1、阅读理解（语义理解题）强化练习试卷 4及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corr
2、esponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that theres a big difference between “being a writer“ and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of we
3、alth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “Youve got to want to write,“ I say to them, “not want to be a writer. “ The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When
4、 I left a 20-year career in the U. S. Coast Guard to become a freelance (栏目 ) writer, I had no prospects at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didnt even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewrite
5、r and felt like a genuine writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadnt gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that I barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write, I had dreamed about it for years. I wasnt going to be one of those people who die wond
6、ering: What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. 1 The passage is meant to_. （ A） warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer h
7、as to experience （ B） advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer （ C） show young people its unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fame （ D） encourage young people to pursue a writing career 2 What can be concluded from the passage? （ A） Genuine writers often
8、find their work interesting and rewarding. （ B） A writers success depends on luck rather than on efforts. （ C） Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation. （ D） The chances for a writer to become successful are small. 3 Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his w
9、riting career? （ A） He wasnt able to produce a single book. （ B） He hadnt seen a change for the better. （ C） He wasnt able to have a rest for a whole year. （ D） He thought that he lacked imagination. 4 “.people who die wondering: What if?“ (Lines 34, Para. 3) refers to “those （ A） who think too much
10、 of the dark side of life （ B） who regret giving up their career halfway （ C） who think a lot without making a decision （ D） who are full of imagination even upon death 5 “Shadowland“ in the last sentence refers to_. （ A） the wonderland one often dreams about （ B） the bright future that one is looki
11、ng forward to （ C） the state of uncertainty before ones final goal is reached （ D） a world that exists only in ones imagination 5 A youngsters social development has a profound effect on his academic progress. Kids who have trouble getting along with their classmates can end up behind academically a
12、s well and have a higher chance of dropping out (退学 ). In the early grades especially, experts say, youngsters should be encouraged to work in groups rather than individually so that teachers can spot children who may be having problems making friends. “ When children work on a project,“ says Lillia
13、n Kate, an educational professor at the University of Illinois, “they learn to work together, to disagree, to think, to take turns and lighten tensions. These skills cant be learned through lecture. We all know people who have wonderful technical skills but dont have any social skills. Relationships
14、 should be the first R“. At a certain age, children are also learning to judge themselves in relation to others. For most children, school marks the first time that their goals are not set by an internal clock but by the outside world. Just as the 1-year-old struggles to walk, the 6-year-old is stru
15、ggling to meet adult expectations. “Young kids dont know how to distinguish early-childhood education for the state of New Jersey. If they try hard to do something and fail, they may conclude that they will never be able to accomplish a particular task. The effects of obvious methods of comparison s
16、uch as posting grades can be serious,“ say Hills, “A child who has had his confidence really damaged needs a rescue operation. “ 6 The author seems to think that a kids poor relationship with his classmates would （ A） have negative effects on his study （ B） develop his individualism but limit his in
17、telligence （ C） eventually lead to his leaving school （ D） have nothing to do with his achievements in a course 7 In the first paragraph, the word “spot“ means_. （ A） teach （ B） help （ C） find （ D） treat 8 For most children, school makes them understand_. （ A） that it is society rather than individu
18、al that decides ones future （ B） that they can meet the social needs （ C） that ones effort and ones ability can be two quite different matters （ D） that social needs and individual needs have nothing in common 9 Which of the following is most unlikely for the author to do? （ A） To talk to the studen
