1、Designation: C76 16Standard Specification forReinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C76; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers reinforced concret
3、e pipe in-tended to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrialwastes, and storm water, and for the construction of culverts.1.2 This specification is the inch-pound companion toSpecification C76M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presentedin this specification. Reinforced concrete pipe that co
4、nform tothe requirements of C76M, are acceptable under this Specifi-cation C76 unless prohibited by the Owner.NOTE 1This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specifica-tion only, and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or therelationship between field load condition and the
5、 strength classification ofpipe. However, experience has shown that the successful performance ofthis product depends upon the proper selection of the class of pipe, typeof bedding and backfill, and care that installation conforms to theconstruction specifications. The owner of the reinforced concre
6、te pipespecified herein is cautioned that he must correlate the field requirementswith the class of pipe specified and provide inspection at the constructionsite.NOTE 2Attention is called to the specification for reinforced concreteD-load culvert, storm drain, and sewer pipe (Specification C655).2.
7、Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA1064/A1064M Specificat
8、ion for Carbon-Steel Wire andWelded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, forConcreteC33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC76M Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, StormDrain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric)C150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC260/C260M Specification for Air-Ent
9、raining Admixturesfor ConcreteC309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-pounds for Curing ConcreteC443 Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe andManholes, Using Rubber GasketsC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forConcreteC497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Section
10、s, orTileC595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC655 Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-LoadCulvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer PipeC822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProduct
11、sC989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use inConcrete and MortarsC990 Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes,and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible JointSealantsC1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forUse in Producing Flowing ConcreteC1116/C1116M Specifi
12、cation for Fiber-Reinforced ConcreteC1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in theProduction of Hydraulic Cement ConcreteC1628 Specification for Joints for Concrete Gravity FlowSewer Pipe, Using Rubber Gaskets3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to con-crete pipe,
13、see Terminology C822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manufactured in accordance with this specificationshall be of five classes identified as Class I, Class II, Class III,Class IV, and Class V. The corresponding strength require-ments are prescribed in Tables 1-5.1This specification is under the jurisdict
14、ion of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.02 onReinforced Sewer and Culvert Pipe.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originallyapproved in 1930. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C76 - 15a. DOI:10.1520/C0076-16.
15、2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C
16、700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Basis of Acceptance5.1 Unless otherwise designated by the owner at the time of,or before placing an order, there are two separate and alterna-tive bases of acceptance. Independent of the method ofacceptance, the pipe shall be designed to meet b
17、oth the 0.01-in.crack and ultimate strength requirements specified in Tables1-5.5.1.1 Acceptance on the Basis of Plant Load-Bearing Tests,Material Tests, and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for VisualDefects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in alldiameters and classes produced in accordanc
18、e with 7.1 or 7.2shall be determined by the results of the three-edge bearingtests as defined in 11.3.1; by such material tests as are requiredin 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, and 6.6; by an absorption test of the concretefrom the wall of the pipe as required in 11.9; and by visualinspection of the finished pipe t
19、o determine its conformancewith the accepted design and its freedom from defects.5.1.2 Acceptance on the Basis of Material Tests and Inspec-tion of Manufactured Pipe for Defects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes producedin accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 shall be det
20、ermined by the resultsof such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, and 6.6;by crushing tests on concrete cores or cured concrete cylinders;by an absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipefor each mix design that is used on an order; and by inspectionof the finished pipe in
21、cluding amount and placement ofreinforcement to determine its conformance with the accepteddesign and its freedom from defects.5.1.3 When agreed upon by the owner and manufacturer,any portion or any combination of the tests itemized in 5.1.1 or5.1.2 may form the basis of acceptance.5.2 Age for Accep
22、tancePipe shall be considered ready foracceptance when it conforms to the requirements as indicatedby the specified tests.6. Materials6.1 Reinforced ConcreteThe reinforced concrete shallconsist of cementitious materials; mineral aggregates;admixtures, if used; and water in which steel has beenembedd
23、ed in such a manner that the steel and concrete acttogether.6.2 Cementitious materials:6.2.1 CementCement shall conform to the requirements ofSpecification C150/C150M, or shall be portland blast-furnaceslag cement, portland-limestone cement, or portland-pozzolanTABLE 1 Design Requirements for Class
24、I Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by the owner. The strength test requirements in pounds-force per linear foot of pipe underthe three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test load expressed in pounds-force per linear foot per foot of diamete
25、r) to produce a 0.01-in.crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.01-in. crack and the ultimate load as specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of the pipe in feet.D-load to produce a 0.01-in. crack 800D-load to produce the ultimate load 1200InternalDesignatedDiameter,in.Reinforcement, in.
