1、Designation: C76M 12aStandard Specification forReinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe(Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C76M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l
2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers reinforced c
3、oncrete pipe in-tended to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrialwastes, and storm water, and for the construction of culverts.1.2 This specification is the SI companion to SpecificationC76.NOTE 1This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specifica-tion only, and does not include re
4、quirements for bedding, backfill, or therelationship between field load condition and the strength classification ofpipe. However, experience has shown that the successful performance ofthis product depends upon the proper selection of the class of pipe, typeof bedding and backfill, controlled manuf
5、acture in the plant, and care andinstallation conforms to the construction specifications. The owner of thereinforced concrete pipe specified herein is cautioned that he mustcorrelate the field requirements with the class of pipe specified andprovide inspection at the construction site.NOTE 2Attenti
6、on is called to the specification for reinforced concreteD-load culvert, storm drain, and sewer pipe (ASTM Designation C655M).2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Re
7、inforcementA706/A706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Deformedand Plain Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA1064/A1064M Specification for Steel Wire and WeldedWire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for ConcreteC33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC150 Specification for Portland CementC260 Specifi
8、cation for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-creteC309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-pounds for Curing ConcreteC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forConcreteC497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections,or Tile MetricC595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cem
9、entsC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC655M Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-LoadCulvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric)C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Co
10、ncrete andMortarsC1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forUse in Producing Flowing ConcreteC1116 Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete andShotcrete3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to con-crete pipe, see Terminology C822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manuf
11、actured in accordance with this specificationshall be of five classes identified as Class I, Class II, Class III,Class IV, and Class V. The corresponding strength require-ments are prescribed in Tables 1-5.5. Basis of Acceptance5.1 Unless otherwise designated by the owner at the time of,or before pl
12、acing an order, there are two separate and alterna-tive bases of acceptance. Independent of the method ofacceptance, the pipe shall be designed to meet both the 0.01-in.crack and ultimate strength requirements specified in Tables1-5.5.1.1 Acceptance on the Basis of Plant Load-Bearing Tests,Material
13、Tests, and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for VisualDefects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in alldiameters and classes produced in accordance with 7.1 or 7.21This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommitt
14、ee C13.02 onReinforced Sewer and Culvert Pipe.Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2012. Published October 2012. Originallyapproved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as C76M 12. DOI:10.1520/C0076M-12A.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cu
15、stomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1NOTE 1The total reinforcement area
16、 of the inner circular cage and the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in Tables1-5.NOTE 2The total reinforcement area of the outer circular cage and the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in Tables1-5.FIG. 1 Triple Cage Rei
17、nforcementTABLE 1 Design Requirements for Class I Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by owner.The strength test requirements in newtons per linear metre of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test load expressedin newtons p
18、er linear metre per millimetre of diameter) to produce the 0.3-mm crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.3-mm crack and the ultimate loadas specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of the pipe in millimetres.D-load to produce a 0.3 mm crack 40.0D-load to produce the ultimate load 60.0Int
19、ernalDesignatedDiameter,mmReinforcement, cm2/linear m of pipe wallWall A Wall BConcrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPaWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage1500 1
20、25 5.3 3.2 5.9 150 4.4 2.6 4.91650 138 6.4 3.8 7.0 163 5.3 3.2 5.91800 150 7.4 4.4 8.3 175 6.1 3.7 6.81950 163 8.5 5.1 9.3 188 6.8 4.1 7.62100 175 9.5 5.7 10.6 200 7.8 4.7 8.72250 188 10.4 6.2 11.4 213 8.7 5.2 9.72400 200 11.4 6.8 12.7 225 9.7 5.8 10.8Concrete Strength, 34.5 MPa2550 213 13.3 8.0Inne
