【知识模块】 推理判断题 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细 节的把握。文中第一句提到了 One study shows that Americans prefer to answer with a brief “Yes”， “No”， “Sure”， or the very popular “Yeah”rather than with a longer reply一次调查显示美国人更喜欢用简短的回答，与 C项相
41、符， A项在文中也可找到，但是并不符合题意。 B、 D两项在文章中都未提及。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细 节的理解。第一段最后一句说， those who are accustomed to longer greetings may require a little more time before they feel comfortable with American simple talk“那些习惯了较长问候的人们可能需要更长一些的时间来适应美国人简短的谈话 ”，所以 A项符合题意。找准文章中有关该题的句子，然居在选项中找到与文章最符合的
42、一项。单独看选项，都能解释得过去，但是要根据文章的观点选出符合文章意思的选项 才是正确的。 B项不正确，C、 D两项文章中都没有提到。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 8 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对文意的理解。第一段倒数第二句说 It is used by every-one， regardless of rank， age or occupation “人们不分官职、年龄或是职业，都使用简短的对话。 ”C项说 “美国高官职的人都必须用正式用语 ”，与文章不符。 A、 B和 D三项都可以从文章第一段中找到依据。 Americans prefer to answer with a
43、brief“Yes”， “No”， “Sure” or the very popular“Yeah”But brief replies do not mean Americans are impolite or unfriendly to some extent 【知识模块】 推理判断题 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对文章中具体句子的把握。第二段的第二、三句说 If people praise them or thank them in an especially polite way， they may become uncomfortable and not know
44、what to say in reply “如果有人用一种很礼貌的方式赞扬或是感谢美国人的话，他们会感到不自在，而且不知如何应答。 ”A项说 “他们不知如何应答 ”， B项说 “他们感到不舒服不自然 ”，都符合题意， C项在原文中找不到依据。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 10 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文意思的把握。第二段第四句说 Except for certain holidays， such as Christmas， Americans dont usually give gifts“除了像圣诞节这样的节日之外，美国人不经常送礼物。 ”与 B项相符合。 A、 C和
45、D三项都在原文中找不到依据，所以不正确。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 【知识模块】 推理判断题 11 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握。根据短文第一段， A、 C两项都是错误的。 B项文中没有提到。只有 D项根据文章第一段可以得出此结论： Young men will never again go to war as they did in 1914 【知识模块】 推理判断题 12 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对文章的理解。根据短文第二段， A、 B、 D三项都不符合文章的意思。 C项的依据是； Better informed， people are mo
46、re likely to vote， and so to make their opinion count 【知识模块】 推理判断题 13 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对文意的理解。 Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world； that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless该句子的理解如下： “儿童由于经验不足，不能判断电视节目所展现的不真
47、实的世界，电视广告往往会为一些劣质和没有用处的产品做宣传。 ”由此判断， B、 C、 D三项文中均未明确提到。只有 A项可以通过以上句子 直接推出。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对整篇短文的观点的理解。 A项文章未提到。 Used to TV shows， where everything is quick and interesting， they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures； to read a book that requires thinking
48、； to listen to a teacher who doesnt do funny things like the people on childrens programs “习惯于电视节目的快捷有趣，他们已经失去耐心去读一篇没有图片的文章，或者是一本需要仔细思考的书，更不愿意听一位老师在讲课，因为他缺少儿童节目当中的风趣。 ”根据这个句子，可以判断 C项正确。 They believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable All educators agree that the“television generatio
49、ns”are more violent than their parents and grandparents由此判断 D项正确。至于 B项，在文中可以找到依据： And they expect all problems to be solved happily in ten， fifteen， or thirty minutes Thats the time it takes on the screen 【知识模块】 推理判断题 15 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文意思的整体把握。我们直接根据文中具体的段落或者句子可以推导出来的结论只有 D项。 A项 “孩子们应该远离电视 ”文中没有提到。文章只讲到电视对年轻人有害。 B项 “电视节目应该提高 ”文章中也没有依据。 C项也是无依据的。 D项的依据是 Unfortunately， televisions influence has been extremely harmful to the young整个后两段讲的都是对年轻人的影响。 【知识模块】 推理判断题 【知识模