26、2/linear ft of pipe wallWall A Wall BConcrete Strength, 4000 psi Concrete Strength, 4000 psiWallThickness,in.CircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,in.CircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage60 5 0.24 0.15 0.27 6 0.21 0.12 0.2366 512 0.3
27、0 0.18 0.33 612 0.24 0.15 0.2772 6 0.35 0.21 0.39 7 0.29 0.17 0.3278 612 0.40 0.24 0.44 712 0.32 0.19 0.3684 7 0.45 0.27 0.50 8 0.36 0.21 0.4190 712 0.49 0.29 0.54 812 0.41 0.24 0.4596 8 0.54 0.32 0.60 9 0.45 0.27 0.51Concrete Strength, 5000 psi102 812 0.63 0.38 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical0.240.38
28、912 0.54 0.32 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical0.210.32108 9 0.68 0.41 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical0.270.4110 0.60 0.36 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical0.240.36114A. . . .A. . . .120A. . . .A. . . .126A. . . .A. . . .132A. . . .A. . . .138A. . . .A. . . .144A. . . .A. . . .AFor modified or special designs
29、 see 7.2 or with the permission of the owner utilize the provisions of Specification C655. Steel areas may be interpolated between thoseshown for variations in diameter, loading, or wall thickness. Pipe over 96 in. in diameter shall have two circular cages or an inner circular plus one elliptical ca
30、ge.BAs an alternative to designs requiring both inner and outer circular cages the reinforcement may be positioned and proportioned in either of the following manners:An inner circular cage plus an elliptical cage such that the area of the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for th
31、e outer cage in the table and the total areaof the inner circular cage plus the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in the table,An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats in accordance with Fig. 1,orAn inner and outer cage plus an elliptical cage in accordance w
32、ith Fig. 2.CElliptical and quadrant steel must be held in place by means of holding rods, chairs, or other positive means throughout the entire casting operation.C76162cement conforming to the requirements of Specification C595/C595M, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IPportland-pozzo
33、lan cement shall be fly ash.6.2.2 Slag CementSlag cement shall conform to the re-quirements of Grade 100 or 120 of Specification C989/C989M.6.2.3 Fly AshFly ash shall conform to the requirements ofClass F or Class C of Specification C618.6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious MaterialsThe comb
34、ination of cementitious materials used in the concreteshall be one of the following:6.2.4.1 Portland cement only,6.2.4.2 Portland blast-furnace slag cement only,6.2.4.3 Portland-pozzolan cement only,6.2.4.4 Portland-limestone cement only,6.2.4.5 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone
35、 cement and slag cement,6.2.4.6 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and fly ash,6.2.4.7 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement, slag cement and fly ash, orTABLE 2 Design Requirements for Class II Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis
36、of acceptance specified by the owner. The strength test requirements in pounds-force per linear foot of pipe underthe three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test load expressed in pounds-force per linear foot per foot of diameter) to produce a 0.01-in.crack, or the D-loads to produce
37、the 0.01-in. crack and the ultimate load as specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of the pipe in feet.D-load to produce a 0.01-in. crack 1000D-load to produce the ultimate load 1500InternalDesig-natedDiameter,in.Reinforcement, in.2/linear ft of pipe wallWall A Wall B Wall CConcrete St