19、ts who have mental problems. （ B） To help students develop a feeling of self-respect. （ C） To keep a student from playing alone. （ D） To announce a students scores in public. 10 Which of the following is the major concern of the passage about a students needs? （ A） Individualism and cooperation. （ B
20、） Academic success and independent thinking. （ C） Socialization and feeling of competence. （ D） Intelligence and respect. 10 If the Europeans thought a drought a long period of dry weather- was something that happened only in Africa, they know better now. After four years of below-normal rainfall (i
21、n some cases only 10 percent of the annual average), vast areas of France, Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Britain and Ireland are dry and barren (贫瘠 ). Water is so low in the canals of northern France that waterway traffic is forbidden except on weekends. Oyster (牡蛎 ) grows in Brittany report a 30 percen
22、t drop in production because of the loss of fresh water in local rivers necessary for oyster breeding. In southeastern England, the rolling green hills of Kent have turned so brown that officials have been weighing plans to pipe in water from Wales. In Portugal, farmers in the southern Alentejo regi
23、on have held prayer meeting for rain so far, in vain. Governments in drought-spread countries are taking severe measures. Authorities in hard-hit areas of France have banned washing cars and watering lawns. In Britain, water will soon be metered, like gas and electricity. “The English have always ta
24、ken water for granted,“ says Graham Warren, a spokesman of Britains National Rivers Authority. “Now theyre putting a price on it. “ Even a sudden end to the drought would not end the misery in some areas. It will take several years of unusually heavy winter rain, the experts say, just to bring exist
25、ing water reserves up to their normal levels. 11 What does the author mean by saying “they know better now“? （ A） They know more about the causes of the drought. （ B） They have a better understanding of the drought in Africa. （ C） They have realized that the drought in Europe is the most serious one
26、. （ D） They have realized that droughts hit not only Africa but also Europe. 12 The drought in Europe has brought about all the following problems EXCEPT_. （ A） below-normal rainfall （ B） difficult navigation （ C） a sharp drop in oyster harvest （ D） bone-dry hills 13 The British government intends t
27、o_. （ A） forbid the car-washing service （ B） increase the price of the water used （ C） end the misery caused by the drought （ D） charge fees for the use of the water 14 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? （ A） Germany is the only country free from the drought. （ B） Wa
28、ter reserves are at their lowest level in years due to drought. （ C） The drought is more serious in Britain than in France. （ D） Europe will not have heavy rain until several years later. 15 Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage? （ A） Europe in Misery. （ B） Drought Att
29、acks Europe. （ C） Be Economical with Water. （ D） Europe, a Would-be Africa. 15 Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the inhabitants becom
30、e annoyed and unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the countrys economy. It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty t
31、hat attract tourists. Tourism should also advance the well-being of local inhabitants. Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the countrys economy can suffer. On the other hand, if
32、there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a great deal of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads, and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can
33、cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel will lose money. Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, an
34、d water. All of these support facilities cost money. If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost. 16 Which of the following has most probably been discussed in the paragraph that goes before the passage? （ A） It is extremely important to develop tourism. （ B）
35、Building roads and hotels is essential. （ C） Support facilities are highly necessary. （ D） Planning is of great importance to tourism. 17 Too much tourism can cause all these problems EXCEPT_. （ A） a bad impact on other industries （ B） a change of tourists customs （ C） overcrowdedness of places of i
36、nterest （ D） pressure on traffic 18 Not enough tourism can lead to_. （ A） an increase of unemployment （ B） a decrease in tourist attractions （ C） the higher cost of support facilities （ D） a rise in price and a fall in pay 19 It is good for local people to be well aware that tourism will_. （ A） use
