1、雅思（听力）模拟试卷 36及答案与解析 一、 Listening Module (30 minutes but, a word of warning: agriculture must also be sustainable. Lets look at approaches that are not sustainable. Firstly, overgrazing and intensive cropping are two ancient but destructive practices that lead to loss of soil fertility. Secondly, the
2、 modem idea of liberal application of chemical pesticides and herbicides has had disastrous consequences for the health of the land, ranging from the pollution of water sources to the destruction of wildlife. These practices have ignored the mechanisms that sustain ecological communities. Ignorance
3、has led to the destruction of the very biodiversity that is essential for sustainable food production. However, introducing new agricultural techniques, especially things like genetic engineering, can be difficult because many people remain suspicious of the fact that plants have had their genetic m
4、aterial modified by scientists. Biotechnology has also led to the dubious practice of bio-prospecting, or as some prefer to call it, bio-piracy. Foreign multinational companies have been accused of illegally obtaining samples of indigenous plants of other countries in order to get their hands on gen
5、etic material to improve the quality or yield of their own crops. We must put aside the controversy surrounding the field of agricultural biotechnology in order to concentrate on the biggest threat to food production on this planet.which is.? Yes, climate change. The effects of global warming so far
6、 have been to shrink the food supply thereby pushing up prices and making, even the most basic necessities, unaffordable. As I see it, the international community must address this, and other challenges to agricultural production, with urgency. Concrete scientific and technological achievements need
7、 to be presented for farmers to evaluate and learn to use but, apart from that, governments need to address the complex issues of policy development if the worlds hungry are to be fed. Environmental policies need to be put in place to protect ecosystems and correct soil degradation where possible. C
8、ountries cannot continue to exploit naLral resources whilst ignoring the consequences. In fact, Id like to see teams of agriculture and environment experts making up a global network which would monitor the worlds farming systems. Different farming systems should be studied not only with a view to a
9、nalyzing the environmental effects, but the social and economic effects as well. The studies would be carried out with a view to stemming pollution and erosion and promoting safe, cost-effective practices that will guarantee a secure food supply in the future. Monitoring sites would need to be set u
10、p all across the world and data collected in a systematic way. Of course, building the online infrastructure for such a project would cost millions of dollars and there would be ongoing costs involved with the monitoring system but the information gathered would go a long way towards solving the pro
11、blem of feeding the masses and ensuring millions of people dont face a hungry future. 31 【正确答案】 food 32 【正确答案】 fishing 33 【正确答案】 forestry 34 【正确答案】 (the) destruction 35 【正确答案】 genetic material 36 【正确答案】 climate change/global warming 37 【正确答案】 policy development/environmental policies 38 【正确答案】 global network 39 【正确答案】 cost-effective 40 【正确答案】 (online) infrastructure