38、rength, 4000 psi Concrete Strength, 4000 psi Concrete Strength, 4000 psiWallThick-ness,in.CircularReinforcementCEllipticalReinforcementDWallThick-ness,in.CircularReinforcementCEllipticalReinforcementDWallThick-ness,in.CircularReinforcementCEllipticalReinforcementDInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage
39、InnerCageOuterCage12 134 0.07B. . 2 0.07B. . 234 0.07B. .15 178 0.07B. . 214 0.07B. . 3 0.07B. .18 2 0.07B. . . 0.07B212 0.07B. . . 0.07B314 0.07B. . . 0.07B21 214 0.12 . . . 0.10 234 0.07B. . . 0.07B312 0.07B. . . 0.07B24 212 0.12 . . . 0.11 3 0.07B. . . 0.07B334 0.07B. . . 0.07B27 258 0.15 . . . 0
40、.12 314 0.12 . . . 0.11 4 0.07B. . . 0.07B30 234 0.15 . . . 0.14 312 0.14 . . . 0.12 414 0.07B. . . 0.07B33 278 0.16 . . . 0.15 334 0.15 . . . 0.12 412 0.07B. . . 0.07B36 3 0.14 0.08 0.15 4E0.12 0.07 0.12 434E0.07 0.07 0.0842 312 0.16 0.10 0.18 412 0.15 0.09 0.17 514 0.10 0.07 0.1148 4 0.21 0.12 0.2
41、3 5 0.18 0.11 0.20 534 0.14 0.08 0.1554 412 0.24 0.15 0.27 512 0.21 0.12 0.24 614 0.17 0.10 0.1960 5 0.30 0.18 0.33 6 0.24 0.15 0.27 634 0.21 0.12 0.2466 512 0.35 0.21 0.39 612 0.31 0.19 0.34 714 0.24 0.15 0.2772 6 0.41 0.24 0.45 7 0.35 0.21 0.39 734 0.30 0.18 0.3378 612 0.45 0.27 0.51 712 0.40 0.24
42、 0.44 814 0.35 0.21 0.3984 7 0.51 0.31 0.57 8 0.45 0.27 0.51 834 0.41 0.24 0.4590 712 0.57 0.34 0.63 812 0.51 0.31 0.57 914 0.48 0.29 0.5396 8 0.62 0.36 0.69 9 0.57 0.34 0.63 934 0.55 0.33 0.60Concrete Strength, 5000 psi102 812 0.76 0.45 InnerCircular0.30 912 0.68 0.41 InnerCircular0.27 1014 0.62 0.
43、36 InnerCircular0.24Plus El-liptical0.45 Plus El-liptical0.41 Plus El-liptical0.36108 9 0.85 0.51 InnerCircular0.34 10 0.76 0.45 InnerCircular0.30 1034 0.70 0.42 InnerCircular0.27Plus El-liptical0.51 Plus El-liptical0.45 Plus El-liptical0.42114A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .120A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .126A.
44、 . . .A. . . .A. . . .132A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .138A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .144A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .AFor modified or special designs see 7.2 or with the permission of the owner utilize the provisions of Specification C655. Steel areas may be interpolated between thoseshown for variations in diame
45、ter, loading, or wall thickness. Pipe over 96 in. in diameter shall have two circular cages or an inner circular plus one elliptical cage.BFor these classes and sizes, the minimum practical steel reinforcement is specified. The specified ultimate strength of non-reinforced pipe is greater than the m
46、inimumspecified strength for the equivalent diameters.CAs an alternative to designs requiring both inner and outer circular cages the reinforcement may be positioned and proportioned in either of the following manners:An inner circular cage plus an elliptical cage such that the area of the elliptica
47、l cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in the table and the total areaof the inner circular cage plus the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in the table,An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats in accordance with Fig. 1,orAn inner and
48、 outer cage plus an elliptical cage in accordance with Fig. 2.DElliptical and quadrant steel must be held in place by means of holding rods, chairs, or other positive means throughout the entire casting operation.EAs an alternative, single cage reinforcement may be used. The reinforcement area in sq
49、uare in. per linear foot shall be 0.20 for wall B and 0.16 for wall C.C761636.2.4.8 A combination of portland-pozzolan cement and flyash.6.3 AggregatesAggregates shall conform to SpecificationC33/C33M except that the requirement for gradation shall notapply.6.4 AdmixturesThe following admixtures and blends areallowable:6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to SpecificationC260/C260M;TABLE 3 Design Requirements for Class III Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by the owner