37、up a large amount of water （ B） weaken their economy （ C） help establish their traditions （ D） help improve their life 20 The word “handle“ in the last paragraph most probably means_. （ A） carry away （ B） pick up （ C） get in （ D） take down 阅读理解（语义理解题）强化练习试卷 4答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30
38、%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throu
39、gh the center. 【知识模块】 语义理解题 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题 解析】 本题考查考生对文章的整体把握能力。作者在开头便点明 “当作家 ”和从事写作是不同的，指出很多年轻人的想法是不成熟的。接下来作者又以自己的亲身经历说明成为作家的艰辛。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 2 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 一个作家成功的几率是非常小的。在文章的第二段中提到 For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded有一些作家得到了财富，但还有成 千上万更多的
40、作家的渴望从未得到回报。说明作家成功是非常困难的。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 作者在从事写作一年后怀疑自己，是因为他没有看到任何好转的机会。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 这些人总去问 what if，说明他们总是犹豫不决，对自己的未来举棋不定，做不出最终决定。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 5 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对词汇的理解。 shadowland是指一种在目标 实现前的不确定状态。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 【知识模块】 语义理解题 6 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对细节的把握。答案在
41、第一段第二句话： Kids who have trouble getting along with their classmates can end up behind academically as well “不能和同学很好相处的学生学习也会落后。 ”A最符合题意。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题是词义题，考查考生根据上下文对具体词语的理解。 spot发现，找出。原文是： In the early grades especially， experts say， youngsters should be encouraged to work in grou
42、ps rather than individually so that teachers can spot children who may be having problems making friends “专家说，尤其在早期，应当鼓励年轻人一起学 习，而不是独自学习，这样老师们就能发现哪些学生交朋友有困难。 ” 【知识模块】 语义理解题 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题主要考查考生对细节的把握。答案在第二段第二句话： For most children， school marks the first time that their goals are not set by an
43、internal clock but by the outside world “对于大多数学生来讲，学校标志着他们的目标第一次是由外部世界设定的，不再是由 内在时钟设定的。 ”因此学校使学生们明白是社会而不是个人决定他们的未来。 A为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题考查对作者的态度问题的把握。答案在第二段最后一句话：The effects of obvious methods of comparison such as posting grades can be serious， says Hills， “A child who has had
44、his confidence really damaged needs a rescue operation ”“比如公布成绩的影响是很严重的，一个小孩的自信受损就急需挽救措施。 ”因此作者最不愿做的事情是公开学生的成绩。 D为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文整体的把握。作者第一段谈到：年轻人的社会能力会对他的学习产生很大的影响，因此一个人的社会能力应当放在第一位。第二段谈到学生们的自信心非常重要。因此一个学生最关心的应当是具有社交能力和对自己能力的感觉。因此 C为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 【知识模块】 语义理解题 11
45、 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题主要考查考生对细节的把握。答案在第一段第一句话： If the Europeans thought a droughta long period of dry weather-was something that happened only in Africa， they know better now “如果欧洲人认为干旱天气只会出现在非洲的话，那么他们现在更清楚地知道了，情况并非如此。 ”因此，they know better now意为 they have realized that droughts hit not only Africa but
46、also Europe “欧洲人已经意识到干旱不仅会袭击非洲也会出现在欧洲。 ” 【知识模块】 语义理解题 12 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题主要考查考生对第一段整体意思的把握。答案在第一段，从第三句到本段结束可看出欧洲的干旱引起了以下问题：船只航行困难，牡蛎产量下降，山丘干旱。低于平均水平的降雨量不属于干旱引起的问题，而应当是由于降雨量少引 起干旱。因此 A为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 13 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题主要考查考生对细节的把握。答案在第二段，有这样的句子：In Britain， water will soon be metered， like ga
47、s and electricity “在英国，水很快就会像煤气和电一样开始计量了。 ”The English have always taken water for granted “英国人一直对水习以为常。 ”Now they are putting a price on it “他们现在要开始给水定价了。 ”因此英国政府打算开始收水费。 D为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对文章具体句子意思的理解。答案在文章的最后一句话： It will take several years of unusually heavy winter rai
48、njust to bring existing water reserves up to their normal levels “如果想让水库的水达到通常的水 平 需要几年的时间，而且需要非常大的冬雨量。 ”因此，由于多年干旱，水库的水位已经最低了。 B为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题考查考生对全文意思的整体把握。文章第一段谈到干旱给欧洲带来的灾难，第二段谈到干旱的国家的政府采取的一些措施。因此文章的题目应当是： Drought Attacks Europe“干旱袭击欧洲 ”。 B为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 【知识模块】 语义理解
49、题 16 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 文 章一开始作者便指出计划在旅游业发展中的重要性。 Without proper planning， tourism can cause problems没有适当的计划，旅游业带来的将是麻烦。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 17 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 A项在第三段中提到，国民将大量涌向旅游业，使国家经济的其他方面受损。 C项在第一段提到， For example， too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country D项也出现在第一段： If tourists create too much traffic， the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy所以只有 B项在文中没有提及。 【知识模块】 语义理解题 18 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 这个问题考查考生对文章的理解。上文提到，因为旅游业的快速发展，人们都放弃原来的工作而投身于旅游