21、r CircularPlus Elliptical5.38.0238 11.4 6.8Inner CircularPlus Elliptical4.66.82700 225 14.4 8.6Inner CircularPlus Elliptical5.88.6250 12.9 7.7Inner CircularPlus Elliptical5.27.72850A. . . .A. . . .3000A. . . .A. . . .3150A. . . .A. . . .3300A. . . .A. . . .3450A. . . .A. . . .3600A. . . .A. . . .AFo
22、r modified or special designs, see 7.2 or with the permission of the owner utilize the provisions of Specification C655M. Steel areas may be interpolated betweenthose shown for variations in diameter, loading, or wall thickness. Pipe over 2400 mm in diameter shall have two circular cages or an inner
23、 circular plus one elliptical cage.BAs an alternative to designs requiring both inner and outer circular cages the reinforcement may be positioned and proportioned in either of the following manners:An inner circular cage plus an elliptical cage such that the area of the elliptical cage shall not be
24、 less than that specified for the outer cage in the table and the total areaof the inner circular cage plus the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in the table,An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats in accordance with Fig. 2,orAn inner and outer cage plus an
25、 elliptical cage in accordance with Fig. 1.CElliptical and quadrant steel must be held in place by means of holding rods, chairs, or other positive means throughout the entire casting operation.C76M 12a2shall be determined by the results of the three-edge bearingtests as defined in 11.3.1; by such m
26、aterial tests as are requiredin 6.2, 6.3, 6.5 and 6.6; by an absorption test of the concretefrom the wall of the pipe as required in 11.9; and by visualinspection of the finished pipe to determine its conformancewith the accepted design and its freedom from defects.5.1.2 Acceptance on the Basis of M
27、aterial Test and Inspec-tion of Manufactured Pipe for Defects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes producedin accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 shall be determined by the resultsof such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5 and 6.6;bycrushing tests on concrete c
28、ores or cured concrete cylinders; byan absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe foreach mix design that is used on an order; and by inspection ofthe finished pipe including amount and placement of reinforce-ment to determine its conformance with the accepted designand its freedom fr
29、om defects.5.1.3 When agreed upon between the owner andmanufacturer, any portion or any combination of the testsitemized in 5.1.1 or 5.1.2 may form the basis of acceptance.5.2 Age for AcceptancePipe shall be considered ready foracceptance when it conforms to the requirements as indicatedby the speci
30、fied tests.TABLE 2 Design Requirements for Class II Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by owner.The strength test requirements in newtons per linear metre of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test-load expressedin newtons
31、 per linear metre per millimetre of diameter) to produce the 0.3-mm crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.3-mm crack and the ultimate loadas specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of the pipe in millimetres.D-load to produce a 0.3 mm crack 50.0D-load to produce the ultimate load 75.0I
32、nternalDesignatedDiameter,mmReinforcement, cm2/linear m of pipe wallWall A Wall B Wall CConcrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPaWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallT
33、hickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage300 44 1.5D. . 50 1.5D. . 69 1.5D. .375 47 1.5D. . 57 1.5D. . 75 1.5D. .450 50 1.5D. 1.5 63 1.5D. 1.5D82 1.5D. 1.5D525 57 2.5 . . . 2.1 69 1.5D. 1.5D88 1.5D. 1.5D600 63 2.8 . . . 2.3 75 1.5
34、D. 1.5D94 1.5D. 1.5D675 66 3.2 . . . 2.8 82 2.8 . . . 2.3 100 1.5D. 1.5D750 69 3.2 . . . 3.0 88 3.0 . . . 2.5 106 1.5D. 1.5D825 72 3.4 . . . 3.2 94 3.2 . . . 2.8 113 1.5D. 1.5D900 75 3.0 1.8 3.2 100E2.5 1.5 2.8 119E1.5 1.5 1.71050 88 3.4 2.0 3.8 113 3.2 1.9 3.6 132 2.1 1.5 2.31200 100 4.5 2.7 4.9 12
35、5 3.8 2.3 4.2 144 3.0 1.8 3.21350 113 5.3 3.2 5.9 138 4.7 2.8 5.1 157 3.6 2.2 4.01500 125 6.4 3.8 7.0 150 5.3 3.2 5.9 169 4.7 2.8 5.11650 138 7.4 4.4 8.3 163 6.6 4.0 7.2 182 5.3 3.2 5.91800 150 8.7 5.2 9.5 175 7.4 4.4 8.3 194 6.4 3.8 7.01950 163 9.7 5.8 10.8 188 8.5 5.1 9.3 207 7.4 4.4 8.32100 175 1
36、0.8 6.5 12.1 200 9.7 5.8 10.8 219 8.7 5.2 9.72250 188 12.1 7.3 13.3 213 10.8 6.5 12.1 232 10.2 6.1 11.22400 200 13.1 7.9 14.6 225 12.1 7.3 13.3 244 11.6 7.0 12.9Concrete Strength, 34.5 MPa2550 213 16.1 9.7 Inner Circular 6.4 238 14.4 8.6 Inner Circular 5.8 257 13.1 7.9 Inner Circular 5.2Plus Ellipti
37、cal 9.7 Plus Elliptical 8.6 Plus Elliptical 7.92700 225 18.0 10.8 Inner Circular 7.2 250 16.1 9.7 Inner Circular 6.4 269 14.8 8.9 Inner Circular 5.9Plus Elliptical 10.8 Plus Elliptical 9.7 Plus Elliptical 8.92850A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .3000A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .3150A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .3300A. .
38、 . .A. . . .A. . . .3450A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .3600A. . . .A. . . .A. . . .AFor modified or special designs, see 7.2 or with the permission of the owner utilize the provisions of Specification C655M. Steel areas may be interpolated between thoseshown for variations in diameter, loading, or wall thi
39、ckness. Pipe over 2400 mm in diameter shall have two circular cages or an inner circular plus one elliptical cage.BAs an alternative to designs requiring both inner and outer circular cages the reinforcement may be positioned and proportioned in either of the following manners:An inner circular cage
40、 plus an elliptical cage such that the area of the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in the table and the total areaof the inner circular cage plus the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in the table,An inner and outer cage
41、 plus quadrant mats in accordance with Fig. 2,orAn inner and outer cage plus an elliptical cage in accordance with Fig. 1.CElliptical and quadrant steel must be held in place by means of holding rods, chairs, or other positive means throughout the entire casting operation.DFor these classes and size
42、s, the minimum practical steel reinforcement is specified. The specified ultimate strength of non-reinforced pipe is greater than the minimumspecified strength for the equivalent diameters.EAs an alternative, single cage reinforcement may be used. The reinforcement area in square centimetres per lin
43、ear metre shall be 4.2 for wall B and 3.4 for wall C.C76M 12a36. Materials6.1 Reinforced ConcreteThe reinforced concrete shallconsist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, andwater, in which steel has been embedded in such a manner thatthe steel and concrete act together.6.2 Cementitious Ma
44、terials:6.2.1 CementCement shall conform to the requirementsfor portland cement of Specification C150 or shall be portlandblast-furnace slag cement or slag modified portland cement, orportland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirements ofSpecification C595, except that the pozzolan constituent i
45、n theType IP portland-pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.6.2.2 Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace SlagGGBFSshall conform to the requirements of Grade 100 or 120 ofSpecification C989.6.2.3 Fly AshFly ash shall conform to the requirements ofClass F or Class C of Specification C618.6.2.4 Allowable Combinati
46、ons of Cementitious MaterialsThe combination of cementitious materials used in the concreteshall be one of the following:TABLE 3 Design Requirements for Class III Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by owner.The strength test requirements in newtons per lin
47、ear metre of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test-load expressedin newtons per linear metre per millimetre of diameter) to produce the 0.3-mm crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.3-mm crack and the ultimate loadas specified below, multiplied by the internal dia
48、meter of the pipe in millimetres.D-load to produce a 0.3 mm crack 65.0D-load to produce the ultimate load 100.0InternalDesig-natedDiameter,mmReinforcement, cm2/linear m of pipe wallWall A Wall B Wall CConcrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPaWallThickness,mm
49、CircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage300 44 1.5D. . 50 1.5DD. . . 69 1.5D. .375 47 1.5D. . 57 1.5D. . 75 1.5D. .450 50 1.5D. 1.5D63 1.5D. 1.5D82 1.5D. 1.5D525 57 3.0 . . . 2.3 69 1.5D. 1.5D88 1.5D. 1.5D600 63 3.6 . . . 3.0 75 1.5D. 1.5D94 1.5D. 1.5D675 66 3.8 . . . 3.4 82 3.4 . . . 3.0 100 1.7 . . . 1.5D750 69 4.0 . . . 3.8 88 3.8 . . . 3.2 107 2.1 . . . 1.7825 72 4.4 . . . 4.2 9
